1、Text Book 4Unit 1TextTwo college-age boys, unaware that making money usually involves hard work, are tempted by an advertisement that promises them an easy way to earn a lot of money. The boys soon learn that if something seems too good to be true, it probably is. 一个大学男孩，不清楚赚钱需要付出艰苦的劳动，被一份许诺轻松赚大钱的广告
2、吸引了。男孩们很快 就明白，如果事情看起来好得不像真的，那多半确实不是真的。BIG BUCKS THE EASY WAY轻轻松松赚大钱John G. Hubbell“You ought to look into this,“ I suggested to our two college-age sons. “It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time.“ I handed them some magazines in a plastic bag someone had hung
3、 on our doorknob. “你们该看看这个， ”我向我们的两个读大学的儿子建议道。“你们若想避免因为老是向人讨钱而有失尊 严的话，这兴许是一种办法。 ”我将挂在我们门把手上的、装在一个塑料袋里的几本杂志拿给他们。 A message printed on the bag offered leisurely, lucrative work (“Big Bucks the Easy Way!“) of delivering more such bags. 塑料袋上印着一条信息说，需要招聘人投递这样的袋子，这活儿既轻松又赚钱。(“轻轻松松赚大钱 !”)“I dont mind the in
4、dignity,“ the older one answered. “我不在乎失不失尊严， ”大儿子回答说。“I can live with it,“ his brother agreed. “我可以忍受， ”他的弟弟附和道。“But it pains me,“ I said，“to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you.“ “看到你们俩伸手讨钱讨惯了一点也不感到尴尬的样子，真使我痛心， ”我说。The boys said they would look into t
5、he magazine-delivery thing. Pleased, I left town on a business trip. By midnight I was comfortably settled in a hotel room far from home. The phone rang. It was my wife. She wanted to know how my day had gone. 孩子们说他们可以考虑考虑投递杂志的事。我听了很高兴，便离城出差去了。午夜时分，我已远离家门，在一家旅馆的房间里舒舒服服住了下来。电话铃响了，是妻子打来的。她想知道我这一天过得可好。
6、“Great!“ I enthused. “How was your day?“ I inquired. “好极了!”我兴高采烈地说。 “你过得怎么样”我问道。“Super!“ She snapped. “Just super! And its only getting started. Another truck just pulled up out front.“ “棒极了!”她大声挖苦道。 “真棒!而且这还仅仅是个开始。又一辆卡车刚在门前停下。 ”“Another truck?“ “又一辆卡车 ”?“The third one this evening. The first delive
7、red four thousand Montgomery Wards. The second brought four thousand Sears, Roebucks. I dont know what this one has, but Im sure it will be four thousand of something. Since you are responsible, I thought you might like to know whats happening. “今晚第三辆了。第一辆运来了四千份蒙哥马利-沃德百货公司的广告；第二辆运来四千份西尔斯- 罗伯 克百货公司的广
8、告。我不知道这一辆装的啥，但我肯定又是四千份什么的。既然这事是你促成的，我想你或许想了解事情的进展。 ”What I was being blamed for, it turned out, was a newspaper strike which made it necessary to hand-deliver the advertising inserts that normally are included with the Sunday paper. The company had promised our boys $600 for delivering these inserts
9、 to 4,000 houses by Sunday morning. 我之所以受到指责，事情原来是这样：由于发生了一起报业工人罢工，通常夹在星期日报纸里的广告插页，必须派人直接投送出去。公司答应给我们的孩子六百美金，任务是将这些广告插页在星期天早晨之前投递到四千户人家去。“Piece of cake!“ our older college son had shouted. “不费吹灰之力 !”我们上大学的大儿子嚷道。“ Six hundred bucks!“ His brother had echoed, “And we can do the job in two hours!“ “六百块!
