山东省孟县2017高考英语一轮复习 暑假阅读类演练（打包8套）.zip

1山西孟县 2017 高考英语暑假（一轮）阅读类选练完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。 People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “ hello. ” After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to 1 the way I was doing things.My 2 came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl who 3 her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way. However, when I had to 4 because I stupidly forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself. No one had stopped to 5 her.“OK,” I thought to myself, “this is where I should have changed.”My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man 6 by himself waiting for the library to open, so I sat down next to him and began a 7 . It was difficult to get started, and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every 8 from my new friend had a tone (语气) of doubt in it. And who could blame him?People aren’t used to making an 9 chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how 10 it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. I 11 you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter. Together, we can really make society come 12 as a whole.( ) 1. A. change B. explain C. learn D. show( ) 2. A. trouble B. doubt C. wish D. opportunity( ) 3. A. took B. dropped C. got D. pulled ( ) 4. A. come out B. stand by C. go back D. turn up ( ) 5. A. please B. greet C. help D. praise ( ) 6. A. sitting B. walking C. riding D. running ( ) 7. A. discussing B. lesson C. report D. conversation ( ) 8. A. joke B. response C. cry D. story ( ) 9. A. unchangeable B. unprepared C. unforgettable D. unfinished ( ) 10. A. desperately B. frequently C. simply D. widely ( ) 11. A. allow B. warm C. order D. advise ( ) 12. A. later B. straighter C. closer D. slower2文章大意：本文是记叙文。文章通过作者记叙自己在社区图书馆的经历，来劝告人们通过尝试与陌生人交流来增进彼此之间的关系。1. C 考查动词。根据文章，作者在思考了社区内人与人之间距离逐渐疏远这一现象后，决定改变之前的行为，值得注意的是，后文即对作者的行为进行描述，会发现第三段的最后一词即为 change 符合前后对应原则。2. D 考察名词，一天早上，当我在社区图书馆的时候，我的…出现了。可以通过理解打出答案3. B 考察动词。对应后文 pick up,可知小女孩之前是将书掉落，选 dropped4. C 考察短语。根据文意，作者后来发现没人帮助小女孩，说明作者必定重新返回原来的地方5.答案 C。考察动词。前文 someone else 和后文的 no one 对应，所以动作也应该对应，所以选 help。6.答案 A。考察动词。后文 so 是解题点，说明作者的动作与男人的动作一致，故选 sitting。7.答案 D。考察名词。第 44 题后面一个词 chat 即为本题答案，因此选 chat 的同义词 conversion。8.答案 B 考察名词。文章说我的新朋友的每…中都显示出怀疑的语气。首先 joke，cry，和 story 文中均未提及，直接排除，选 response。9. B 考查形容词。文章说，人们对于一个陌生人并不习惯于进行…的交谈。此句是由前文作者对于陌生人的反应而总结出来的。前文作者对于陌生人的交谈很不顺利，如何开始如何结束都显得十分困难，因此本题应该选择与困难相近的词，纵观备选项 unprepared 未准备好的，符合文章。10. A 考察副词，文章说，无论和陌生交谈方式改变的需要无论是…，它都不会发生。此题单纯从文章理解比较困难，建议用排除法。frequently, simply, widely 这三个选项均不是文章讨论的内容，可以排除，剩下答案 desperately 十分，非常地修饰这种需要的迫切程度11. D 考查动词。最后一段作者针对与陌生人疏远这种情况，建议人们努力改善，答案容易得出。12. C 对应第一段的 apart, 此处应选择相对应的反义词，closer.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。You’re in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at a sweater. You listen to their conversation: “I can’t believe it—a Lorenzo Bertolla!They are almost impossible to find. Isn’t it 3beautiful? And it’s a lot cheaper than the one Sara bought in Rome.”They leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater. It’s nice and the price is right. You’ve never heard of Lorenzo Bertolla, but those girls looked really stylish. They must know. So, you buy it. You never realize that those young women are employees of an advertising agency. They are actually paid to go from store to store, talking loudly about Lorenzo Bertolla clothes. Every day we notice what people are wearing, driving and eating. If the person looks cool, the product seems cool, too. This is the secret of undercover marketing. Companies from Ford to Nike are starting to use it. Undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that don’t pay attention to traditional advertising. This is particularly true of the MTV generation—consumers between the age of 18 and 34. It is a golden group. They have a lot of money to spend, but they don’t trust ads. So advertising agencies hire young actors to “perform”in bars and other places where young adults go. Some people might call this practice deceptive (骗人的), but marketing executive Jonathan Ressler calls it creative. “Look at traditional advertising. Its effectiveness is decreasing.”However, one might ask what exactly is “real” about of young women pretending to be enthusiastic about a sweater? Advertising executives would say it’s no less real than an ad. The difference is that you know an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something. You don’t know when a conversation you overhear is just a performance. 1. The two attractive young women were talking so that they could______. A. get the sweater at a lower price B. be heard by people aroundC. be admired by other shoppers D. decide on buying the sweater2. Lorenzo Bertolla is______. 