（通用版）2016版高一英语暑假作业（含解析）（打包15套）.zip

1专题 01 被动语态【理论回顾】一、主动语态和被动语态1. 英语共有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。二者都是用来说明 与之间的逻辑关系。2. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态说明主语是动作的。二、被动语态形式时态 主动语态结构 被动语态结构一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+ done一般过去时 did was/were+done现在进行时 am/is/are+doing am/is/are+过去进行时 was/were+doing was/were+一般将来时 shall/will+be/do shall/will++done过去将来时 would+be/do would+ +done现在完成时 have/has+done have/has++done过去完成时 had+done had++done三、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换Wevisitedthat factorylast summer. 主动语态主语 谓语 宾语 状语That factorywas visitedby uslast summer. 被动语态主语 谓语 宾语 状语四、被动语态条件1. 语义的需要：当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态。如：The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. (不知谁打破的)They have been poorly paid.他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的)2. 强调的需要：突出或强调动作的承受者。如：2These books are written especially for children. (强调的是“这些书”)3. 交际的需要：为了使语言得体或圆滑等不愿意说出动作的执行者。如：You are requested to make a speech at next meeting.请您在下次会议上作个发言。It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 据说她要嫁给一个外国人。五、主动语态变被动语态的注意事项1.主动句中的主语为 people,we，you,they 等含糊表示“人们”、“大家”的单词，变主动句时，通常删除 by，但原主语被强调者除外。2.含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语。但多以间接宾语作主语。【想一想】英语中在哪些情况下会用主动形式表被动含义？【练一练】1、判断主动句与被动句1. He has finished the work .2. Many English words have been learned by her .3. He often tells us interesting stories . 4. She is often heard to sing this popular song .2、将以下主动句变为被动句1. People speak English in many countries.2. We built this bridge last year.3. Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.4. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.5. They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.3、选择题3( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened( )3.Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives( )6.How many trees ____ this year?A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. Planted( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known( )10.Who _____ this book _____?A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written4、用正确的时态和语态填空1. Nearly everybody here （know）when the old museum （build）.2. The building can （see）from every part of the city ; It （build）many years ago .43. Yesterday Tom （tell）me that his bike （break）last week .4. The students often （tell）to take care of their desks and chairs .5. Now he （be）asked if the meeting （hold）next Friday .6. It is known to all that the moon （turn）round the earth .7. Miss Li often （use）a recorder in her English class. But she （not use）it tomorrow .8. Vegetables , eggs and fruits （sell）in this shop .9. The pictures （take）by Jack tomorrow .10. The song （like）by us all twenty years ago .【乐一乐】被动语态顺口溜一般现、过用 be done，be 有人称、时、数变完成时态 have done，被动将 been 加中间一般将来 shall (will) do，被动变 do 为 be done将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing现、过进行 be doing, 被动 be 加 being done情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变否定助后加 not，疑问一助置主前主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前一般情助加 be done，双宾多将间宾变复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变567891专题 02 定语从句【理论回顾】一、定语和定语从句1. 定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明_____________的品质与特征的。主要有______________，此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语） 、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的_____________都可以作定语。 汉语中常用“……的”表示。例如：a beautiful girl 一个 美丽的 女孩定语 定语2. 定语从句：由__________关系代词或关系副词）引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的 __________，相当于形容词，所以又称为 __________，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。例如：There is a ladywho wants to see you.It was the largest mapthat I ever saw.That is the reasonwhy we must go now.He has a friendwhose father is a doctor.二、定语从句的构成要素被定语从句修饰的词叫__________代替先行词并引导定语从句的连接词叫__________修饰先行词的句子叫__________关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that 关系词关系副词 when, where, why 例如：The boyswhoare playing football are from Class One.先行词 关系词 从句All that can be done has been done. The classroomwhosedoor is broken will soon be repaired.2I don’t know the reasonwhyhe looks unhappy today.3、关系词分分类和功能关系代词指示对象作用 例句that 人、物主、宾 The student that answered the question was John.The book（that）you lent me was interesting.which 物 主、宾 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. who 人 主（宾） A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. The man（who ）you met just now is my friend. whom 人 宾 The man (whom) you met just now is my friend. Mr. Ling is just the boy（whom）I want to see. whose 人、物定 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. 关系副词指示对象作用 例句when 时间 状语 I'll never forget the days when I worked with you.3【想一想】Tom is one of the students in our class who are invited to the meeting.Tom is the only one of the students in our class who is invited to the meeting.这两个句子意思上有什么区别？为什么在定语从句中，两个谓语动词形式不一样呢？【练一练】一、用定语从句将两句话改写为一句话例：She is a girl. The girl is beautiful.She is a girl who is beautiful._________________________________1. She is a girl. We all like the girl._____________________________________________________________ 2. This is a book. The book is new.____________________________________________________________ 3. I have a friend. Her name is Jenny._____________________________________________________________4. I got a job. The reason was that I worked hard. _____________________________________________________________5. The day was one of the happiest day of my life. Mary told me what to do and helped me on that day._____________________________________________________________二、选择题1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? The time when we got together finally came.where 地点 状语 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.Shanghai is the city where I was born.why 原因 状语 Please tell me the reason why you missed theplane.He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset.4A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 7. He talked a lot about things and persons ______they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 8. You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it. A. who;/ B./; whomC. whom;/ D./; who 9. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing. A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 10. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed 三、填空题1. This is the mountain villageI visited last year. 2.The manyou met just now is my friend.3. This magazine belongs to the teacherteaches us history.4. I still remember the day I first came to the school.5. The house I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.四、判断正误并改错1. This is the factory where his father built. 2. The news what he told me is not true.53. That is the reason why you gave at the meeting. 4. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who is working in China.5.I shall never forget those years which I lived in the farm which you visited last week.【乐一乐】Mr. and Mrs. Taylor had a seven year old boy named Pat. Now Mrs. Taylor was expecting another child. Pat had seen babies in other people's houses and had not liked them very much, so he was not delighted about the news that there was soon going to be one in his house too.One evening Mr. and Mrs. Taylor were making plans for the baby's arrival. “This house won't be big enough for us all when the baby comes,”said Mr. Taylor. Pat came into the room just then and said, “What are you talking about?”“We were saying that we'll have to move to an other house now, because the new baby's coming,”his mother answered. “ It's no use,”said Pat hopelessly. “ He'll follow us there.”泰勒夫妇有一个七岁的男孩，名叫帕特。现在泰勒太太正怀着第二胎。 帕特在别人家看见过婴儿，他不太喜欢他们，所以他对自己家里也将有一个婴儿的消息感到不满。一天晚上，泰勒夫妇正在为这个婴儿的降生计划做安排。泰勒先生说：“有了婴儿，我们的房子就太小，不够住了。 ”帕特恰好在这个时候走进屋，他问：”你们在说什么？”他的母亲回答说：“我们在说我们现在得搬家，因为婴儿就要诞生了。 ”“那没用， ”帕特绝望地说。 “他会跟我们到那儿去的。 ”6789101专题 03限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句【理论回顾】一、定语从句的分类________________ 定语从句定语从句________________ 定语从句限制性定语从句：Yesterday I received a letter which came from Australia. I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.非限制性定语从句：His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.2、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别区别一：形式不同 限定性定语从句主句和从句之间________逗号隔开；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常_______逗号隔开。区别二：功能不同 限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意_____________________；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意____________________。如： People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整) 区别三：翻译不同 在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如： He is the man whose car was stolen. 2他就是汽车被窃的那个人。 I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。区别四：关系词不同 关系词 that和 why可用于__________定语从句中，通常不用于__________定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时_________省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律____________。区别五：先行词不同限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词、名词词组或代词，而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是___________；另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用___________定语从句，而不用_______________定语从句。如： He changed his mind, which made me very angry. (which指整个主句)Mr. Smith, who is our boss, will leave for Japan next week. (先行词为专有名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰) Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad. (先行词为表独一无二意义的普通名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰) 【想一想】例题 1：On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 例题 2：On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 例题 3：On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 例题 4：On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking. 3A. their B. whose C. which D. that 例题 5：On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 例题 6：On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that【练一练】1、判断哪些为限制性定语从句，哪些为非限制性定语从句1. Our guide, who was a French Canadian, was an excellent cook.2. The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth.3. Mr Smith, from whom I have learned a lot, is a famous scientist.4. He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true.5. All that you have done is not necessary.二、选择题1. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that2. This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 3. Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked4. The engineer with _____my father works is about 50 years old.A. whose B. who C. which D. whom5. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 6. Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 47. I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 8. The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who9. I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 10. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose 3、填空题1. He seems not to have grasped what I meant, ______________greatly upsets me.2. Smoking, ______________ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. 3. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory ______we are working. 4. The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.5. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened? --- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew. 4、改错题1. Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland, where he was buried there in 1977.____________________________________________________________2. I don't know the man with who my brother is talking.____________________________________________________________3. I,who is a Chinese,will do my best for our country.____________________________________________________________4. He is the very person for whom I am looking.____________________________________________________________5. China Daily has plenty of advertisements, that help to cut the costs of 5making the newspaper.____________________________________________________________6. I can't remember the things and persons who I met at that time.