1、Myology 肌学,王汉琴 Ph.D, ProfessorDepartment of Anatomy, Hubei University of Medicine 医学生学习网 http:/,There are more than 600 skeletal muscles in the human body, which together account for about 40 percent of a persons weight.The skeletal muscles produce the skeletal movement, maintain posture and positio
2、n, support soft tissue, and keep body temperature.,structure Muscle belly肌腹 Tendon肌腱aponeurosis 腱膜,Morphology and structure of skeletal muscle,Morphology,Long muscle,Short muscle,Flat muscle,Orbicular muscle,The origin, insertion, and architecture of the skeletal muscle,The origin and insertion of t
3、he skeletal muscle,Architecture of muscles 肌的配布:原动肌、拮抗肌、协同肌、固定肌,The Supplementary Structures of MuscleFascia 筋膜 Superficial fascia Deep fascia,Synovial bursa 滑膜囊,Tendinous sheath 腱鞘 Fibrous layerSynovial layer: mesotendon腱系膜,Sesamoid bone 籽骨,Section 2 The Muscles of the Head,The muscles of the head
4、can be divided into two groups: the muscles of the facial expression and the muscles of mastication.,1. The facial muscles面肌,2. The masticatory muscles 咀嚼肌the masseter 咬肌the temporalis颞肌the medial pterygoid翼内肌the lateral pterygoid翼外肌,Section 3 The Muscles of the Neck,By their situations the muscles
5、of neck are divided into three groups: superficial and lateral（颈浅肌） anterior （颈前肌） deep （颈深肌）,1. The platysma颈阔肌,The superficial and lateral group,2. Sternocleidomastoid 胸锁乳突肌,Action The head is inclined laterally and the face is rotated to the opposite side ; protracts head when acting together.,In
6、sertion mastoid process,Originmanubrium sternum and clavicle,The anterior group1. the suprahyoid musclesdigastric二腹肌mylohyoid下颌舌骨肌stylohyoid茎突舌骨肌Geniohyoid颏舌骨肌,2. the infrahyoid musclessternohyoid胸骨舌骨肌omohyoid肩胛舌骨肌sternothyroid胸骨甲状肌thyrohyoid甲状舌骨肌,The deep groupscalenus anterior前斜角肌 scalenus medius中
7、斜角肌 scalenus posterior后斜角肌 Scalene fissure(斜角肌间隙),The Muscles of Trunk,The Muscles of Back The Muscles of Thorax The Diaphragm The Muscles of Abdomen,Section 4,1. The Muscles of Back,These muscles can be divided into two layers: the superficial and the deep layer.The trapezius（斜方肌） The latissimus do
8、rsi (背阔肌),2. The Muscles of Thorax,Pectoralis major(胸大肌) Pectoralis minor(胸小肌) Serratus anterior(前锯肌),前 锯 肌,External intercostals 肋间外肌 Internal intercostals 肋间内肌,Action,Insertion Central tendon,Origin VertebralCostalSternal,Aortic aperture 主动脉裂孔 -12th thoracic vertebra,Esophageal aperture 食管裂孔 -10th
9、 thoracic vertebra,Vena caval foramen 腔静脉裂孔 -8th thoracic vertebra,4.The Muscles of Abdomen,Anterolateral group,External abdominal oblique Internal abdominal oblique Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis,Posterior group,Psoas major 腰大肌 Quadratus lumborum腰方肌,腹外斜肌,腹内斜肌,腹横肌,腹直肌,1. External abdominal o
10、blique腹外斜肌,Aponeurotic structure Inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带lacunar ligament 腔隙韧带pectineal ligament 耻骨梳韧带superficial inguinal ring腹股沟浅环,Anterolateral group,inguinal ligament,lacunar ligament,pectineal ligament,superficial inguinal ring,2.Internal abdominal oblique 腹内斜肌,conjoint tendon腹股沟镰，联合腱,3. Transve
11、rsus abdominis 腹横肌,4. Rectus abdominis 腹直肌,Anterior layer aponeurosis of the external and internal abdominal oblique,5.Sheath of rectus abdominis腹直肌鞘,Posterior layer aponeurosis of the internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis,6. Linea alba 白线,Psoas major腰大肌 Quadratus lumborum 腰方肌,Posterior group,Inguinal canal 腹股沟管,Two openingsSuperficial inguinal ring 腹股沟浅环Deep inguinal ring 腹股沟深环,BoundariesAnterior wallPosterior wallRoof Floor,Structures passing through the inguinal canal,Inguinal Triangle (of Hesselbach) 腹股沟三角,Thank you！,
