1、1Unit 4 Earthquakes所给词为动词的做题技巧(语法填空)方法指导在语法填空中对动词的考查是命题重点和热点。如果括号中所给的提示词为动词,往往从词性变化、谓语动词和非谓动词三个维度命题。1)考查词性变化:主要考查动词与名词、动词与形容词或副词的转换,此时主要根据句子成分和词性与词性的相互修饰关系来判断。2)考查谓语动词:在确定考查谓语动词后,可采用“三步法”解题 首先确定动词的语态(是主动语态还是被动语态);然后确定动词的时态(结合语境和时间状语);最后考虑主谓一致。3)考查非谓语动词:主要考查非谓语动词作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。4)考查特殊句式。如祈使句使用动
2、词原形等。典例引领 (2017 课标全国)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect)such as o
3、verweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove)from food, the food tast
4、es as if it is missing something. As 5 2result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in t
5、heir diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care)not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10
6、. 方法运用语篇解读 为了应对肥胖和心脏病,医学界鼓励大家食用低脂肪、少盐的食物。但是如果过于极端的话,也会适得其反。1.as 考查介词。医学界将其作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as 在此处作介词,意为“作为”。2.effects 考查名词复数。side effect 表示“副作用”,为可数名词,根据 such as overweight and heart disease 可知,副作用有多种,故填复数形式。3.to process 考查非谓语动词。根据 require sth. to do sth.(需要某物做某事)以及其被动形式可知此处填不定式结构。4.are removed 考查动词的时态、
7、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知,状语从句中用一般现在时态,fat and salt 作主语,与 remove 之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,谓语动词用复数。5.a 考查冠词。句意:结果,人们会吃更多的东西来努力弥补所缺的东西。as a result 结果。6.worse 考查比较级。句意:更糟糕的是,人们所吃的快餐的量会上升。even worse 更糟的是,此处与上句中提到的“eat more food”相比较,故用比较级。7.is 考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知,此处用一般现在时,主语为 fast food,故系动词用 is。8.eating 考查非谓语动词。by 在此处为介词,表示方式,故后面接动名词形式。9.careful 考查形容词。句意:然而,小心不要走极端。设空处在系动词 be 后,作表语,故用形容词。10.which 考查定语从句。设空处指代前面的一句话,引导非限制性定语从句,故填 which。
