1、第 1 页 共 5 页剑桥雅思同义词替换词和一词多义词总结 （词库不只是要浩瀚，关键是能做到运用自如） p1Show 表明: report, reflect, represent, reveal, unfold 打开/显露, present, demonstrate, illustrate, indicate, suggest, State 主张，宣称: claim/announce/ declare, assert, argue, allege, insist, express, report, contend 主张, maintain,被视作 Be known/ looked/ seen/
2、 regarded/ cited/ viewed/ considered/ depicted/ defined/ described/taken as, such as, (be) called (A is called B, A is so-called B), xx +that 从句，A is B 结构, 括号，破折号，冒号，引号，1.rigid (刚硬的/呆板的/僵硬的 /苛严的)/ stiff(硬的/ 僵直的/呆板的)/ unchanged/ little change (僵硬的/一成不变的)2.significant /dramatic 引人注目的/ substantial(实质的)
3、/ remarkable 非凡的/ crucial 至关紧要的3.approximately 将近 =nearly, almost 5.be involved (in) = involve in = involvement n. 涉及/卷入/参与6.given = considering = in regard to = despite = although 鉴于/考虑到/尽管 4.proportion 比例/ percentage 比例8.fortune 财富/运气/好运 n. = destiny 命运 n.= chance 机会 n. 10.capacity 能力,容量/ competen
4、ce 竞争力/ ability 能力8.deplete 开采完/耗尽 vt.= exhaust(exhaust emission 尾气排放)=exploit 开拓/开发=reclaim 开发/开垦=use up 耗尽plex 错综复杂的 a. n.复合体 /多功能体育馆= complicated 复杂的 a = sophisticated 久经世故的/ 精密的/复杂的11.确保/保障：Secure 安全的 a. / security 安全 n.= ensure 确保= insure 确保= guarantee 保证 v. n12.solely 独自地/ merely 仅仅= only 13.a
5、 vast array of 许多/ a great variety of 许多/ a great range of 许多14.pesticide 杀虫 / suicide 自杀/murder 谋杀 15.assume 假定 v.=suppose 假设 v.=postulate 假定=hypothesize 假设16.授权/委托：authorize 批准 v.(authority 当局)/ commission 委任/委托/佣金/ entitle 授权 entitlement 权利=right 权利17.purchase 购买/ buy 18. ethnic 种族的/ ethic 伦理/ 道德
6、的 a. 19. modify 修改 v=change=shift /shift work 轮班工作20. insight 洞察力 /knowledge/ learning 知识, 学问/ understanding 理解力/ knowing 知道; 认识 21.constrain 拘泥，限制 / restrict 限制/ limit n.界限, 限度, 限制 vt. 限制, 限定22. circumstance 环境（社会 ）= surroundings 环境 = environment 环境/ background 背景= settings 处境，背景= context 背景，文章的上下文
7、 / anachronism 时代错误23.notorious 臭名昭著的/ flagrant 臭的 / fragrant 香的 /是此问题的核心is at the root of the issue 24.移民：immigrant 从外国移来的/ emigrant 移居外国者 / migrant 候鸟, 移居者25.兴旺/繁荣；prosperous 繁荣的/ thriving 兴旺, 繁荣 / booming 急速发展的/ flourishing 繁茂的, 繁荣的26.神圣的：divine 神圣的/ heavenly 如天堂的/ holy 神圣的/ sacred 庄严的, 神圣的27.有毒的
8、：poisonous/ toxic 有毒的, 中毒的 nontoxic 无毒的 28.致命的：deadly/ fatal/ lethal 致命的/ mortal 致命的29.类似于：look like 像., 似., / resemble 与类似 30. chronic 长期的, 慢性的 = long-term 长期的32.网友：online /net/ cyber friend / 上网聊天 chat online /网吧 cyber caf/internet bar33.evolve 进化 v. evolution 进化/ revolution 革命, 旋转/ involve 卷入,涉及-
9、involution 卷入,涉及34. indicator 指示器 / predictor 预测 /35.indicate 指示/ demonstrate 表明/ display 显示/exhibit 展示/betray 泄露36. therapist 临床医学家/ physician 内科医师/surgeon 外科医生/ dentist 牙科医生/ psychiatrist 精神病医师/pharmacist 药剂师 / herbalist 草药医生/ psychologist 心理学家/ oculist 眼科医生/ gynecologist 妇科医生/ expert 专家/ speciali
10、st 专家 38. commonest 共同的, 公共的,普通的/ frequent 时常发生的,频繁的40. 退化：degenerate 退化 / degrade (使)降级/堕落/ 退化(grade 等级 n.评分,评级 v.) / deteriorate 恶化/每况愈下 v.41. 分类：category 种类 / categorize 分类 v./ class 等级, 种类 n. / classify 分类, 分等 v. 42. consequence 后果/ subsequence 后继, 随后 n./ sequence 次序, 顺序=order 秩序/ frequency 频率43
