1、背诵一I. 表示时间，顺序的过渡词： 1/ first, next ；then, later on; finally/ in the end/ at last / eventually (最后), shortly after that (之后不 久) , shortly （不久） (叙事文体)2/ Meanwhile = at the same time = in the meantime = in the mean while （同时),3/ to begin / start with = first of all = for a start （第一, 首先）, in the first p
2、lace （首先；起初）, in the second place (其次)，4/ so far / up to now / to date / to this day (到目前为止)例句背诵：1/ He will be back shortly. 他不久就回来2/ Why did you choose English as your major in the first place ? 当初为什么选英语作为你的专业？ 1. It goes without saying that “不言而喻， 根本不用说” eg. It goes without saying that taking part
3、-time jobs will benefit you a lot in your future career. 不言而喻, 打工有益于你未来的事业 2 I hate /dislike / like / love it when.讨厌/喜欢I highly appreciate it + if / when “欣赏；感激” eg. I really hate / dislike it when people litter in public . 我讨厌人们在公共场合乱丢垃圾。 eg. I would highly appreciate it if you could reply to me a
4、t your earliest convenience. 如果你能尽快给我答复我将不胜感激。 3.As with . = As is the case with 和 一样 eg. As with hiking, you should watch out for danger when rafting. 和远足一样，漂流时要当心危险。 eg. As is often the case with most teenagers , he couldnt relate to (理解) his parents. 和大多数年轻人一样, 他不能理解父母.4. The reason why . is/ was
5、 that “的原因是”eg. The main reason why teenagers commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse. 青少年犯罪的主要原因是社会环境的日益恶化背诵二关联词和句型2. 表示递进的过渡词： 一方面; 另一方面: for one thing, for another / besides 另外： Besides，furthermore, whats more, in addition, moreover, 除之外: apart from ; in addition to 使事情更糟糕的是：wo
6、rse still, to make things/matters worse, whats worse. 例句背诵： 1/ I am not so crazy about computer games. For one thing, as a senior 3 student, I cant spare (挤出) any time to play the games, for another, I think it is a waste of time and money to some degree / extent （在一定程度上） . 2/ He was laid off （下岗； 解
7、雇） by his company. To make things/ matters worse, his wife was diagnosed with （被诊断出）cancer. It is really difficult for him to keep body and soul together (维持生计) 7. There is a great / small chance that= chances are great/ small that 很有可能 / 可能性很小 eg. Chances are small (= there is a small chance ) that
8、 we all have the opportunity to live in English-speaking countries. 我们都有机会去说英语的国家居住的可能性很小. 8. do more than do “不单单干” eg. As students, we do more than study，we also participate in all kinds of activities. 作为学生， 我们不单单学习， 我们也参加各种各样的活动。 9/ Its up to sb （to do） “由来决定; 靠来做” eg. Whether our planet will hav
9、e a bright future or will be destroyed, its up to our human beings. 我们的星球是前途光明还是走向毁灭, 这要由我们人类来决定. eg. There is no substitute (替代品) for our earth. It is up to us to save the endangered planets. 我们的地球不可替代. 要靠我们来拯救我们濒危的星球. 10. be up to sth “胜任 , 从事; 忙于 ”eg. Michael is not up to that job. 迈克不胜任那项工作。eg.
