1、1.导入非谓语的语法功能,Good afternoon, Ladies and gentlemen. It is a great honor for me to introduce1 this English speech competition. As we all know, to master2 a foreign language is very important for us. Taking part3 in English speech is a helpful way to learn English4. Everyone wants to show5their best. W
2、hen we have been preparing for it, we can improve our listening and speaking6 ability, developing7 a good habit of learning English8.,I am sure the English speech competition will be a great success and the audience will feel satisfied9 with our performance. Thank you!,归纳： 非谓语有哪些句法功能,=非谓语动词的句法作用 (除谓
3、语外的其他成分),1. Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _(wear) sun glasses.,因已有谓语动词appeared，动词wear前又没有并列连词，即wear不是并列谓语，它应是非谓语动词，作状语, 表示伴随情况; 又因he与wear是主动关系，故用现在分词。,wearing,高考与非谓语,一、单句填空,4. Simon made a big bamboo box _ _(keep) the little sick bird till
4、it could fly.,这句中的make表示“做; 制造”, 其后的不定式为目的状语。句意为: 西蒙做了一个大竹盒子来养这只有病的小鸟, 等它能飞的时候再放走它。,5. His first book _(publish) next month is based on a true story. 根据句中的next month可知是将出版, 故要用不定式; 又因为book与publish之间为被动关系, 故要用不定式的被动式。6. Lydia doesnt feel like _(study) abroad. Her parents are old. 因为feel like中的like是介词
5、，根据英语语法，介词后接动词一般要用动名词。,to be published,studying,7. I had great difficulty _(find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. 因have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定句式, 其意为“做某事有困难”。,finding,8. It rained heavily in the south, _ (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.,“引起严重水灾”是“下大雨”的自然结果, 作结果
6、状语, 用现在分词作状语。causing.与which caused.相当。,causing,9. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _(repair). 在表示“需要”的need后要接动词-ing形式的主动形式, 或用不定式的被动式。15. Isnt it time you got down to _ (mark) the papers？ 因为get down to中的to是介词, 后面应接动词的-ing形式。,repairing/to be repaired,mark
7、ing,10. Tsinghua University, _ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.,由于Tsinghua University(清华大学)与found(成立)之间为被动关系, 即清华大学被成立于1911年, 故用过去分词。,founded,11. Li Jian put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ (remind) of his own dreams.,该考点涉及的搭配是remind sb. of
8、 sth. (提醒某人记住或想起某事), 显然空格前的himself与动词remind之间存在着被动关系, 故用过去分词。,reminded,12. _(offer)an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.,由于句子主语Andy与动词offer之间为被动关系(即Andy被人提供了某物), 故用过去分词。,Offered,13. Claire had her luggage _ (check) an hour before her plane left.,checked,考查“have+名词
9、+非谓语动词”结构。由于her luggage（她的行李）与check（检查）之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。句意为：在飞机出发前1小时克莱尔携带的行李接受了检查。,14. A great number of students _ (question) said they were forced to practise the piano.,由于students与question(提问,询问) 之间为被动关系, 故用动词-ed形式作定语。,questioned,三、单句改错,.动词不定式,2. Nothing will make me to change my mind. 把to 去掉 因mak
10、e sb. do sth.(使某人做某事) ,用不带to 的不定式作宾补 。,2. Mary doesnt have to be made learn because she always works hard. 在be made后加to 当make sb. do sth. 用于被动形式时，后接不可省略to的不定式作宾补。 3. He hurried to the train station, only find the train had gone. 在find前加to 因only to do 作结果状语，表示事先没有预料到的结果。,4. Tired from work, he wants
11、to do nothing but to watch TV. 把but后面的to去掉 当but和except 前面有动词do时，后面用不带to的动词不定式。,5. I dont think it possible to mastering a foreign language without much memory work. mastering master 由句型“主语 + 及物动词 + it + 宾补 + to do” 可知，常用it 作形式宾语, 真正作宾语的不定式放到后面。,6. Ive worked with children before, so I know what expe
12、ct in my new job. 在expect前加to “疑问词+ 不定式”结构在句中作宾语，这里what加to expect，作know 的宾语。7 All of you can have another try if you want. 在want 后加to 为了避免重复，作宾语的不定式第二次出现时往往省略，只保留不定式符号to。,. 动词-ing形式,1. You cant imagine how excited it is to listen to top scientists share their prediction on what the world will be lik