10、”他的弟弟应声道， “我们两个钟点就能干完!”“Both the Sears and Ward ads are four newspaper-size pages,“ my wife informed me. “There are thirty-two thousand pages of advertising on our porch. Even as we speak, two big guys are carrying armloads of paper up the walk. What do we do about all this?“ “西尔斯和沃德的广告通常都是报纸那么大的四页，
11、 ”妻子告诉我说， “现在我们门廊上堆着三万二千页 广告。就在我们说话的当儿，两个大个子正各抱着一大捆广告走过来。这么多广告，我们可怎么办” 。“Just tell the boys to get busy,“ I instructed. “Theyre college men. Theyll do what they have to do.“ “你让孩子们快干， ”我指示说。 “他们都是大学生了。他们自己的事得由他们自己去做。 ”At noon the following day I returned to the hotel and found an urgent message to t
12、elephone my wife. Her voice was unnaturally high and quavering. There had been several more truckloads of ad inserts. 第二天中午，我回到旅馆，看到一份紧急留言，要我马上给妻子回电话。她的声音高得很不自然，而 且有些颤抖。家里又运到了好几卡车的广告插页。“Theyre for department stores, dime stores, drugstores, grocery stores, auto stores and so on. Some are whole magaz
13、ine sections. We have hundreds of thousands, maybe millions, of pages of advertising here! “有百货公司的，廉价商店的，杂货店的，食品店的，汽 车行的，等等。有些像整本杂志那么厚。我们这里有数十万页，说不定是几百万页的广告!They are crammed wall-to-wall all through the house in stacks taller than your oldest son. Theres only enough room for people to walk in, take
14、one each of the eleven inserts, roll them together, slip a rubber band around them and slide them into a plastic bag. 我们家整个房子 从东墙到西墙，从南墙到北墙统统堆满了广告，一堆又一堆，比你大儿子还要高。现在只剩下一点点空间，刚够一个人走进去，从十一种插页中各取一份，卷在一起，套上橡皮筋，再塞进一只塑料袋内。We have enough plastic bags to supply every takeout restaurant in America!“ Her voice
15、 kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human ear. “All this must be delivered by seven oclock Sunday morning.“我们的塑料袋足够供应全美所有的外卖餐厅!”她越讲声音越响，几乎震耳欲聋。 “这么多的广告必须在星期日早晨七 点以前统统送出去。 ”“Well, you had better get those guys banding and sliding as fast as they can, and Ill talk to you later.
16、 Got a lunch date.” “嗯，你最好让孩子们尽快地捆扎装袋，等会儿我再跟你谈。我有个午餐约会。”When I returned, there was another urgent call from my wife. 我餐后回来，妻子又打来一只紧急电话。“Did you have a nice lunch?“ she asked sweetly. I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so. “你午餐吃得不错吧 ”她用悦耳的声音问道。我吃的牛排好极了，但这次我学乖了，还是不说为妙。“Awf
17、ul,“ I reported. “Some sort of sour fish. Eel, I think.“ “糟透了， ”我报告说。 “一种什么酸溜溜的鱼，我想大概是鳗鲡吧。 ”“Good. Your college sons have hired their younger brothers and sisters and a couple of neighborhood children to help for five dollars each. Assembly lines have been set up. In the language of diplomacy, there
18、 is movement.“不错嘛。你的大学生儿子已经雇了他们的弟弟妹妹和两三个邻居的小孩帮忙，工钱一人五块，建起了 流水作业线。用外交术语来说，事情有进展。 ”“Thats encouraging.“ “这确实令人鼓舞。 ”“No, its not,“ she corrected. “Its very discouraging. Theyre been as it for hours. Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling, but all this hasnt made a dent, not a dent, in t
19、he situation! Its almost as if the inserts keep reproducing themselves!“ “不，并非如此， ”她纠正说。“相反，非常叫人泄气。他们干了好几个小时了。装好的塑料袋，一直堆到天花板，但一切努力收效很小。这些广告宣传品简直就像是不停地自行生产出来一样!”“Another thing,“ she continued. “Your college sons must learn that one does not get the best out of employees by threatening them with bodil
20、y harm. “还有一件事， ”她接着说， “你那上大学的儿子必须明白，威胁雇员，说要揍他们，是不可能使他们卖力的。 ”Obtaining an audience with son NO. 1, I snarled, “Ill kill you if threaten one of those kids again! Idiot! You should be offering a bonus of a dollar every hour to the worker who fills the most bags. 我跟大儿子一通上话，便咆哮道， “你如果再威胁那些孩子，我就对你不客气了!白痴
21、!你应该给奖金，对装袋最多的工人每小时奖励一块。 ”“But that would cut into our profit,“ he suggested. “可那要减少我们的利润啦， ”他提醒道。“There wont be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time. If they dont, you two will have to remove all that paper by yourselves. And there will be no eating or sleeping
22、 until it is removed.“ “那些孩子不帮你按时将所有的广告投送出去，你就什么利润也得不到。如果他们不干，你们俩就得亲手搬走所有的广告。而在把它们搬掉之前，你们吃不成，也睡不成。 ”There was a short, thoughtful silence. Then he said, “Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality.“ 电话里出现了短暂的沉默，他在思考。接着，他说， “爸爸，你刚才使我深受启迪，令我恍然大悟。 ”“Do it!“ “那就干吧 !”“Yes, sir!“ “是，阁下
23、!”By the following evening, there was much for my wife to report. The bonus program had worked until someone demanded to see the color of cash. 到第二天傍晚，我妻子就有许多事报告了。奖金计划行之有效，可后来有人对能否兑现表示怀疑，提出把钱拿出来给大家看看。Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business settling for $5 and a
24、few competitive bonuses while the bosses collected hundreds of dollars each. The organizer had declared that all the workers were entitled to $5 per hour! They would not work another minute until the bosses agreed. 接着工人队伍里的一位活动家声称，老板每人拿几百块钱，工人们决没有理由满足于每人五块外加一点点竞争性的奖金。劳工组织人宣布，所有工人的工资都应该达到每小时五块钱! 在老板答
