1、1Unit 4 Body language李仕才一、阅读理解。(2018济南高三针对性训练)The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species，tens of thousands of plants，and some 2，000 birds and mammals.To date，at least 40，000 plant species，3，000 fish，1，294 birds，427 mammals，428 amphibians，and 378 reptiles have been scientific
2、ally classified in the region.One in five of all the birds in the world live in the Amazon rainforest.The warm and wet forest has been in existence for at least 55 million years，and thrived even during glacial periods，allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species.Radiocarbon dat
3、ing(放射性碳定年法) has revealed trees of 10 centimeter in diameter to be more than 300 years old，and some trees over 1，000 years old，indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11，200 years ago.E
4、uropean explorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)By the late 17th century the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.The Amazon rainforests ha
5、s been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen.But due to deforestation(滥伐森林)，rainforests now cover less than 5% of the Earths land surface，and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change.Severe deforestat
6、ion began in the 20th century，with 587，000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000.Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture.The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that t
7、he Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了亚马逊热带雨林的历史、丰富的物种以及现在所面临的危险。1Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1?2ATo prove the forest untouched.BTo classify species scientifically.CTo show the diversity of species.DTo attract more attention to the Amazon region.C 解析
8、：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容并结合第二段第一句中的“allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species”可推知，那些关于动植物种类的数字说明了亚马逊热带雨林的物种多样性，故选 C。2Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die?AEuropean explorers brought diseases there.BPortuguese explorers treated them badly.CA lot of trees were c
9、ut down and burned.DThey got killed by Spanish explorers.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，可能多达 90%的亚马逊土著居民因为欧洲探险者所带来的疾病而死亡，故选 A。3What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest?AIt has the largest number of species.BIt covers over 5% of South America.CIt is becoming larger in area.DIt is being endangered now.
10、D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“at the present rate.in two decades”并结合最后一段的整体内容可推知，亚马逊热带雨林遭到破坏，而且未来 20 年可能会减少40%，故选 D。4What may be included in the following paragraph?AExamples of destroying forests.BMeasures to protect rainforests.CNew settlements in the Amazon region.DWays to stop global warming.B 解析：推理判断题。根据最
11、后一段的关键词“deforestation(滥伐森林)”可推知，亚马逊热带雨林砍伐严重，那么文章接下来自然就会论述这一问题的解决措施，故选 B。二、单句语法填空1 (face) with a new situation, we make assumptions based on our experiences.答案：Faced2Simon has lived in Spain for more than 10 years, but (curious) enough, 3he cant speak a word of Spanish.答案：curiously3(2018北京东城区模拟)At th