13、e in a century. excited exciting 表示“令人兴奋的”，应用-ing形式。,2. Sit beside me, my beloved daughter gave me a vivid description of what she experienced in her dream. sit sitting 因my beloved daughter与sit是主动关系，故用动词的-ing形式，作方式状语。3. We were kept to waiting for quite a long time before the host turned up. 去掉waiti
14、ng前的to 由keep sb. doing可知。,4. On the Dragon Boat Festival, we saw the seashore crowded with people watched the dragon boat race. watched watching 因people与watch是主动关系，故用-ing形式作people的定语。5. It is no good copy the answer without trying to understand it. copy copying 在句型it is no good/need/ use doing sth句型
15、中，常用-ing形式作真正的主语。,6. As a senior 3 student preparing for the coming test, he spends most of his time improve this problem solving ability. improve improving 由句型spend some time doing sth.可知。7. It is reported that the hurricane caused great damage to the constructions of the town, with tens of hundred
16、s of houses destroyed by the fallen trees. fallen falling 因不及物动词falling表示“正在倒下的”。,1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales including as well. including included 因Wales 与included是被动关系，故用动词的-ed形式作宾补。2. Exhausting, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. Exhausting Exhausted 表示人“疲惫不堪的”用-ed形式；如果
17、表示“使筋疲力尽的”才用-ing形式。,. 动词-ed形式,3. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tying behind. tying tied 因hands与tie是被动关系，故用过去分词tied作补语。,4. Mr. Smith, tired of the bored speech, started to read a novel. bored boring 由句意可知，需要表达“令人厌烦的，无聊的”，故用boring。5. Seeing from the space, the earth looks blue. Seeing Se
18、en 因主语earth与see是被动关系，故用seen作状语。,6. Keep in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh. Keep Kept 主语vegetables与Keep是被动关系，故用Kept。7. Do you think the workers can get the job finishing on time? finishing finished 因the job 与finish是被动关系，故用finished。,8. We hear it say frequently that what now people m
19、ost desire is security.,say said 句中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that 从句，而it与say是被动的关系，故用过去分词said作宾补。,金牌讲解高考英语非谓语动词解题的五条经典原则,1. _ （make）this cake， youll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式,To make,原则二：用于名词后作定语时，使用非谓语动词的原则是： 用不定式，表示动作尚未发生; 用现在分词，表示动作正在进行; 用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义.,The Chi
20、nese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _ (hold)in Beijing in 2008. 2. There are hundreds of visitors _(wait) in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings.,. held,. waiting,3.The last one _ (arrive) pays the meal. Agreed!,to arrive,1. As the light turned green， I stood for a mo
21、ment， not _(move)， and asked myself what I was going to do. Moved B. moving 2. Peter received a letter just now _ (say)his grandma would come to see him soon. A. saying B. to say,原则三： 用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词,1. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ （reach） a record US$ 57. 65 a
22、barrel on April 4. A. reaching B. to reach,原则四：作结果状语，用现在分词或不定式，其区别是，一般要用现在分词表自然而然的结果，不定式表意外不好结果.,2.He hurried to the booking office only _(tell) that all the tickets had been sold out. A. to be told B. told,原则五： 对于固定搭配，原则上按搭配习惯处理 1._ (face)with so much trouble， we failed to complete the task on time
23、. ） A. Faced B. Facing 2._ (dress) in a white uniform， he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. Dressing,总结归纳：非谓语动词与高考,1.非谓语动词是高考语法填空的必考点。解答此类试题首先要通过句子的结构分析确定是不是非谓语动词，然后根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。如： 作主语或宾语，就用动名词(一般)或不定式形式(具体)。, 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，用动词不定式。 作伴随状语或作定语，要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词或过去分词。 有时也要根据句式搭配来确定，如see/ hear/notice sb. do/doing sth.，spend doing sth.等。,2. 短文改错中，有动词形式错误，如本该用动名词作主语却用了原形；在介词或某些动词后本应接动名词的却用了原形，本该用现在分词的却用了过去分词。另外，不定式符号to的多用或少用也常考。,2.时态与语态的判断方法:时态：非谓语动词的动作若发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，用完成式，否则，就用一般式。语态：当非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动关系，用主动式；是被动关系，用被动式。,