25、应之前，他们不再干活儿，一分钟也不干。The strike lasted less than two hours. In mediation, the parties agreed on $2 per hour. Gradually, the huge stacks began to shrink. 罢工持续了不到两小时。通过调解，双方达成协议，每小时两块。渐渐地，大堆的广告开始减少。As it turned out, the job was completed three hours before Sundays 7 a.m. deadline. By the time I arrived
26、home, the boys had already settled their accounts: $150 in labor costs, $40 for gasoline, and a like amount for gifts - boxes of candy for saintly neighbors who had volunteered station wagons and help in delivery and dozen roses for their mother. 结果，全部工作比最后限期星期日早晨七点提前三个小时完成。等我回到家里，孩子们已经结了账。 劳务支出 150
27、 元，汽油费 40 元，还有 40 元买礼品几盒糖果，送给乐于助人的邻居，他们主动开出 自家的车帮助投递，还有一打玫瑰送给他们的母亲。This left them with $185 each - about two-thirds the minimum wage for the 91 hours they worked. Still, it was “enough“, as one of them put it, to enable them to “avoid indignity“ for quite a while. 除去以上开支，他们每人得到 185 元 -大约相当于 他们所干的 91
28、 小时的最低工资的三分之二。 虽然如此，可正如一个儿子所说，那还是“足够”他们花一阵子，使他们“避免那种有失尊严的事。” All went well for some weeks. Then one Saturday morning my attention was drawn to the odd goings-on of our two youngest sons. They kept carrying carton after carton from various corners of the house out the front door to curbside. 几个星期过去了，
29、一切都很好。后来，一个星期六的上午，我们两个小儿子的奇怪举动引起了我的注意。他们不停地将一个又一个的纸箱从房屋四处的角落里搬出，经过前门，送到人行道边。I assumed their mother had enlisted them to remove junk for a trash pickup. Then I overheard them discussing finances. 我以为他们的妈妈在指挥他们清除破烂，好让垃圾车运走呢。正在这时，我听到他们在议论经济问题。“Geez, were going to make a lot of money!“ “哟，我们会赚许多钱呢!”“Wer
30、e going to be rich!“ “我们要发财啦!”Investigation revealed that they were offering “ for sale or rent“ our entire library. 经查问发现，他们正在把我们的全部图书“出售或出租” 。“No! No!“ I cried. “You cant sell our books!“ “不成!不成!”我叫道。 “不能把我们的书卖了!”“Geez, Dad, we thought you were done with them!“ “哎唷，爸，我们以为你用不着它们了呢!”“Youre never don
31、e with books,“ I tried to explain. “书永远不会用不着的， ”我尽力解释道。“Sure you are. You read them, and youre done with them. Thats it. Then you might as well make a little money from them. We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for“你肯定用不着了。你都看过了，再也不用了。没有错。既然不用，还不如卖点钱。我们想避免那种有 失尊严的事，不再伸手向你要”New Word
32、sbuck n. (sl.) U.S. dollarplastic a. 塑料的n. (pl) 塑料doorknob n. 门把手leisurely a. unhurried 从容的，慢慢的leisure n. free time 空闲时间，闲暇lucrative a. profitable 有利的；赚钱的pain vt. cause pain topanhandle vi. (AmE) beg. esp. on the streetsdelivery n. delivering (of letters, goods, etc.)投递；送交enthuse vi. show enthusiasm
33、inquire vt. asksuper a. (colloq.) wonderful, splendid; excellentsnap vt. say(sth.) sharply 厉声说insert n. 插页normally ad. in the usual conditions; ordinarily 通常company n. 公司echo vt. say or do what another person says or does; repeat 附和；重复ad n. (short for) advertisementinform vt. tell; give information
34、告知porch n. (AmE) veranda 门廊armload n. as much as one arm or both arms can hold; armful walkn. a path specially arranged or paved for walking 人行道unnaturally ad. in an unnatural way 不自然地quavervi. (of the voice or sound) shake; tremble 颤抖truckloadn. as much or as many as a truck can carrydepartment sto
35、ren. store selling many different kinds of goods in separate departments 百货公司dimen. coin of U.S. and Canada worth ten centsdime storen. (AmE) a store selling a large variety of low-priced articles; variety store 廉价商品店；小商口店drugstoren. (AmE) a store that sells not only medicine, but also beauty produc
36、ts, film, magazines, and food 药店，杂货店groceryn. a store that sells food and household supplies 食品杂货店sectionn. part of subdivision of a piece of writing, book, newspaper, etc.; portion （文章等的）段落；节；部分cramvt. fill too full; force or press into a small space 把塞满；把塞进stackn. an orderly; heap or group of thin
37、gs 一叠（堆、垛等）band n. flat, thin piece of material 带；带状物vt. tie up with a band 捆扎rubber bandn. 橡皮筋takeouta. （餐馆）出售外卖菜的rangen. the distance at which one can see or hear （听觉、视觉等）的范围marvel(l)ousa. wonderful; astonishingsteakn. 牛排；大块肉（或鱼）片soura. 酸的eeln. 鳗鲡diplomacyn. 外交encouraginga. 鼓舞人心的dentn. a hollow in
38、 a hard surface made by a blow or pressure; initial progress 凹痕，凹坑，初步进展reproducevt. produce the young of (oneself or ones own kind) 生殖，繁殖bodily a. of the human body; physicalharmn. damage or wrong 伤害audiencen. the people gathered in a place to hear or see; a chance to be heard 观众；听众；陈述意见的机会snarlvt.