11、.clash 冲突 /crash 坠毁 / crush 压碎, 碾碎 v. / crack 裂缝 n. 破裂 v./crisp 脆的, 易碎的 a./smash 打碎, 粉碎 n.v.44. substitution 代替 / substitute for 替换., 取代. / replace with/by替换/ alternative 选择性 a. 替代物. 46.孤立：isolate 使隔离 v./ alienate 疏远 v./ insulate 使绝缘, 隔离 / be alien to 外国的;与. 不同的47缺点：defect 过失, 缺点/ flaw 缺点/ failing 缺
12、点, 弱点 n. / disadvantage 缺点 n. /drawback 缺点, 障碍第 2 页 共 5 页/ fault 过错, 缺点/ imperfection 不完美/ weakness 弱点/ shortcoming 缺点, 短处48. 创新的：inventive 发明的 / innovative 创新的/ creative 创造性的/ ingenious 独创性的/novel 新颖的49neutral 中性的,中立的/negative 阴性的,否定, 消极 /positive 阳性的,肯定,积极50Ambiguous 模棱两可的 ,暧昧的 a. / ambiguity 含糊,不
13、明确 n./obscure 暗的,朦胧的,模糊的 municate 沟通,传达, 通报 /confer 协商 v. / correspond 协调, 通信 v. 52.accommodate 供.食宿；适应 ,调整(=adapt to) 容纳(=hold) mitment to sth 奉献；责任,义务54contribute to 导致=lead to 导致= result in = account for 说明, 占54.缺乏的,不足的：inadequate/ insufficient 不足的/ deficient 缺乏的 /lack (of)/ short (of)55.强调：empha
14、size 强调/ stress 强调/ highlight 使显著 / focus on/ concentrate on 集中56.对怀疑：(be) /skeptical 怀疑的= sceptical 怀疑的/dubious 可疑的/ suspicious (about/of) 可疑的58.臭命昭著的：notorious 声名狼籍的 a. / notoriety 恶名 / flagrant 臭名远扬的/ smelly 有臭味的/ odorous 有气味的59.机构，组织：association 协会/ structure 结构/organization 组织 64.dialect 方言 acc
15、ent 口音60.超过：exceed 超越, 胜过/ surpass 超越, 胜过/ outweigh 胜过，超过 / down the ages 自古以来61.岩浆：molten 熔化的 rock/ lava 熔岩/ magma 岩浆 62.语言：linguist 学家/ lingual 语言的/ bilingual 两国语言的63.多种多样的：diversity 多样性 / variety 多样性/ breed 品种, 种类/ species 种类 /breedn品种v繁殖/培养/造成65.开始的，初步的：begin/ launch 发行, 投放市场/ initial 开始的/ initi
16、ate 开始，发动/ initiative 起初的/ origin 起源 n.66.贫穷：poor/ in poverty 贫穷/ impoverished 穷困的 67.杰出：unusual 与众不同的/prominent 卓越的, prominence 杰出/ outstanding 显著的, distinguished，杰出的/ eminent(杰出的), eminence 卓越68.gene 基因/ genetic defect 遗传的缺陷/ anatomy 解剖/ conceive 构思, 怀孕 v./ deliver 送到, 分娩 v.70.演绎，推理：deductive 推论的
17、a. / inferential 推论性的 /a. inductive 诱导的, 归纳 a. / deductive 推论的 a./ induce 引导,归纳,引诱 v. / deduce 推论 v. / induction 归纳71.令人困惑的：bewildering 令人困惑的/ puzzling 使迷惑的/ perplexing 复杂的, 令人困惑的73.subsidize 辅助 / subsidy 补助，补贴/ subsidiary 辅助的, 补充的 77.the present century= modern society一些 a range of ; a variety of ;
18、 a series of ; an array of 一排/一群/一批（array 排列, 编队, 大批），range fromto许多 plenty of ; a great deal of ; a lot of ; ample 丰富的 / sufficient 充足的/ adequate 适当的, 足够的非常大的 tremendous(极大的/ 巨大的), enormous 巨大的, immense 极大的/ 巨大的 numerous 众多的/ 无数的;过时的 outdated ; outmoded 过时的 ; obsolete 荒废的 ; old-fashioned ; out of d
19、ate ; dated 陈旧的短暂的 ephemeral 朝生暮死的, 短暂的 ; transitory 短时间的 ; transient 短暂的, 瞬时的 ; short-lived初始的 preliminary 预备的,初步的/ rudimentary 基本的, 初步的/primary 主要的,初级的/ underdeveloped 不发达的可持久的 durable ; able to stand wear ; last a long time 目前 so far ; by far; to date 迄今为止;一再 time after time ; again and again 再三地