4A. a very popular male singer B. an advertising agencyC. a clothing company in Rome D. the brand name of a sweater3. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. The two girls are in fact employed by the Lorenzo Bertolla Company. B. The MTV generation tends to be more easily influenced by ads. C. Traditional advertising is becoming less effective because it’s too direct. D. Undercover marketing will surely be banned soon by the government. 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. Two Attractive Shoppers B. Lorenzo Bertolla SweatersC. Ways of Advertising D. Undercover Marketing【参考答案】1—4、BDCD 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Photos that you might have found down the back of your sofa are now big business!In 2005, the American artist Richard Prince’s photograph of a photograph, Untitled (Cowboy), was sold for $ 1, 248, 000. Prince is certainly not the only contemporary artist to have worked with so-called “found photographs”—a loose term given to everything from discarded(丢弃的) prints discovered in a junk shop to old advertisements or amateur photographs from a stranger’s family album. The German artist Joachim Schmid, who believes “basically everything is worth looking at”, has gathered discarded photographs, postcards and newspaper images since 1982. In his on-going project, Archiv, he groups photographs of family life according to themes: 5people with dogs; teams; new cars; dinner with the family; and so on.Like Schmid, the editors of several self-published art magazines also champion (捍卫) found photographs. One of them, called simply Found, was born one snowy night in Chicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper(雨刷) an angry note intended for some else: “Why’s your car HERE at HER place?” The note became the starting point for Rothbard’s addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such a poster discovered in our drawer. The whole found-photograph phenomenon has raised some questions. Perhaps one of the most difficult is: can these images really be considered as art? And if so, whose art? Yet found photographs produced by artists, such Richard Prince, may riding his horse hurriedly to meet someone? Or how did Prince create this photograph? It’s anyone’s guess. In addition, as we imagine the back-story to the people in the found photographs artists, like Schmid, have collated (整理), we also turn toward our own photographic albums. Why is memory so important to us? Why do we all seek to freeze in time the faces of our children, our parents, our lovers, and ourselves? Will they mean anything to anyone after we’ve gone?64. The first paragraph of the passage is used to _________. A. remind readers of found photographs B. advise reader to start a new kind of business C. ask readers to find photographs behind sofa D. show readers the value of found photographs 65. According to the passage, Joachim Schmid _________. A. is fond of collecting family life photographs B. found a complaining not under his car wiperC. is working for several self-published magazines D. wondered at the artistic nature of found photographs66. The underlined word “them” in Para 4 refers to __________. A. the readers B. the editors C. the found photographs D. the self-published magazines 67. By asking a series of questions in Para 5, the author mainly intends to indicate that ________. A. memory of the past is very important to people6B. found photographs allow people to think freely C. the back-story of found photographs is puzzlingD. the real value of found photographs is questionable 68. The author’s attitude towards found photographs can be described as _________. A. critical B. doubtful C. optimistic D. satisfied 【参考答案】 64.D 65.A 66.D 67.B 68.C阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。The Taj Mahan (泰姬陵) is a love story，a sad and beautiful one.If it didn’t exist，we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale.Three hundred years ago，there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan.His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly.Her title was Mumtazl Mahan：its shortened form Taj Mahan，means “pride of the palace”.In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died.He was so broken­hearted that he thought of giving up his throne.He decided out of his love for his wife，to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen.He summoned the best artists and architects from India，Turkey，Persia and Arabia and finally，the design was complete.It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahan，one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. The