1、Lesson 62 Affer the firecontrol n. 控制 Be in control of sth.指挥，管理或控制（ be in charge of sth）Who is in control of the plan?Be under control 在控制之中The fire has been brought under control火势已受到控制。Dont worry,everything is under control.Be out of control 失去控制The fire was out of control 大火失去了控制。control sth. I
2、can control it. =I can manage it. 我能对付(口语) smoke n. 烟（雾） full of smoke 充满烟雾 There is no smoke without fire.无风不起浪Have a smoke 抽一只烟smoker n. 抽烟的人 heavy smoker 烟瘾重的人 ； nonsmoker 不抽烟的人 smoke v. 吸烟 Dont smoke! = No smoking! He smoked heavily. He is a heavy smoker.He is a chain smoker.smoking area / smoki
3、ng room 吸烟室 cigarette = cigar n. 香烟 desolate adj. 荒凉的 desolate adj. 荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住, 荒无人烟的） ；极度孤独的(与人相连时) a desolate hilllonely adj. 孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住） desertedthreaten v. 威胁的 threaten to do sth. 威胁着要做 （与人相连） ；有迹象表明 He threatened to make the photo public.He threatened to uncover / un
4、veil / release his scandals to the public unless he paid.It threatened to rain. 有迹象表明天要下雨了。 threaten sb. with sth. 以 来威胁/恐吓某人 The thief threatened him with a knife. The robber threatened me with a gun.The whole village is threatened with destruction. 整个村庄受到毁灭性的威胁。联想：blackmail，steal，robsurrounding ad
5、j. 周围的 surround v 围绕，包围，围住I live in an old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods.surroundings n. 环境( 在周边的事物) Id like to bring up my child in healthy surroundings.我想在健康的环境里养大我的孩子。atmosphere n. 大气层, 氛围(在周边的人文环境 ) destruction n. 破坏 , 毁灭 destroy v. 破坏 construct v. 建设(为 创造更好的条件) construction n. 建设,
6、 建筑 construction bank 建设银行 build v. 建设(具体的建某物) flood n. 洪水, 水灾 flood = floods 都对，都可以用，无区别 authority n. 当局(常用复数 authorities) authority n. 权威（单数） spray v. 喷撒 spray sth. over/on 往上喷洒 spray water over/on flower spray grass-seed over/on the ground quantity n. （数）量 quantities of 大量的 quality n. 质量 sth. wit
7、h good quality 具有好质量的东西 root n. 根 What is the root cause? 根本原因是什么？ root of 的根 take root 生根 come out 长出来 shoot come out 发芽（shoot n. 芽） flower come out 开花 get out 出去 patch n. 小片，颜色和周围不同的部分 patch n. (平面上的)一片 , 补丁(本意) What is that yellow patch on the wall? 墙上那块黄斑是什么？ a patch of 一小片 ；patches of 许多片 There
8、 are patches of cloud in the sky. a piece of / a bit of / a sheet of 一片，一块 blacken v. 变黑，发暗 The smoke has blacken the walls. 烟把墙熏黑了。 -en 后缀表示动词，译为“使 变得” weak adj. 虚弱的 weaken v. 使变弱，削弱widenenrichenlarge【课文讲解】 1、Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it
9、under control. fight sth. 和作搏斗fire for freedom 为自由而战fight against cancer 和癌症作斗争 fight a good fight 打了一场漂亮的仗have a fightwin a fight ,lose a fightget it under control 表示 “使它得到控制”，get 有“使处于某种状态”的含义，“get+宾语+介词短语”作宾补: The Government can no longer keep prices under control. 政府已控制不住物价。 Get the room in orde
10、r. 2、A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. a short time before 和 a short time ago 都可以与段时间相连 a short time before 不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前 （同义词组：a short while before, not long ago）a short time ago 过去某段时间，从现在算起，一段时间以前 great trees 参天大树covershe covered her face with
11、 her hands.(naive)the ground is covered with snow.Dont judge the book by its cover.for miles around 方圆几英里（around 表示“在周围，向四周” ） This is the only modern building for miles around. 3、Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. rise up (from) 从 升上来 smoke rise up (烟、雾)弥漫 rise t