____________________________________________________________7. I live in a house whose the window faces south.____________________________________________________________8. Do you remember one afternoon in America where a terrible earthquake took place?____________________________________________________________9. Is this park where his father works?____________________________________________________________10. The way which you look at problems is wrong.____________________________________________________________【乐一乐】Q：When do you go as fast as a racing car? S：When you are in it. Q：How many sides does a house have? S：Two - inside and outside. Q：What room has no walls, no doors, no windows, and no floors? S：A mushroom.Q：What is smaller than an insect's mouth? S：Anything it eats. Q：What surprising things happen every 24 hours?S：Day breaks, but doesn't fall; night falls, but doesn't break.Q：What can hear you without ears and can answer you without a mouth? S：An echo.Q：What animal eats and drinks with its tail? S：All do. No animal takes off its tail when eating and drinking. 6789101专题 04只用 that的定语从句【理论回顾】一、that 做关系词引导定语从句that属于关系________，指代________，在定语从句中可充当________。在充当宾语的时候，一般可以________。who属于关系________，指代________，在定语从句中可充当________。which属于关系________，指代________，在定语从句中可充当________。在充当宾语的时候，一般可以________。二、定语从句中只用 that引导的几种情况1. 先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用 that. 例如：① The scientist and his achievementsthat you told me about are admired by us all. 我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。 ② The foreign visitors spoke highly of the pioneers and their performancesthat they saw at the Children’s Palace. 外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。 ③ The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。2. 当先行词是指物的不定代词如 all , any , anything , everything , nothing, the one, much, few, little或被它们修饰时。例如：①Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以为你做的吗？ ②All that can be done must be done. 凡是能做的都必须做。③ Nothing that the teacher does doesn’t influence his students. 老师所做的事情没有不影响到学生的。3. 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、 the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代2词通常只用 that. 例如： ① The first English novel that I read was Cities. 我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》 。 ② This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen. 这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。 ③ This is the only thing that we can do now. 这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。4. 句中其他位置已出现 which/who，为避免重复，不用 which/who而用 that引导限定性定语从句。例如：① Which is the car that has overtaken us? 超过我们的是哪辆车？ ② Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？③ Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in?哪个是王先生住的房间？5. 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时，通常只用 that.例如： ① He is no longer the star that he was. 他不再是过去的那位明星了。 ② Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。 【想一想】例题 1：If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.A. as B. which C. what D. that例题 2：If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.A. as B. which C. and it D. that例题 3：If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.A. as B. which C. what D. that例题 4：Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.3A. that B. which C. and it D. so【练一练】一、分析下列从句并判断 that是否可省略1.I hold the belief that where there is a will, there is a way. 2. I reached the gate that opened onto the lake.3. I believe that there is no God.4. The problem is that we haven’t got enough money.5. They complain that they have to do homework from morning till night and that they are very tired.2、选择题1. Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ____ don’t. A. who; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who; who D. 不填; 不填 2. He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been 3. The famous basketball star, ____ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who 4. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 5. George Orwell, ____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name 6. The hours_______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.A. when B. that C. in which D. on which7. I hope ________the little _____I have been able to do has been of some use.4A. that; that B./;by which C. what; what D./;with which 8. The thought of going home to his family was all______kept him happy while he was working abroad.A. that B. what C. those D. which 9. A container weighs more after air is put in ______proves that air has weight.A. as B. it C. that D. which10. Later I want to return home but couldn’t find a company ________I could use _____I had learnt.A. where; that B. where; what C. when; what D. that; that 3、填空题1. Everything ___________ we saw was of great interest. 2. His dog, ___________ was now very old, became ill and died. 3. The reason ________ he didn’t go to school is __________ he was ill. 4. This is the best film ___________ I have ever seen.5. I’ve read all the books __________ I borrowed from the library. 4、改错题1. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening. 2. That is the way which they work. 3. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice. 4. Who is the man who has white hairs? 5. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea.【乐一乐】Two birdsTeacher: Here are two birds, one is a swallow, the other is sparrow. Now who can tell us which is which? 5Student: I cannot point out but I know the answer. Teacher: Please tell us. Student: The swallow is beside the sparrow and the sparrow is beside the swallow. 老师： 这儿有两只鸟，一只是麻雀。谁能指出哪只是燕子，哪只是麻雀吗？ 学生：我指不出，但我知道答案。 老师：请说说看。 学生：燕子旁边的就是麻雀，麻雀旁边的就是燕子。The New TeacherGeorge comes from school on the first of September. “George, how did you like your new teacher?“ asked his mother. “I didn't like her, Mother, because she said that three and three were six and then she said that two and four were six too.“9月 1日， 乔治放学回到家里。“乔治，你喜欢你们的新老师吗？“ 妈妈问。“妈妈，我不喜欢，因为她说 3加 3得 6, 可后来又说 2加 4也得 6。“678