（讲练测）2016年高考英语一轮复习 模块5.3 Science and nature（讲+练+测）（含解析）（打包3套）牛津译林版.zip

1Unit 3 Science and nature一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1. What do you think was the author's (intend)in this passage?2.He caused his parents great (anxious)by cycling long distances alone.3.The plan suggested by him is practical and worth careful (consider).4.The (origin)owner of the house has moved out.5.No one is allowed into the lab without the teacher’s (permit).6.I am afraid that the boy got (fright) when hearing the sudden loud thunder.7. Three hundred people in this town are dying of (hungry) every day.8. The world may badly want (rely)forecasts of future climate.9. He ended his speech by talking about China's (relate)with Africa.10. In your (judge), what has changed over the past few years?.二、根据句意和汉语或首字母提示写出所缺单词的完全形式1.Have you any (评论) to make on the recent development?2.The “big-ball“ sports in our country have made a (突破). 【答案】breakthrough【解析】我们国家的“大球类”体育项目已经取得重大突破。3.The form should be (确认) by the customer after it is printed.4.I thought that the whole (观念)of cloning was not moral.【答案】concept2【解析】我原来认为整个克隆的观念是不道德的。5.There are many (现实生活) problems with the matter.6.We can t one form of energy into another. 【答案】transform【解析】tranform.into.=change/turn.into.7.The greedy businessman is only concerned about making p rather than ensuring his workers’ safety.8.Having no children of their own they decided to a an orphan.【答案】adopt【解析】adopt an orphan 收养孤儿。9.According to the survey c last week, more than half college students admitted having consumed alcoholic drinks.【答案】conducted【解析】根据上周进行的调查。10.To their surprise, the m of people agree to their plan.三、单项选择1.(改编)Many Chinese college graduates leave their country to get further education in America with the ______of getting better jobs in the future.A. impression B. intention C. avenue D. design32.Once he saw his daughter back safe, his ________ disappeared.A. surprise B. anxiety C. imagination D. curiosity3.(2015年高考英语原创预测卷 02)Nowadays, people’s lifestyle has become remarkably fast-paced and so in order to catch up with such a pace of life, the of smart and time-saving methods is of great significance.A. abolition B. abortion C. adoption D. avoidance 4.(浙江省嘉兴市 2015届高三下学期教学测试二)In the final, we narrowly won the game. ______, I didn’t expect we had a chance of winning at first. A. On the whole B. As a consequence C. In other words D. To be honest5.(改编)No __________ will be made about the case until all the evidences have been carefully checked.A. anxiety B. relief C. view D. judgment46.(2011高考湖南卷)One third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _______black people. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is 7.(2015届浙江省六校高三 3月联考英语)Chinese billionaire Wang Jianlin __________ on Wednesday that he had bought 20 percent shares in Spanish league champions Atletico Madrid.A. confirmed B. submitted C. informed D. promoted8.All the children became ________ and began to cry when they saw the ________ snake creeping towards them.A. frightened；frightening B. frightening；frightenedC. frightened；frightened D. frightening；frightening9.(改编)The film “World without thieves” enjoyed a great success and brought in a large______ to the cinema. A. achievement B. advantage C. preference D. profit510.(改编) You can’t take photographs in here unless you get _______from the administrator .A. award B. impression C. permission D. recognition 11.(2014安徽皖北协作区高三联考)He ________ his plan for dropping out of the university regardless of his parents' opposition.A. pushed along B. pushed ahead with C. pushed for D. pushed forward12.The record about the massacre (大屠杀) is fairly clear and beyond dispute ______ those activities the Japanese soldiers were involved in.A. in memory of B. with assistance of C. with respect to D. in place of13.(改编)New iPhone goes on Friday with a bigger screen and 4G 6wireless technology, as the company seeks to keep its competitiveness.A. for sale B. selling C. on sale D. sale14.(改编)I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into ________when judging my examination.A. regard B. counting C. consideration D. observation15.