1、四丶货币理论与货币政策四、货币理论与货币政策MONETARY THEORY AND MONETARY POLICY金融资产结构货币与货币供给=流通中现金= +活期存款= +定期存款= +其他短期流动资产（如国库券、银行承兑汇票、商业票据）+外汇存款有价证券：分为政府债券和企业债券两种。股票。The Meaning of MoneyMoney is the set of assets（资产） in the economy that people regularly use to buy goods and services from other people.Three Functions of
2、 MoneyMoney has three functions in the economy.? Medium of exchange（交换媒介）? Unit of account（计量单位）? Store of value（贮藏价值）Medium of ExchangeA medium of exchange is anything that is readily acceptable as payment.Unit of AccountA unit of account is the yardstick people use to post prices and record debts.
3、Store of ValueA store of value is an item that people can use to transfer purchasing power（购买力） from the present to the future.Liquidity（流动性）Liquidity is the ease with which an asset can 9be lent out. The Money Multiplier（货币乘数）The money multiplier is the amount of money the banking system generates
4、with each dollar of reserves.The Money MultiplierAssetsLiabilitiesFirst National BankReserves$10.00Loans$90.00Deposits$100.00Total Assets$100.00Total Liabilities$100.00The Money MultiplierAssetsLiabilitiesFirst National BankReserves$10.00Loans$90.00Deposits$100.00Total Assets$100.00Total Liabilities
5、$100.00AssetsLiabilitiesSecond National BankReserves$9.00Loans$81.00Deposits$90.00Total Assets$90.00Total Liabilities$90.00The Money MultiplierAssetsLiabilitiesFirst National BankReserves$10.00Loans$90.00Deposits$100.00Total Assets$100.00Total Liabilities$100.00AssetsLiabilitiesSecond National BankReserves$9.00Loans$81.00Deposits$90.00Total Assets$90.00Total Liabilities$90.00The Money MultiplierAssetsLiabilitiesFirst National BankReserves$10.00Loans$90.00Deposits$100.00Total Assets$100.00Total Liabilities$100.00AssetsLiabilitiesSecond National Bank