20、, 反复地 / 时常 often ; frequently 频繁地 ; repeatedly前述的 afore-mentioned 上述的, 前述的; aforesaid ; former; mentioned above;年轻人 young people ; youngster 年青人 ; youth 青年们 ; young adult; adolescent; the teenage;永远的 eternal 永恒的;everlasting; forever; endless; permanent; perpetual 永久的; lasting throughout life偶尔 once
21、in a while ; from time to time ; now and then ; at times; occasionally 正/反意见(opinion)：归咎 blameon ; put the blame on ; is to blame；骂：yell at 对.吼叫; reprimand 训斥 ; chide 斥责 ; scold 责骂 ; reprove 谴责；condemn 谴责 支持：support ; endorse 同意，签注(文件), 认可, 签署 ; back up 支持, 倒退; uphold 支持,赞成错的：mistaken ; erroneous 错误
22、的, 不正确的 ; wrong；incorrect；false 错事 wrongdoing 坏事; misbehavior 品行不端 做相反的 do the reverse 反面 of ; do the oppositeintegrate 使结合(with)/使并入(into) ；compose 写作/组成/作曲 v.；comprise 包含, 由.组成；compromise 妥协 v.瓦解 disintegrate (使)分解, (使)碎裂 ; decompose 分解, (使)腐烂;break up 打碎, 破碎; separate into small parts第 3 页 共 5 页我
23、们想信we are convinced that确信/承认; we are certain that /接受之美意 embrace the offer of愿意 I incline to; I am inclined to 倾向于; I am willing to; I tend to=prefer to /支持某一方 be in favor of; be on the side of在大家同意下 by common consent（同意）of 一致的 unanimous 意见一致的; consensus 一致同意,承认 admit; acknowledge 承认 ; confess 承认,坦
24、白, 忏悔; concede 承认,退让 /意见不和 clash(冲突) of opinion不愿承认be reluctant to admit sth / 否定 deny 拒绝 ; withhold 限制; negate 否定, 打消 恰当 appropriate 适当的 ; proper 正确的 ; suitable 适当的 ; adequate (充分的)不恰当 inappropriate ; improper ; unsuitable ; inadequate (不充分的, 不适当的)批判 criticize ; blame; find fault with 批评 ; make jud
25、gments of the merits (优点, 价值) and faults of有用的 be useful ; be of use; be serviceable; be good for; be instrumental 有帮助的（=helpful）; 有意义的 meaningful; implication 暗示; interpretation 解释 / 无意义的 pointless 无意义的; meaningless; worthless于事无补 be of no help; be of no avail 无效; be no use; be in vain 徒劳/ have a d
26、eep knowledge of对很了解使受益 benefit; do good to; is good for; is of great benefit to/内情 ins and outs; turns and twists 想法：frame of mind; mind set; the way one is thinking / 澄清 clarify 澄清 = make clear选择 choose; elect 推选; opt for 选择; pick 精选; single out 挑选 / 利用 use; take advantage of明显的：apparently 显然地 / p
27、atently 明白地, 公然地/ obviously 明显地/ evidently 明显地, 显然夸耀 brag(.吹牛) about; boast about 自夸; show off 炫耀 ; speak too highly of 赞扬 /分辨出 identify; recognize照顾 take care of; take charge of; attend to 专心, 注意, 照顾; watch over 看守, 监视对抗权威 stand up against authority; resist boldly(大胆地) the authority / 不惜代价 at all c
28、osts对有信心 have confidence in 说:articulate(发音清晰的); verbalize 描述; put in words; utter 古英语的说连系 get in touch with; contact with 排除这可能性 rule out the possibility/ be equivalent to 相当于.= equal 相等 v.发出 deliver; convey 传送; dispatch 分派; give out; hand over / 绕路 detour; take a detour; take a roundabout way禁止进入
29、be kept out; be barred from, be banned from /结果 result; aftermath 结果, 后果; consequence 结果 忽视: make little of 不重视; overlook 忽视; ignore 不理睬 ; neglect; disregard 漠视; give little care to 坏了 be out of order; be on the blink 出毛病; be not working / 避免 avoid; shun 避开; get around; circumvent 绕行amass 积聚; accumu