building itself stands on a marble.Platform 29 meters square and 6­7 meters high.Towers rise from each of the four corners.The Taj itself soars another 61 meters into the air.It is an eight­sided building made of white marble.The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble for himself on the other side of the river connected by a silver bridge.However his son put him into a prison in the palace before he could finish，and for the rest of his life，he could only gaze across river at the tomb of his beloved wife.1.The whole passage tells us about________.A.a beautiful fairy taleB.the story of the Taj MahanC.white and black marble tombs made for two emperorsD.the love story of emperor Shah Jahan and his wife72.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Taj Mahan? A.It was completed quickly owing to the efforts of the best artists and workers.B.A lot of people took part in the building work. C.It is a magnificent building.D.It is a tomb for the emperor’s beloved wife.3.The emperor’s own tomb was designed to be________.A.61 meters high B.eight­sidedC.black­colored D.white­colored4.The emperor________.A.died soon after Taj Mahan diedB.was killed by his sonC.was beloved by his peopleD.died after 16481.After school I couldn’t help sharing what had happened in the morning with our headmaster.(完形填空倒数第二段第一句)放学后，我禁不住地与校长分享今天上午的事。(1)She couldn’t help smiling.她禁不住地笑了起来。(2)She couldn’t help envying Helen.她不由地妒忌海伦。(3)He knows nothing about it，so he can’t help to do any of your work.他什么也不知道，所以不能帮你的工作。 2.The next morning，however，I found out that almost everyone had forgotten this matter except Willard Franklin.(完形填空第三段第一句)第二天早晨，我却发现除了 Willard Franklin，其他人都忘记了这件事。(1)The restaurant is open every day except Monday.这家饭店除星期一外，每天都营业。(2)I can answer all the questions except for the last.除了最后一个，我可以回答所有的问题。(3)There will be five of us for dinner，besides John. 除约翰外还有我们五个人要一起吃饭。 (4)Everyone was there but him.除了他之外，所有的人都在。3.If it didn’t exist，we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply 8a fairy tale.(阅读理解第一段第二句) 如果(泰姬陵)不存在，我们就会把它的修建故事轻易地想象成一个简单的神话故事。(1)Imagine that you are in London.想象一下你正在伦敦吧。(2)I can’t imagine that anyone cares what I do.我想不出谁会关心我的所作所为。(3)I imagine he’ll be there.我猜他会到那儿去。【参考答案】1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Museum of the Moving Image(MMI)(Monday Closed)As the best museum in New York City and with a balance of hands-on(实际操作的)activities and information, it’s the rare bird that can entertain and educate people of different ages. It’s a perfect destination for a family trip of a couple hours.Pros—Excellent movie screenings. Easy subway access.Cons—Difficult to reach by Car.New York Hall of Science(NYHS)(Monday Closed)Being New York City’s only hand son science and technology center, it is an interactive science museum focusing on its audience of children. It has the most hands-on exhibits in an NYC museum, and it’s a fun destination for ages 5 and up. Older folks might take great interest in the NASA rockets outside the museum, but don’t bother unless you’ve kids to keep you company.Pros—Cool interactive science exhibits, the rockets.Cons—Hard to reach by public transportation.Queens County Farm Museum(QCFM)(Year-round 7 days a week)It is an actual farm in New York City and home to animals your kids can feed 9and a yard full of a climbing plant whose fruit can be made into wine. Good chance to meet sheep, goats, pigs, chickens and cows! The animals are mostly readily accessible to visitors. And the museum sells feed for young hands willing to get licked by sheep and goats.Pros—Outdoor fun.Cons—Expensive festivals, long bus ride, no subway.Queens Museum of Art(QMA)(Monday and Tuesday Closed)Opened in 1972 to serve as a cultural center in New York City, it exhibits art by local and international artists. Its best exhibits are on the two World’s Fairs. and of course,the Panorama of New York City, a giant , highly detailed diorama(透景画)of all five New York City boroughs. 行政区)Pros—The Panorama, Great gift shop. Easy subway access.Cons—Not much for kids.9．The least likely choice for 5-year-old Jack to make among the museums is______.A．T MMI B．T NYHS C．QMA D．QCFM10 According to the text, which of the following is NOT true?A．All the museums mentioned above lie in New York City.B．No other museum in New York City is better than MMI.C．Lucky visitors can see grapes in one of the museums.D．NYHS has the most hands-on activities in America.11．We can know from the text that______.A．visitors can pay a visit to all the museums by subway B．people can visit only one of the any dayC．there is often a rare bird flying in the sky above MMID．