12、o ones feet 站起身rise in the world 出头，发迹the rise and fall of the Roman Empire 罗马帝国的兴衰The sun rises in the east.4、Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. winter was
13、coming on 冬季即将来临 (季节的来临的通用表达式)，come on 的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这里表示季节的“到来，来临”：When spring comes on, there will be flowers everywhere. I was still in the forest when night came on. for 因为，由于（用于主句之后，补充说明理由）I caught a cold , for I had been walking around in the rain.I ll follow his advice, for he is a doct
14、or.For+名词 因 理由，为了She was angry with him for being late.下面两个词也可以表示原因：As it is raining,let s stay at home.Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive.wash away 冲掉，冲走，洗掉 A wooden bridge was washed away by the flood. I cant wash the spot away. Not only but also5、When the fire had at last bee
15、n put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. put out 扑灭 order 定购 We can order some more books online.1)命令，吩咐 order sb to doHe ordered the army to surround/circle/ envelope/ siege the enemy.type 强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特征的种类，与 kind 有区别 6、The
16、 seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. spraysprayeranti-wolf spray 防狼喷剂quantity 单数时仅表示 “数量” ，既可以用于表示多也可以用于表示少： They drank a large /great /small quantity of beer last night. quantity 复数时表示 “大量” ：He bought books in (large) quantities. The Taiwan authoritiesThe local author
17、ities 当地政府7、The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain.plant seed /sow seed 播种8、By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. take root 表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/想法等“扎根”：This type of grass takes root easily. The idea has taken root in his mind. 9、In pl
18、ace of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. in place of 替代，取代 (只能指代位置、空间，原来放的东西现在不在了) Jane answered the phone in place of Mary. in sbs placee.g.Jane couldnt go,so I attended the conference in her place.In place 恰当的，在恰当
19、的位置上e.g. I like to have everything in place.我喜欢样样事都恰得其所。out of place 不得其所His dress was out of place at the ceremony.take the place of = replaceWho will take the place of Mr White? 谁将代替怀特先生？instead of 替代+没做的事 Instead of staying home, I went to school. （此句就不能用“in place of”，而指地点空间时，既可以用“in place of”也可以
20、用“instead of”。 ）时间联想：Second，Minute，Hour，Day，week, fortnight, month,season,year, decadecentury，millennium 千禧年patch ：Small areas ofGreens 蔬菜，Vegetable，Greengrocery ，Grocery【 Summary writing】 answer:2 Now that all the great trees had been burnt, there was danger that heavy rain would cause serious floo
21、ds which destroy the surrounding villages. now that 既然 ； which 定语从句 3 To prevent this the forest authorities ordered grass-seed which was sprayed over the ground by planes for nearly a month. to prevent 为了预防 4 By the time it began to rain, the grass had taken root in the soil. by the time(that) 到 时候
22、为止 (that 可以省略)，应理解为“before” 【Special Difficulties】 Control and Check1.control vt. 控制，指挥，支配，管理 eg.Dont try to control other people. n. 控制（能力） ，支配（能力） Its hard to keep the number of people coming into the country under control. 2.check vt. 检查，核对，查看 Theyre going to check our passports. 3.Great and Big great adj. 大的(强调重要性 )，伟大的，重大的，重要的 Frank has just made a great decision. big adj. 大的(强调面积、体积、规模上的大) Sam is a big man. 4.Soil and Ground soil n. 泥土(能让植物生长的)，土，土地，土壤 Trees and grass grow quickly in rich soil. ground n. 地表，地面(与土壤无关)，场地，土地 He threw the cup to the ground.