30、late 积累; heap/pile up; assemble 召集 / 以方式 by means of; by virtue of; by the use of 分别 distinguish between; make a distinction between; tell A from B /应该得到 deserve; have right to; is worthy of依靠 count on; depend on; rely on; rest on；base on; settle on /在于 lie in; rest on; rest with 取决于;存在 come to be;
31、come into existence; come to birth 产生 ; come into being / 准备brace for; prepare for 关键时刻 the critical moment / critical 关键的;vital 重大的;important; decisive 决定性的;crucial; pivotal 枢轴的/ 关键的; 考虑 consider; take into consideration; take into account 考虑到；in consideration of / by hook or by crook 不择手段发起:take t
32、he initiative 带头; initiate 开动; set going 使运转 / scrupulous 谨慎的; unscrupulously 肆无忌惮的;不算 exclusive of 除.外, 不计算在内 ; not counting; leaving out 省去, 遗漏, 不考虑 幻想 fantasy; fantastic idea; imagination.想法与作法 beliefs and practices 面对 in the face of 面对; in the presence of 在面前; confront with 面临;face to sth; 虽然 al
33、though; notwithstanding 虽然; albeit 虽然; though/除去 do away with; eliminate; remove; get rid of 根据 according to/on the basis of/on the ground of/that; in the light of; in line with; in accordance with, in terms of,逃避问题 evade the question 极端的 radical 根本的,基本的,激进的; extreme; drastic(极端的) drastic measures赔偿
34、 compensate for; giveas compensation for / 实现 carry out; implement; realize; makecome true剩下的 the rest 其余者; the remainder 剩余物; leftover 剩余物; what is left /优点 advantage; strength; strong point; benefit; merit 优点,价值/ virtue 美德换言之 in other words; put another way /简言之 put simply; in short; in brief; in
35、a nutshell 简单地 毕竟 after all; all in all/ 范围 extent; spectrum; scale; range; scope; realm 举例而言 for instance; for example; to illustrate; let us cite，an illustration; to cite a concrete case 特别是 especially; more than others; particularly; in particular 回馈 feedback第 4 页 共 5 页既然now that; seeing that/缺点
36、disadvantage; demerit; shortcoming; drawback; weakness幼稚 childish; childlike; naive /迹象 inkling 暗示; hint; clue; a slight suggestion缺少 for lack of; for a deficiency of / 行为 conduct; behavior; doings / 隔绝 isolate; insulate 不易懂的 elusive(难懂的, 难捉摸的 ); hard to understand 挑剔的 picky; choosy; fastidious观点 vi
37、ewpoint; point of view; perspective 观点, 看法; standpoint 正在进行中 is underway只是一种姿态 is merely a gesture 立场 position; stand; stance 姿态 意向 inclination; leaning; intention特权 privilege; a special right 一件事的不同说法 alternative statements of fact 交织 intertwine; interweave/好奇心 the eager desire to know; curiosity /
38、具体的 specific; concrete; tangible (切实的 )尊敬 respect; esteem 尊重,认为; think highly of 顽固的 headstrong; obstinate; stubborn 暗淡的 gloomy; dark; dim巨大的 huge; gigantic; colossal; vast; enormous; tremendous 探索 explore; fathom执行 carry out; execute; conduct 现代 modern times; modern age; contemporary age偏见 prejudic
39、e; bias; partiality 偏爱; predilection 偏爱，偏袒 无法避免的 unavoidable; inevitable混乱 chaos; commotion; confusion; disturbance 骚动, 动乱, 打扰; tumult 吵闹, 骚动, 拥挤, 混乱刻意的 intentional; on purpose; intended 了解acquaint oneself with 费时间去 take time to do无缺点的 flawless; airtight 密封的, 无懈可击的 无药可救 incurable /解药 a cure for; a r