12、e conference, political leaders from many countries promised to work together to defend the world terrorism and other threats.答案：against4That means the price is likely (go) down because of the competition.答案：to go5Toms still angry with me.You are (blame). How dare you call him a liar! Hes the last p
13、erson (lie)答案：to blame; to lie6I appreciate the professors new approach to (teach) languages.答案：teaching7 (misunderstand) by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.答案：Being misunderstood8You ought never to turn your back your friends on a threatened danger.答案：to9The kitche
14、n is often the busiest room in a household; its important (function) properly.答案：to function10The doctor will give you some medicine (ease) your pain.答案：to ease三、完形填空。(2018山西考前适应性测试)My father, Danny Thomas, was a famous comedian, singer, actor, and producer with many fans. When I was a child I 1 him
15、. Once, my father made a(n) 2 with Margaret OBrien and he often took me to the set. I also wanted to be a movie star. Ten years later, at age seventeen, I got my 3 I played the lead in Gigi. However, the 4 of finally being a real actress was painfully shortlived. All the interviews and all the revie
16、ws 5 my father.Would I be as good as my father? Would I be as popular? I was extremely 6 I loved my father, but my 7 was just him.“Daddy， ” I began, “please dont be 8 when I tell you this. I want to change my 9 . I love you but I dont want to be a Thomas anymore.”I tried not to 10 during the long si
17、lence. And then he said, “I raised 4you to be a thoroughbred(优秀的赛马). When thoroughbreds run, they wear blinders to keep their eyes focused straight 11 with no disturbance, no other horses. They hear the crowd but they dont 12 . They just run their own race. Thats what you have to do. Dont listen to
18、anyone 13 you to me or to anyone else. You just run your own race.”The next night 14 the crowd filed into the theater, the stage manager 15 me a white box with a red ribbon. I opened it up and inside was a pair of old horse blinders with a little note that 16 ， “Run your own race, Baby.”Run your own
19、 race, Baby. Dad could have said it a dozen other ways：“Be 17 ”； “Dont be influenced by others.” But it wouldnt have been the same. He chose the right words at the right time. And all 18 my life, Ive been able to come to the point by asking myself, “Am I running my race or 19 elses？”I thank my fathe
20、r for all his words that continue to live in my 20 【解题导语】 作者通过自己的经历让我们明白一个人生哲理：走好自己的路，让别人说去吧。1A.hated BadoredCfeared DavoidedB 解析：根据上文中提及的 was a famous comedian, singer, actor, and producer with many fans 可知，作者的父亲是一个著名的喜剧家、歌手、演员及制作人，而且有许多粉丝，因此，作者小时候很崇拜(adored)他。故选 B 项。hate 意为“厌恶；憎恨” ；fear 意为“害怕；恐惧”
21、；avoid 意为“避免” 。2A.movie BalbumCrecord DinterviewA 解析：根据下文中的 I also wanted to be a movie star.可知，此处指作者的父亲跟玛格丽特奥布赖恩一起拍电影(movie)，他经常把作者带到拍摄现场。故选 A 项。album 意为“相册；唱片” ；record 意为“记录” ；interview 意为“采访；面试” 。3A.position BawardCdegree DchanceD 解析：根据下文中的 I played the lead in Gigi.可知，作者也想成为一名电影5明星，而她在电影琪琪中饰演主角，