10、What have you been up to recently ? 你最近在忙什么? 11. of + n = adj eg. The house is of large size. 房子很宽敞。eg. The input of language should be of high quality. 语言输入应该是高质量的eg. We are of an age . 我们是同年龄的eg. The soup tastes of chicken . 汤是鸡肉味的eg. The reform is of great significance. 改革的意义重大 12 . When it comes
11、 to sth/ doing sth . 当涉及到, 当谈到eg. When it comes to resume writing. You should take culture factors into consideration. 说到写简历, 你应该考虑到文化 因素。 背诵3:关联词和句型3. 表达个人观点的过渡词:1/ 在我看来: In my opinion / view /eyes; from the point of my view; Personally = as far as Im concerned; to the best of my belief (我深信) 2/ 据我
12、所知: To the best of my knowledge; as far as I know 3/ 换言之: In other words = to put it differently = to put it another way 13/ Too.for, “太而不适合/ 符合” eg. The weather today is too warm for winter.相对于冬天, 今天的天气太暖和. eg. The work is too much for me. 这个工作我干不了。14/ what/how about + sth / doing sth “怎么样/ 如何”， 表示
13、建议 eg. How about signing up for the speech contest? 报名参加演讲比赛如何？ eg. - What about the two of us going picnicking this Sunday? 我们俩周日去野餐如何？ - Good idea! 好主意。 15As far as “远至” “在范围内” “就.而言” eg. Can I hitch a lift (搭便车) with you as far as the station? 我可以搭乘你的便车到车站吗？ eg. As far as Im concerned, Chatting o
14、nline all day long is a waste of time and money in a way/ sense. 在我看来, 整天上网聊天从某种意义上说是对金钱和时间的浪费。 eg. As far as my income is concerned, I cant make both ends meet. 就我的收入而言, 我入不敷出. eg. I will help you as far as I can. 我将尽力帮助你 eg. As far as I can remember, my hometown was a small mountain village with b
15、eautiful scenery. 在我的记忆中，我的家乡是一个风景美丽的小山村. 16/ Not until 句型 eg. He didnt stop working until he was tired out. 他直到筋疲力尽才停止工作. It was not until he was tired out that he stopped working .(强调句) Not until he was tired out did he stop working. (倒装句) 17/ 1/ It was at 4 oclock that I arrived in New York. 我是在下
16、午4点到达纽约的 （强调句） 2/ It was 4 oclock when I arrived in New York = When I arrived in New York , it was 4 oclock . 当我到达纽约时, 时间是下午4点18/ It was because he neglected his duty that he was dismissed. 他是因为玩忽职守而被解雇的. 背诵4:关联词和句型 4. 表示强调的过渡词 above all （首要的，最为重要的）, last but not least 最后但同样重要的一点5. 表示转折的过渡词: however
17、, nevertheless （虽然如此，然而）, despite = in spite of + n (虽然) otherwise = or = or else (否则）例句背诵： 1/ Despite the rain, he went on working. 2/ Work hard, otherwise / or / or else , we will fall behind (落后) others 19/ 强调句: 对疑问词的强调： 疑问词 + was / is it + that + 剩余部分 ( 陈述句) eg. When will you set out for Beijing
18、? 你什么时候出发去北京? When is it that you will set out for Beijing ? 你到底时候出发去北京?eg. How did he get promoted? 他是如何得到晋升的? How was it that he got promoted ? 他究竟是如何得到晋升的? I dont know how it was that he got promoted ? 20/ There is no point / sense (in) doing 做毫无意义 eg. There is no point/ sense arguing further. Wh
19、at really matters is action. 继续争辩下去没有意义, 真正重要的是行动。21/ There + 系动词 + no doing sth = Its impossible to do， “做是不可能的” eg. There is no denying the fact that human beings should answer for (负责; 承担责任) the present situation of the earth. 人类应该对地球的现状负责，这是不可否认的事实. eg. Theres no telling what the future may have
20、 in store for us . 很难说清楚未来等待我们的会是什么 23. It/ this is the + 序数词 + time + that + 现在完成时态 It / that was the + 序数词 + time + that + 过去完成时态 eg. This is the first time that I have attended a concert .这是我第一次听音乐会。 eg. That was the second time that he had been to Beijing.那是我第二次去北京。 24.how come + 陈述语序 为什么会? 怎么会这
21、样? 要求对发生的事情解释或说明理由. eg. How come (that) he is dismissed again? 他怎么又被解雇了? 作文系列背诵 5:关联词和句型6. 文章结尾常用的过渡词: 1/ 总之，总而言之： in a word； in conclusion; on balance; all in all; ; in a nutshell , to sum up； 2/ 简言之：to put it simply； in short = to be short = in brief 3/ 总的来讲： in general = generally speaking; on th
22、e whole 25/ its just a matter of doing “是关乎的问题; 在于做 ” eg. Bringing up a child is just a matter of feeding, clothing and sheltering him. 养育孩子不单单是为他提供衣食住. eg. This is a matter of life and death . 这是一个关乎生死的问题26/ “Be about doing 在于干” eg. Business is not only about making money and profits. 商业不单单在于挣钱和赢利.