(2014江苏无锡一中高三检测)I am all ________ trying to find ways to save money, but we have to maintain certain standards of quality.A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honor of D. in search of16.(2015届湖北浠水实验高级中学高三上期中)________ your present bad mood, you’d better put off the work till next week, when you may be in higher spirits.A. In charge of B. In spite of C. In terms of D. In view of17.(2014高考江西卷)Starting your own business could be a way to achieving 7financial independence. _______, it could just put you in debt.A. In other words B. All in all C. As a result D. On the other hand18. (2012高考四川卷)This training program can give you a lift at work, ________ increase your income by 40%.A. as well as B. so long as C. so much as D. as soon as19. (2014高考山东卷)It’ s standard practice for a company like this one______ a security officer. A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs 20.(2011高考大纲卷)Mr. Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn’t ask for a boss.A. better B. good C. best D. still better821.(2015高考北京卷)If ______for the job, you’ll be informed soon.A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted 从句的省略和非谓语动词的用法两个知识点，并牢记现在分词表主动或进行，过去分词表被动或完成，不定式表将要执行的动作的原则。做好此类题需要牢记句子中省略，还有主语和动词之间的关系。22.(2015高考重庆卷)_______in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.A.Being raised B. Raising C. Raised D. To raise23.(2015高考江苏卷)Much time _____ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.A. being spent B. having spent C. spent D. spending924.(2015高考陕西卷)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.A. taking B. taken C. take D. be taken 25.(2015高考四川卷)Little Tom sat watching the monkey dancing in front of him.A. amaze B. amazing C. amazed D. to amaze26.(天津市和平区 2015届高三第二次模拟考试)______with a gradual rise of seawater, some nations in the Pacific are considering moving in the near future. A. Facing B. To face C. Being faced D. Faced27.(湖南省长望浏宁四县 2015届高三 3月调研) _______ by a great demand for 10environmental-friendly cars, those factories has produced more green ones.A. Driven B Being driven C Having driven D To drive28.(福建省泉州市 2015届高三 3月教学质量检查)The stranger to walk into the building in the early morning was probably a salesman.A. seen B. to see C. to be seen D. seeing29.(2015届江苏宿迁沭阳银河学校高三上 12月月考)_____ to improving services, we will provide customers with all the information they need.A. Being committed B. Having committed C. Committed D. Committing30.(2015届江苏泰州姜堰高三上期中)We believe the time and hard work _______in completing such animportant project are worthwhile.A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. to be involved11四、完形填空(改编自江苏省无锡市普通高中 2015届高三上学期期中)How many times have you been discouraged by obstacles and difficulties? Most of the time, we think that there is some sort of outside force that 1 prevents us from being happy. Well, the truth is－that“ 2 force“ you are thinking of is actually your 3 . Yes, your own attitude is 4 may prevent you from achieving fulfillment（成就感）. Although the heart is the lifeline of the body, 5 , the brain actually affects your entire being. If you 6 tell yourself that you are not good enough, then eventually, the body does the same. Knowing this, you must 7 condition your consciousness into thinking that you can have a fulfilling life. People around you may sometimes tell you that you cannot do certain things, but who are they to 8 your life journey? If you tell yourself that people often pull you down in an effort to bring you to their （low） level, then you 9 a small victory. Take 10 that the ones who say that you can never be successful are the ones who are11 in their own lives. Those losers are not supposed to spoil your life. You are only what you 12 yourself to be. Learning to believe in yourself is overcoming 13 . Many people are afraid of trying because they are afraid of failing. Remember the 14 , and then being able to overcome it is a victory in itself. So you create a strong belief in yourself. 15 your limits, ever if that means more 16 , and 12condition your spirit into realizing that all these 17 help you achieve your true strength as a person. Once you learn this, you will quickly find that you are able to do much more than you even 18 that you could. The single most important 19 to becoming successful in any area of your life comes clown to the way you think. Spend time every day feeding your mind with powerful education, mindset(思维模式)and knowledge and find other successful people to see what they did that you can start to 20 . 