the Panorama is, as a matter of fact, a great gift shop12．In which museum can you enjoy outdoor fun?]A．MMI. B．NYHS. C．QCFM. D．QMA.【参考答案】 9—12 CDBC 1山西孟县 2017 高考英语暑假（一轮）阅读类选练完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color?”I thought for a minute, and then I said, “I’ll explain, 1 you can just wait until we make a quick 2 at the grocery store. I have something 3 to show you. ”At grocery store, we 4 some apples --- red, green and yellow ones. Back home, I told Adam, “It’s time to 5 your question.” I put one apple of each 6 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 7 look on his face. “People are like apples. They come in all 8 colors, shapes and sizes. On the 9 , some of the apples may not 10 look as the others. ” As I was talking, Adam was 11 each one carefully. Then, I took each of the apples and peeled（削皮）them, 12 them back on the table, but 13 a different place. “Okay, Adam, tell me which is which.”He said, “I 14 tell. They all look same now. ” “Take a bite of 15 . See if that helps you 16 which one is which. ”He took 17 , and then a huge smile came cross his face. . ”People are 18 like apples! They are all different, but once you 19 the outside, they’re pretty much the same on the inside. ”He totally 20 it. I didn’t need to say or do anything else. ( ) 1. A. although B. so C. because D. if ( ) 2. A. stop B. start C. turn D. stay ( ) 3. A. expressive B. encouraging C. informative D. interesting ( ) 4. A. bought B. counted C. saw D. collected ( ) 5. A. check B. mention C. answer D. improve ( ) 6. A. size B. type C. shape D. class ( ) 7. A. worried B. satisfied C. proud D. curious ( ) 8. A. ordinary B. normal C. different D. regular ( ) 9. A. outside B. whole C. table D. inside ( ) 10. A. still B. even C. only D. ever ( ) 11. A. examining B. measuring C. drawing D. packing 2( ) 12. A. keeping B. placing C. pulling D. giving ( ) 13. A. on B. toward C. for D. in ( ) 14. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t ( ) 15. A. each one B. each other C. the other D. one another ( ) 16. A. admit B. consider C. decide D. believe( ) 17. A. big bites B. deep breaths C. a firm hold D. close look ( ) 18. A. just B. always C. merely D. seldom( ) 19. A. put away B. get down C. hand out D. take off ( ) 20. A. made B. took C. got D. did 21. D 所填词引导宾语从句，意思是：是否，选 D。22. A 所填名词与谓语动词 make 构成短语，意思是：做短暂的停留。Make a start：开始，起程；make a turn：轮流；make a stay：待在某地，都与题干意思不符。23. D expressive：表达的；encouraging：奖励的，可鼓励的；informative：提供消息的；interesting：令人感兴趣的，有趣的。本句意思是：我有有趣的东西展示给你看。选 D。24. A 由 grocery store 可知此处选 A。25. C 本句意思是：现在到了回答你的问题的时间了。选 C。26. B size：大小；type：类型；shape：形状；class：群。本句意思是：我从每种（类型）的苹果拿出一个，放在桌子上。选 B。27. D 句意是：Adam 好奇地看这我。选 D。28. C 由空前的 all 可以推断出此处选 C。29. A 由后文中的 outside 可知此处选 A。30. B 所填词修饰动词 look，意思是：甚至，选 B。31. A 句子意思是：Adam 仔细的查看了每一个苹果。选 A。32. B 此处是非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是主动关系，且非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，用 v-ing 的一般式。33. D 所填介词与后文的名词 place 构成短语，意思是：在……地方，选 D。34. B 本句意思是：我不能识别。此处情态动词表能力，选 B。35. A 句意是：每个尝一口。选 A。36. C admit：承认；consider：考虑，认为；decide：决定；believe：相信。根据句意选 C。37. A 根据前文的 take a bite if…可知此处选 A。38. A 此处是肯定句，所填词意思是：很，仅仅，选 A。always 意思是：总是；merely：只，仅仅，3常用与否定句中；seldom：很少，都与句意不附。39. D put away：收好；储存；get down：写下，记下；hand out：分发；take off：起飞；脱掉，去掉；名声大振。句子意思是：但是一旦去掉其外皮，……。选 D。40.C Sb got it 意思是：他完全理解了。选 C。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A,B,C 或 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A Train Floating On AirA train that floats on air? It’s not magic — it’s magnets (磁). And it’s close to reality. In Virginia USA the fall of 2002, a train with no wheels traveled on air and carried college students across their campus. In Japan, a whisper-quiet railway engine hovered and raced at 350 miles per hour using magnets and electricity as the power. And in China, a magnet train line linked Shanghai with nearby Pudong Airport. These trains use magnetic levitation (悬浮) technology, “maglev” for short. They use the same rules as the magnets you pick up at home or school: opposite poles of magnets attract each other, and like poles repel each other. How does it work? Powerful magnets on the bottom of the train repel magnets on the track, which is actually just a magnet-filled guiding way. With a magnetic field of sufficient force, the train will go hovering on air, which seemed impossible to us in the past. When an electrical current is sent through the track, the train moves. Turn the current backwards and the train slows down. Maglev doesn’t rely on the friction (摩擦力) of wheels on track, so it can climb a much steeper hill than a traditional train. And it can travel easily in snow and ice, something 4that could bring normal trains to a screaming stop. 1. This passage is about . A. maglev B. magnets C. levitation D. electricity2. Which of the following is a repelling action? A. ⇨⇦ B. ⇦⇨ C. ⇧⇧ D. ⇩⇩3. What can we learn from the text? A. A magnet-filled guiding way is formed inside a maglev train. B. Instead of electricity, magnets are used as the power of a maglev. C. Maglev trains can climb hills with the help of magnet wheels. D. Electric currents decide the movements of a maglev train. 