40、emedy for; 细密的计划 elaborate plan；深思熟虑： after long deliberation; after careful thought / 来自 stem/ derive /come from取消 cancel; annul 废除, 取消; abolish 废除( 法律/ 制度/习俗等) / 谜 puzzle; riddle; enigma(谜, 不可思议的东西 ) 机会平等 equality of opportunity / 较有影响力的国家 a predominant (支配的, 主要的, 有影响的) country遵守 abide by; conform
41、 to; observe; comply with 热情的 passionate; ardent; zealous模糊的 ambiguous; vague; obscure 影响长远的 far-reaching 失望 despair; loss of hope; without hope破坏 destroy; ruin; break to pieces; devastate 毁坏 技巧的 skillful; adept 熟练的, 拿手的; dexterous 灵巧的警觉的 alert; watchful; on guard; wary of(机警的) 忍受 bear; put up with;
42、 endure; stand/古老的 old; ancient; 证据 evidence; facts; proof; grounds; testimony 证词 保护 protect; safeguard; preserve; shelter/古人 the ancients很容易地 easily; with little problem; with little hindrance 妨碍, 障碍 自满的 complacent 令人惊讶的 amazing; astonishing; astounding 令人惊骇的 生动的报导 vivid media coverage争取 compete fo
43、r; try hard to win 遗产 heritage; legacy; inheritance 揭露 reveal; make known; disclose了解 understand; comprehend; catch the meaning of; catch on /违反 infringe (on)( 破坏/侵犯); violate 放大 amplify 放大; magnify 放大; enlarge 扩大; extend 延伸; aggrandize 扩充 /使害怕 intimidate(恐吓,使胆怯); frighten动力 impetus 推动力, 促进; driving
44、 force; momentum 动力, 动量 /准确地说 to be exact; to be precise; precisely 第一流的 first-rate; excellent 安全处 refuge 避难所; asylum 收容所; haven 港口, 避难所; sanctuary 避难所短视的决定 short-sighted decision 真正的 genuine 真正的; authentic; real / enliven 使生气的, 使活泼生动怪异的 eccentric; peculiar; odd 明显的 distinct; clear; explicit; obviou
45、s /醒悟 it dawned on me that (渐渐被理解)得到的注意 capture ones attention 事事干涉的 meddlesome; interfering 背景 setting; background假的 fake; false; counterfeit(赝品, 伪造) 退步 setback(顿挫, 挫折, 退步) /乍看之下 at first glance一般而言 in general; generally speaking; by and large /一次就可完成的事 one-time event评估社会文化因素 assess /evaluate socia
46、l cultural factors /满于现状 be happy with what you are 可互换的 interchangeable 可与相比 is comparable with (to) / 普遍的 prevailing; common; prevalent(流行的 )是个对比 is a sharp contrast to 比作 is likened to; is compared to /每况愈下 from bad to worse多样化的 heterogeneous(不同种类的);单一性的 homogeneous(同类的, 相似的, 均一的) 另一个观点是 another
47、way of looking at the matter is 不宜取笑 it is not decent 高雅的 to make fun of那并非说 that does not mean that 有这回事 there is such thing as 取得同意get the go-ahead to一个有待克服的困难是 a major hurdle(篱笆/跨栏) for us to overcome is /这方法有陷阱 the method had pitfalls:第 5 页 共 5 页以此标准来算 by this criterion; 复数 criteria; by this sta
48、ndard /由组成 is made up of; is comprised of; consist由造成 caused by; attributable to; due to; resulting from / 有资格的 qualified;无资格的 disqualified必须从两方面考虑此问题 this problem needs to be considered on two dimensions: 限制 limit; restrict; refrain; restrain; keep within limits; confine; keep in check /重整办事优先顺序 reshape priorities conventional 传统的/无法估计 is beyond calculation; incalculable/说服 convince 使信服; persuade; cause to