语篇解读：阻碍我们成功的只有我们自己，能够让我们成功的也只有我们自己。我们战胜了自己也就会取得成功。1. A. naturally B. willingly C. unbelievably D. accidentally【答案】A【解析】A.自然地；B.愿意地；C.难以想象地；D.偶然地；我们认为有一种外部的力量很自然地阻止我们幸福。根据句意说明 BCD三项和句意不相符，故 A正确。2. A. positive B. ordinary C. negative D. optimistic3. A. body B. mind C. heart D. life4. A. which B. that C. what D. why5. A. on the other hand B. on the contrary C. as a result D. in a word136. A. carefully B. accurately C. gently D. unconsciously7. A. meanwhile B. otherwise C. seldom D. therefore8. A. continue B. break C. plan D. strike9. A. decline B. achieve C. expect D. miss【答案】B【解析】A.下降；B.实现；C.期待；D.错过；思念；如果你告诉你自己这些人总是要把你拉到他们一样的低水平，那么你就获得了小小的胜利。Achieve small victory获得胜利。故 B正确。10. A. charge B. control C. part D. note11. A. unfortunate B. unsuccessful C. unimportant D. unrealistic1412. A. allow B. make C. force D. object13. A. shame B. mistake C. crisis D. fear14. A. punishment B. intention C. failure D. assessment15. A. Consider B. Establish C. Challenge D. Follow16. A. defeats B. admiration C. inspiration D. findings17. A. victories B. falls C. experience D. doubts【答案】B【解析】A.成功；B 失败；C.经历；D.怀疑；你要调整你的精神来意识到所有这些失败都能帮助你实现你真正的优势。故 B正确。18. A. judge B. imagined C. sentenced D. caught1519. A. lesson B. similarity C. relation D. key20. A. model B. submit C. share D. interview1Unit 3 Science and nature一、重点词汇熟记下列单词clone vt. 克隆 n. 克隆出来的动物或植物 profit n. 利润，收益 vt. & vi. 获益；对……有用harvest vt. & vi. 收割（庄稼）n. 收获；收成 transform vt. 使改观；使变形 conduct vt. 实施；指挥乐队 modify vt. 调整，修改；修饰insert vt. 插入，嵌入 confirm vt. & vi. 证实，证明；确认；使确信real-life adj. 真实的，现实生活中的 cell n. 细胞；小隔间；电池saleswoman n. 女售货员，女推销员 legal adj. 法律许可的，合法的physician n. 医师，内科医生 goat n. 山羊pest n. 害虫 concept n. 概念；观念crime n. 罪，罪行 fellow n. 家伙；同事，同伴；男子profession n. 职业，行业 radiation n. 辐射，放射线breakthrough n. 突破 public relation n. 公共关系majority n. 多数，大多数 summary n. 总结；概括，概要nutrition n. 营养 ordinary adj. 普通的，一般的channel n. 频道；渠道；航道 chain n. 一系列；2一连串（人或事）catastrophe n. 灾难，灾祸 acre n. 英亩rainforest n.雨林 income n. 收入，收益genetically modified 转基因的词性(词形)变化anxiety n. 忧虑，焦虑，不安→anxious adj. 焦虑的，渴望的→anxiously adv. 焦虑地original adj. 原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的→origin n．起源；出身，来历judgment n.判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决→judge v．判断consideration n.仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及→consider v.考虑，认为→considering prep.鉴于，考虑到tasty adj.美味的，可口的→taste v. 品尝 3短语英语 汉语意义 英语 汉语意义on the way to doing sth.即将做某事 be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事push ahead with义无反顾地进行，努力推进with the intention of 带着……目的for sale 供出售，待销售 comment on 对……作出评论take . into consideration认真考虑 on a personal note 就我个人而言in favour of 赞同，支持 conduct a survey 进行一次调查point of view 观点 be limited to 局限于toy with戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏be opened up to 打开……之门be/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮 as to 至于，关于4follow in one's footsteps效仿某人 meet one’s needs 满足某人的需求show respect for对……表示敬意 be/get burnt out 耗尽体力concentrate on 集中精力于；全神贯注于in agreement with 同意；与……一致be aware of 意识到；觉察到 turn out 结果/证明/原来是figure out计算出；想出；理解，明白；解决in summary 总之；总的来说含重点词汇的教材原句(划线部分)1.【教材原句】①Although he researches cloning, his intention has never been to create copies of humans. (P42)尽管伊恩·威尔莫特研究克隆，但他的目的根本不是要制造人类的复制品。②However, some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.(P42)但是，有些人认为怀着摧毁人类胚胎的意图来克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。2.【教材原句】Even though human cloning is causing a lot of anxiety, it is good news for Faye Wilson.（P42）尽管人类的克隆正带来很多的忧虑，对 Faye Wilson 来说，这是个好消息。3.【教材原句】 ‘I am anxious to have a child of my own， ’ she says. ‘I don't want to adopt someone else's child — if I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby right now.’ (P42)“我现在渴望有个自己的孩子， ”她说， “我不想领养别人的孩子——如果我有这个机会，我会立即要一个克隆婴儿。 ”4.【教材原句】If we toy with nature, we will have to deal with the consequences. (P43)如果我们玩弄自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。55.