4. What is the difference between a maglev train and an ordinary train? A. A maglev train can climb mountains without power while an ordinary one can’t. B. A maglev train can travel in college campus while an ordinary train is not allowed. C. Traveling without a track, a maglev train is safer and smoother than an ordinary one. D. Floating on a track, a maglev train is faster, quieter than an ordinary railway train. 【参考答案】1—4、ABDD 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Mini Book Excerpts(节选)BiographyWhen Salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the land, the middle­aged writer was shocked and quickly bought the neighboring area to protect it… The townspeople never 5forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor.J．D.Salinger：A Life by Kenneth Slawenski(Random House, $27)Mystery(疑案小说)“You're a smart boy. Benny's death was no accident, and you're the only one who saw it happen. Do you think the murderer should get away with it？”The boy was staring stubbornly at his lap again.A thought suddenly occurred to Annika.“Did you…You recognized the man in the car, didn't you？”The boy hesitated, twisting his fingers.“Maybe， ”he said quietly.Red Wolf by Liza Marklund(Atria Books, $25.99)Short StoriesShe wants to say to him what she has learned, none of it in class: Some women are born stupid, and some women are too smart for their own good. Some women are born to give, and some women only know how to take. Some women learn who they want to be from their mothers, some who they don't want to be. Some mothers suffer so their daughters won't.Some mothers love so their daughters won't.You Are Free by Danzy Senna(Riverhead Books, $15)HumorDo your kids like to have fun? Come to Fun Times! Do you like to watch your kids having fun? Bring them to Fun Times! Fun Times！'s “amusement cycling” is the most fun you can have, legally, in the United States right now. Why spend thousands of dollars flying to Disney World when you can spend less than half of that within a day's drive of most cities?Happy：And Other Bad Thoughtsby Larry Doyle (Ecco, $14.99)56．If the readers want to know about the life of Salinger, they should buy the book published by ________.A．Ecco B．Atria BooksC．Riverhead Books D．Random House57．The book Happy: And Other Bad Thoughts is intended for ________.A．young children B．Disney World workersC．middle school teachers D．parents with young children58．Which book describes women with characters of their own?A．Happy：And Other Bad Thoughts B．J.D.Salinger：A LifeC．You Are Free D．Red Wolf659．After finishing the book Red Wolf, the readers would learn that ________.A．the boy helped arrest the murdererB．Benny died of an accidentC．the murderer got away with the crimeD．Annika carried out the crime【要点综述】本文是广告阅读。全文是四本书里面精彩部分的节选，每本书后面都标明了价格，目的是推销这些书。56. D 细节理解题。这是针对第一则广告设计的问题。从第一则广告的 When Salinger learned that…我们知道，如果读者想知道 Salinger 的生活，就要买 Random House 出版的这本自传。本题中，题干部分的 Salinger 是关键。其他广告都没有提到 Salinger 这个人，因此可以排除。57. D 推理判断题。本题是针对第四则广告设计的问题。从 Do you like to watch your kids having fun？我们知道，这是写给父母的。再结合里面的 Disney World 我们更能确定答案。58. C 细节理解题。这是针对第三则广告设计的问题。这一部分提出了妇女的性格各异。59. A 推理判断题。这是针对第二则广告设计的问题。从文章中的 “Maybe， ” he said quietly 我们知道，他会帮助抓住杀人犯的。Annika 是分析案情的人，不是凶手，故排除 D 项。从文章中分析，杀人犯不会逍遥法外，他们会把他抓住的，因此排除 C；从 Benny’s death was no accident 我们可以排除 B。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly，setting our brains on auto­pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting creatures， ”William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever­changing 21st century，even the word“habit”carries a negative meaning.So it seems contradictory to talk about habits in the same context as innovation (创新)．But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits ，we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new，innovative tracks.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact，the more new things we try, the more creative we become.But don't bother trying to kill off old habits；once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain，they're there to stay. Instead，the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.