23、 eg. The key to education is about motivating the students to think for themselves . 教育的关键在于激发学生独立思考 27/ It occurred to me that “我突然想到 ” It occurred to me to do “我突然想到要” eg. It occurred to me to turn to the police foe help. 我突然想到要求助警察。 eg. It occurred to me that my “regret trip ” could have been can
24、celled. I should value today .我突然想到,我的”后悔之旅” 本可以取消的. 我应该珍惜今天. 28/ There is no need to do .没有必要 eg. There is no need to occupy yourself with making money .You should set aside some time for your family.没有必要一心只想着挣钱; 留出点时间陪陪家人. 29Its ones turn to do . “ 轮到 干 ” eg. Its your turn to make a few remarks he
25、re 该你发言了. eg. -Whose turn is it to be on duty today ? 今天谁值日？ - Its my turn. 30Its time to do 该是做的时候了 eg. Now we are on the point of leaving school and setting food in society. Its time for us to meet challenges and to prove our abilities. 我们即将离开学校踏入社会。迎接考验、证明自我能力的时刻到了。作文系列背诵 6:关联词和句型7、表示因果关系的词1/ 由于；
26、因为：owing to ; due to; because of; on account of ; as a result of ; as a consequence (结果, 后果) of . 2/ 多亏了: thanks to 3/ 结果: as a result; as a consequence; in consequence 例句背诵: He neglected (疏忽) his duty while working. As a result / as a consequence / in consequence (结果), he was fired.2/ Owing to / Du
27、e to / On account of / Because of (由于) human beings activities and greed, many animals are endangered. 3/ Thanks to (多亏了) the governments good policies , farmers can enjoy the same welfare (福利) as citizens .4/ His absence was due to (因为) the heavy rain 31/ Whats like? “如何/ 怎么样？” 用于问事物的外表特征和内在品质。 Wha
28、t does look like? “长得怎样？” 强调外表 eg - Whats the weather like today? 今天天气如何？ eg. - Whats his father like? 他父亲这人如何？ - His father is easy-going. 它的父亲很平易近人。32/ What do you think of = How do you like . = How do you find = How do you feel about 你认为 怎么样？ eg. What do you think of you school life ? 你认为你的学校生活如何
29、？ eg. How do you find/ like the car? 你认为这辆车如何？ 33/ as soon as “一 就; 刚刚就” = directly / immediately / instantly = the moment/ the second /the minute/ / the instant eg. They informed us of the result of admission immediately / directly / instantly they got it . 他们一得到录取结果就通知了我们.34/ no soonerthan = hardl
30、ywhen “一就” no sooner/ hardly + 过去完成时； than/ when + 一般过去时; 如果no sooner, hardly 位于句首，主句要倒装.eg. No sooner had he taken office than he got down to carrying out reforms to the company . 他刚一上任就着手对公司进行改革 35/ On/ Upon + n / doing“一就，刚刚就” eg. Upon his return to his country, he was appointed president of a un
31、iversity. 他刚一回国，就被任命为一所大学的校长。 eg. On hearing the sad news , he broke down and wept in the presence of all the guests. 一听到那个悲伤的消息， 他再也控制不住自己，当着客人的面失声痛哭。 eg.He set about working upon arrival . 他一到就开始工作。36/ As it is = as things are/ stand “ 照现在的情形看 as it is 按原来的样子 eg. He promised to study hard, but as
32、it is, he does no better than before. 他原答应要努力学习。但照现在的情形看，他和以前没什么两样。 eg. Life is difficult as it is. 生活本来就不容易。eg. Leave nature as it is. 保持自然的原貌. 作文系列背诵 7:关联词和句型8. 表示情绪的过渡词: to ones hearts content 使心满意足的是 much to ones satisfaction 使满意的是 to ones surprise / astonishment 使惊讶的是 to ones amazement 使惊叹的是 to
33、 ones joy / delight / entertainment 使高兴的是 to ones fright / horror使非常害怕的是 to ones great relief 使非常欣慰的是 to ones belief 使深信不疑的是 to ones sorrow/ grief / sadness使悲哀的是 to ones disappointment 使失望的是 to ones excitement使激动的是 例句背诵: 1. To the passers-bys amazement, kid ranging 5-11 could volunteer to help other
34、s. 2. To my great relief, he has got over the shock of losing his beloved. 37. before 特殊用法（1） “没来得及/尚未 就” 从句中常出现“ had time to do / could do” . eg. The flood water was upon us before we could think twice. 我们还没有来得及细想，大水已经汹涌而至。 eg. His father died before he was born. 他尚未出世他父亲就去世了。 Before 特殊用法（2） “过了多久才