【教材原句】I think we should be cautious and use good judgment when making decisions about cloning.(P49)我认为我们在对克隆作出决定时应该谨慎行事，作出好的判断。6.【教材原句】I am sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens, it would show that the majority of people would not support this type of scientific research. (P56) 我确信如果你在英国公民中进行一项调查，结果会表明大多数人不会支持这种科学研究。7.【教材原句】Therefore, we cannot confirm that food from cloned animals is really safe for humans to eat. (P57)因此，我们不能证明人类食用来自克隆动物的食物是安全的。8.【教材原句】While many people are excited about these new technologies, these same technologies frighten others. (P59)尽管许多人对这些新技术感到兴奋，而其他人则对这些同样的技术感到害怕。9.【教材原句】Research has been limited to increasing production profits, rather than making sure that GM foods are safe.(P59)目前的研究仅局限于增加生产利润，而不是确保转基因食品的安全。10.【教材原句】Since no one really knows whether GM food is safe, many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of GM foods….(P59)因为无人真正知道转基因食品是否安全，许多国家迟迟不许生产转基因食物。11.【教材原句】Some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.(P42)一些科学家正在加紧研究，以制造出克隆的人类婴儿。12.【教材原句】However, some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.(P42)但是，有些人认为怀着摧毁人类胚胎的意图来克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。613.【教材原句】Human life would just become a crop to be harvested or a product for sale. （P43）人类生命将只不过是待收割的庄稼或待售的产品而已。14.【教材原句】In summary, I insist that you take the opinions of the people of the UK into consideration, and end this practice immediately. (P56)总之，我坚持要求你把英国人民的意见考虑在内，立即终止这项实践。15.【教材原句】Would anyone say that development should be stopped in favour of nature? (P58)有人说为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗？16.【教材原句】From the point of view of some people, we are only doing what humans have always done, using nature to meet our own needs. (P58)根据有些人的观点，我们中是在做人类一直在做的事情——利用自然满足我们自己的需求。二、经典句型考点-2. as well as【教材原句】In China, scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals, as well as cloned tissues to be used in medical treatment. (P42)在中国，科学家们除了致力于用于医疗方面的器官的克隆还致力于动物的克隆。考点-4.否定词与形容词或副词比较级连用【教材原句】Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified food. (P59)转7基因食品就是最好的例子。三、语法自主复习复习本单元的 Grammar and usage：过去分词。一、概述过去分词是非谓语动词形式的一种，它既有动词的特征，又有形容词和副词的特征，其基本形式是 v.＋ed，可以有宾语和状语，即过去分词短语。及物动词的过去分词形式表示被动或既表被动又表完成，不及物动词的过去分词形式只表示完成。过去分词在句中可作定语、表语、补语和状语。二、过去分词的句法功能2.过去分词作表语过去分词在句中作表语多表示主语所处的状态或是主语的心理，这时过去分词有些已经转化成了形容词。The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。Everyone got excited at the news.听到这个消息每个人都感到兴奋。Don't touch the glass because it is broken.8不要碰那个杯子因为它是破的。4.过去分词作状语过去分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。分词作状语时，它是逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。(1)表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念。Seen from the moon, the earth looks green.从月亮上看时，地球是绿色。(2)表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。Satisfied with what he did，the teacher praised him in class.由于老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。(3)表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.跟你比较起来，我还差得很远呢。(4)表让步，相当于一个 though/although 引导的让步状语从句。9Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。(5)表方式或伴随情况。The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.那个老人在他妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。(6)表结果The cup fell down to the ground, broken.茶杯掉到了地上，破了。三、由分词转化而来的形容词分词转化而来的形容词包括现在分词转化而来的形容词和过去分词转化而来的形容词，即 v.ing 形容词和 v.ed 形容词。四、非谓语动词作各种成分的区别(一)非谓语作表语的区别10(二)非谓语动词作定语的区别理解下表中所列的关系分类 形式 与被修饰词的逻辑关系 与谓语动作的时间关系动宾关系 在谓语动作后发生to do “the last/next/first.” 后常接不定式作定语，表示主谓关系在谓语动作前或者后发生不定式to be done 被动关系 在谓语动作后发生doing 主动关系 与谓语动作同时进行现在分词 being done 被动关系 与谓语动作同时进行过去 done 被动关系 在谓语动作之前发生11分词 存在的状态或情况(三)非谓语作状语的区别理解下表中所列的关系非谓语 与逻辑主语(即句子的主语)的关系 与谓语动作的时间关系doing(一般式)作状语 主动关系 (几乎)与谓语动作同时进行having done(完成式)作状语主动关系 先于谓语动作发生having been done(完成被动式)作状语被动关系 先于谓语动作发生done(过去分词)作状语 被动关系已经在过去发生或是不十分强调时间概念Waiting (=When I was waiting) to see the doctor, I met with a friend of mine.Having (=Because we have) made full preparations, we are sure to be successful.Having been shown around(=After we had been shown) the library, we were then taken to see the laboratory.Seen (=When the town is seen) from the hill, the town looks more beautiful.Locked (=When he was locked) up in the room, he found himself isolated from 12the outer world.