“The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder， ” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide’ ，just as our president 7calls himself ‘the Decider’. ”She adds, however，that“to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”“All of us work through problems in ways of which we're unaware， ” she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the ability to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, collaboratively (合作地) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence，however, the brain shuts down half of that ability, preserving only those ways of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us use our innovative and collaborative ways of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system—that anyone can do anything, ” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will.and Ms. Markova's business partner. “That's a lie that we have preserved，and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you're good at and doing even more of it creates excellence. ”This is where developing new habits comes in.本文论述了创新思维与有意识培养新习惯之间的关系。17．Brain researchers have discovered that ________.A. the forming of new habits can be guidedB. the development of habits can be predictedC. the regulation of old habits can be transformedD. the track of new habits can be created unconsciously答案：A。事实细节题。由第三段首句“Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.”可知 A 项正确。18．The underlined word “ruts” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________.A. zones B. connectionsC. situations D. tracks答案：D。词义猜测题。由画线词所在的第四段中的信息词 pathway(路，径)和 road(路，道路)可推测出D 项正确。track 路，路径，轨迹。19．Which of the following statements most probably agrees with Dawna Markova's view?A. Decision makes no sense in choices.B. Curiosity makes creative minds active.C. Creative ideas are born of a relaxing mind.D. Formation of innovation comes from fantastic ideas.答案：B。推理判断题。由第五段首句和尾句尤其是“The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder(创新的第一要素是好奇)”可推断出 B 项正确。820．The purpose of the author writing this article is to persuade us ________.A. to give up our traditional habits deliberatelyB. to create and develop new habits consciouslyC. to resist the application of standardized testingD. to believe that old habits conflict with new habits答案：B。主旨大意题。总览文章可知，作者认为创新和新习惯的养成在很多方面是相通的，从而试图说服我们去有意识地创新和培养新习惯。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States.It is a network of offices，some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population，and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the right to a place to call home.According to the Coalition's studies，of over two hundred million people living in the United States，up to three million are homeless—and the number is still growing.Since the late 1970s，fast­rising house prices，large cuts in government supported housing programs，and economic recession(经济衰退) have made it impossible for many Americans to meet housing costs.Sadly，this has resulted in a number of persons being forced to leave their homes and/or unable to find new affordable homes.According to another research，families with children appear to be the fastest­growing part of the homeless population，making up 39% of it.The old idea of a homeless person，that of the single man who gets drunk all the time，is no longer true.A much larger part of the population now finds itself homeless.Even worse，once a person becomes homeless，he often finds it impossible to find a job，since most employers require anyone who wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job application.本文记叙了无家可归者联盟试图帮助解决无家可归人的需要。为他们提供食物和房屋，为他们的权力而战。从二十世纪七十年代以来，由于房价上升，政府支持减少，经济衰退，使无家可归者越来越多，更糟的是，他们找不到工作。17．The underlined word “address” in the first line probably means “______” ．A．talk about B．deal withC．fight for D．write to答案：B。词义猜测题。从下文可知，该联盟提供给无家者食物，房子，即表明该联盟在努力满足和解决无家者的需求。故 B 项正确。18．How many people are homeless in the U．S.according to the Coalition studies?9A．39% of the population. B．200 million people.C．About 3 million people. D．About one­fifth of the population.答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第三句话可知，美国有两亿人口，其中有多达三百万人无家可归，且这个数还在上升。19．Homeless people often have difficulty finding a job because______.A．they have no home addressesB．they mostly have a drinking problemC．they aren't supported by government programsD．they often don't have enough work experience答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文最后一句可知，因为大多数雇主要求找工作的人在申请表上填上家庭住址，所以无家可归者发现他们不可能找到工作。20．What is the main cause of the rising number of the homeless in the U．S.?A．The passing of new housing laws. B．The fast growth of family size.C．The slow construction of houses. D．The ever­rising price of housing.答案：D。细节理解题。根据第四句话可知，从 20 世纪 70 年代，房价快速增长，使许多美国人不可能满足住房费用，从而使更多的人无家可归。