35、怎么样” 或“动作进行到什么程度才怎么样”。 eg. They worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal. 他们日夜不停地连续工作了3天才使一切恢复正常。 eg. I spent all the money with me before I knew it. 不知不觉我已经花光了我身上所有的钱。 eg. He had not gone a mile before he felt tired.还没走一英里路，他就觉得累了。对比: 1/ We waited a long time befor
36、e the train arrived. 我们等了很长时间火车才到 2/ We waited until the train arrived. 我们一直等到火车到达。39. It was + 时间段+ before “过了多久才怎么样” It was not long before “不久就怎么样了” It will be + 时间段 +before “要过多久才” It will not be long before 不久就要 eg. It was not long before he sensed the danger. 不久他就意识到危险。 eg. It will not be long
37、 before we set foot in society. 不久我们将踏上社会。 eg. It will be half a year before you graduate from this school. 要过半年你才能毕业 40/ before 特殊用法（3）“趁着还不” “趁还没有” eg. Buy the house before the prices go up. 趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。 eg. Inform him of the news before I forget. 趁着还没忘记，我要赶快告知他这个消息。 eg. Take action before it is
38、too late / things get worse. 趁着为时不晚 (趁情况未恶化) 赶快采取行动41.It is (has been )+ 时间段 + since + 过去式“从 发生过/ 结束 到现在多久了” eg. It is /has been two years since he went abroad to further his studies. 他出国深造已经两年。 eg. It is / has been long since I enjoyed myself . 好久没有这么高兴过了. 42/ once “ 一旦” eg. Once you have decided t
39、o do something, you should do it well. 一旦决定了做什么事情, 就应该把它做好. eg. Once published, your book will be a best-seller. 一经发表， 你的书将是一本畅销书。43. once 曾经, 多用于省略句 （高考考点） eg. Once an outstanding student, he now is addicted to computer games. 曾经是最出色的学生， 现在他却对网络游戏上瘾。 eg. _ in the United States, St.Louis has now bec
40、ome the 24th largest city.A. Once the fourth biggest city B. The fourth biggest city it wasC. Being the fourth biggest city D. It was once the fourth biggest city 44 when = and just at that moment 引导并列, 强调另一件事情的突然发生。eg. We were listening to the teacher attentively when the fire alarm went off . 我们正认
41、真听老师上课，突然火警响了 eg. I was about to set off when he called me , telling me the meeting was cancelled. 我正准备离开, 突然接到他的电话, 告诉我会议取消了。eg. I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing class was over. 我刚刚写完试卷，这时候铃声响了，宣布了下课。45While “在期间”，主语和be动词可以省略。 eg. While in University, she took part-t
42、ime jobs to make money 在大学期间, 她打工挣钱. 46. while = although “尽管” eg. While I admit that he is inexperienced, I do believe he is suited to the job. 虽然我承认他缺乏经验, 我确实相信他胜任这份工作. eg. While I was angry with her, I didnt lose my temper. 虽然很生气， 但我当时并没有对她发脾气。 47. While , “趁着” eg. Sell the car while it still can
43、 run. 趁着车还能跑，赶快出手。 eg. Enrich yourself and do something meaningful while you are still young. 趁着年轻多丰富自己，做一些有意义的事情。 48. where 地点状语eg. Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure. 不屈不挠者从他人失败的地方获取成功。eg. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成. eg. where men are greedy , the
44、re is never peace. 人类贪欲不止，世界和平无望。eg. Young people should go where they are most needed . 年轻人应该到最需要他们的地方去。49. when= since / now that 既然 eg. How can he get good grade when he wont study 既然他不愿意学习, 他如何的高分. 50As/so long as “ 只要 ” eg. As long as you stick to your plans for your study, you are sure to make
45、 great progress. 只要你坚持自己的学习计划， 你肯定会进步的。 51疑问词 + ever = no matter + 疑问词, 引导让步状语从句。 eg. Whatever (= No matter what ) happens , we shall not lose heart . 无论发生什么我们都不会失去信心。 eg. Whoever/no matter who comes , he will be welcome . = Whoever comes will be welcome. （名词性从句) 无论谁来都受欢迎。 eg. However / no matter how hard I have tried , I cant argue my father into giving up smoking. 无论我多么的努力， 我都不能说服父亲放弃抽烟。52/ unless “除非，如果不”（=if not） eg . I wont attend his birthday party unless invited (= unless I am invited ) . 除非受到邀请，我不会参加他的生日聚会。53. whe