39、speak in a harsh voice 咆哮着说bonusn. an extra payment to workers 奖金thoughtfula. give to or indicating thought 沉思的，思考的cashn. money in coins or notes 现金activistn. a person taking an active part esp. in a political movement 激进分子work forcen. total number of workers employed in a particular factory, indust
40、ry or area 工人总数；劳动人口competitive a. 竞争的organizern. person who organizes things 组织者mediationn. 调解partyn. one of the people or sides in an agreement or argument 一方；当事人graduallyad. slowly and by degrees.graduala.逐渐的shrink (shrank, shrunk) vi. become less or smaller 减少；变小deadlinen. fixed limit of finishi
41、ng a piece of work 最后期限station wagonn. 小型客车，客货两用车minimum (pl. minima or minimums) n. the smallest possible amount, number, etc. 最低限度的量、数等minimum wagen. the lowest wage permitted by law or by agreement for certain work 法定最工资odda. strange; unusualgoings-on n. activities, usu. of an undesirable kindcar
42、tonn. a cardboard box for holding goods 纸板箱（或盒）curbsiden. the area of sidewalk at or near curb （curb: 人行道的镶边石） enlistvt. obtain the support and help of; cause to join the armed forces 取得的支持和帮助；征募trashn. waste material to be thrown away; rubbish 垃圾pickupn. a small light truck with an open back used f
43、or light deliveries 小卡车；轻型货车overhearvt. hear by chance; hear without the knowledge of the speaker(s)无意中听到；偷听到financen. money matters; (used in pl.) money; (science of ) the management of funds 财政；钱财；金融geezint.哎呀，呀salen. the act of selling sth.Phrases reduce slightly; make a first step towards succes
44、s(in)减少一点；取得初步进展cut intoreduce; decrease 减少have no businesshave no right or reason 无权，没有理由settle foraccept, although not altogether satisfactory （无可奈何地）满足于settle ones accountpay what one owes 结帐quite a whilea fairly long timedraw(sb.s) attention to make sb. notice, or be aware offor sale intended to
45、 be soldfor rentavailable to be rentedbe done with stop doing or using; finish 做完，不再使用may/might/could as wellwith equal or better effect 不妨，还不如，最好Proper NamesMontgomery Ward 蒙哥马利沃德百货公司Sears, Roebuck 西尔斯罗百克百货公司Unit 2TextIs there anything we can learn from deer? During the “energy crisis“ of 1973-1974
46、 the writer of this essay was living in northern Minnesota and was able to observe how deer survive when winter arrives. The lessons he learns about the way deer conserve energy turn out applicable to our everyday life. 有什么是我们能从鹿身上学到的吗在 1973-1974 年的“能源危机”期间，本文作者正住在明尼苏达北部，能够观察当冬天来临时，鹿如何生存。他从鹿储存能量的方法上
47、得到的经验也能够运用到我们的日常生活中。DEER AND THE ENERGY CYCLE鹿和能量循环Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isnt love; its money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. 有些人说，爱情驱使世界运转；另一些并不那么罗曼蒂克而更为注重实际的人则说，不
48、是爱情，而是金钱。但真实情况是，能量驱使世界运转。Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. 能量是生态系统的货币，只有当食物转变为能量，能量再用来获取更多的食物以供生长、繁殖和生存，生命才成为
49、可能。所有生命都维系在这一循环上。It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But it is probably less well known that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. 差不多众所周知，野生动物得以年复一年地生存下去，主要依靠在夏秋生长旺季尽量多吃，通常将多余的部分以脂肪的形式储存起来，然后到了冬天食物稀少的艰难时期，就用这些储备的脂