22、说明作者在 17 岁时得到了一次机会(chance)。故选 D 项。position 意为“职位；位置” ；award 意为“荣誉；奖励” ；degree 意为“程度；学位” 。4A.affection BanxietyCexcitement DbitternessC 解析：联系上文及常识可知，作者实现了当演员的梦想，心情一定是激动的。affection 意为“感情；喜爱；感染” ；anxiety 意为“忧虑；担忧” ；excitement 意为“兴奋；激动” ；bitterness 意为“痛苦；悲痛；怨恨” 。故选 C 项。句意为：然而痛苦的是，最终成为真正的女演员的激动并未持续很久。5A.
23、focused on Brelied onCappealed to Dattended toA 解析：根据下文中的 Would I be as good as my father？及从上文可知作者的父亲很有名，所以记者都想从作者身上得到关于她父亲的各种相关信息。也就是说，所有的采访和评论的焦点都围绕着父亲。focus on 意为“集中于” ，故选 A 项。rely on 意为“依靠；信赖” ；appeal to 意为“上诉；申诉；对有吸引力；呼吁；恳求” ；attend to 意为“注意；致力于；关心；照料；护理” 。6A.calm BupsetCtouched DguiltyB 解析：根据上
24、文可推知，作者本来因为成为真正的演员而感到兴奋，但是几乎没有人关心她自己的努力，只关心她父亲的情况，所以她很心烦(upset)。故选 B 项。calm 意为“冷静的” ；touched 意为“感动的” ；guilty 意为“内疚的；有罪的” 。7A.belief BlimitCmodel DproblemD 解析：作者由于外人都聚焦于父亲而无人关心她的努力而很苦恼，因此，此处指作者爱她的父亲，但她的问题(problem)就是他。故选 D 项。belief 意为“信仰；信条” ；limit 意为“限制；局限” ；model 意为“模型；典型；模范” 。8A.puzzled BinjuredChu
25、rt DconfusedC 解析：根据上文可知，作者因为她的父亲而心烦意乱，再结合下文内容，作者想改名字可知，她不想父亲因此受到伤害。puzzled 意为“困惑的” ；injured 意为“受伤的” ；6hurt 意为“受伤的” ，可指身心受到伤害；confused 意为“困惑的” 。故选 C 项。9A.role BnameCschool DmajorB 解析：根据下一句可知，作者不想再用托马斯这个姓了，因此，她想改掉名字(name)。故选 B 项。role 意为“角色” ；school 意为“学校” ；major 意为“专业” 。10A.cry BsmileCscream DlaughA 解
26、析：根据语境，作者说出会让父亲受伤的话，自己肯定也不舒服。cry 意为“哭泣” ；smile 意为“微笑” ；scream 意为“尖叫” ；laugh 意为“笑；嘲笑” 。故选 A 项。句意为：在一阵长久的沉默中，我努力不去哭泣。11A.ahead BaroundCabout DasideA 解析：当赛马奔跑时，它们会戴着眼罩遮住自己的眼睛，以便把注意力集中在前方(ahead)，不受任何干扰，也不看其他的马。故选 A 项。12A.hesitate BmoveCshout DlistenD 解析：根据上文中的 hear 及 but 表转折可知，它们听到马群的声音，但是它们不去听，hear 与 l
27、isten 相对应。故选 D 项。hesitate 意为“犹豫；迟疑” ；move 意为“移动” ；shout 意为“呼喊” 。13A.leading BcomparingCtying DintroducingB 解析：从上文可知作者不能忍受媒体总是拿她跟她的父亲比较，还因此想改名，她的父亲劝她不要受他人评价的影响。结合下文“.You just run your own race.”可知，不要在意任何人把她跟父亲比较。lead 意为“领导；带领” ；compare 意为“比较” ；tie意为“系；打结；与打成平局” ；introduce 意为“介绍；引进” 。故选 B 项。14A.until
28、BthoughCas DsinceC 解析：句意为：第二天晚上，在观众排队进入影院的时候，舞台经理递给我一个系着一条红丝带的白色盒子。根据句意可知，设空处表示“当的时候” ，引导时间状语从句。故选 C 项。until 意为“直到” ；though 意为“尽管” ；since 意为“自从；既然；由7于” ，均不符合语境。15A.delivered BhandedCdropped DpressedB 解析：根据下文中的 I opened it up 可知，此处指舞台经理递给(handed)作者一个盒子。故选 B 项。deliver 意为“邮寄；发表；接生” ；drop 意为“放弃；下降” ；pre
29、ss意为“压；挤；推；施加压力” 。16A.wrote BshowedCprinted DreadD 解析：设空后的“Run your own race, Baby.”是纸条上写的内容。write 意为“写” ；show 意为“显示；说明” ；print 意为“印刷；打印” 。此处指纸条上“写着” ，应用 read。故选 D 项。17A.grateful BmodestCindependent DconsiderateC 解析：句意为：爸爸本来可以用许多其他方式说出这句话：“要独立(independent)” ；“不要被其他人影响” 。据上文可知，父亲的意思就是要独立，故选 C 项。grate
30、ful 意为“感激的” ；modest 意为“谦虚的；谦逊的；适度的；端庄的” ；considerate 意为“考虑周到的；体贴的” ，均不符合语境。18A.toward BbeyondCthrough DbehindC 解析：句意为：在我整个(through)人生中，我已经能直奔主题扪心自问：“我现在是在参加自己的比赛还是其他人的呢？”all through 后接时间表示“整个” 。toward 意为“朝；向” ；beyond 意为“超出” ；behind 意为“在后面” ，均不符合语境。故选 C 项。19A.somebody BeveryoneCnobody DeverybodyA 解析：
31、or 表示选择，根据设空前的 running my race 可知，设空处指“其他人的” 。根据语境可知选 A 项。20A.recognition BdreamCexperience DheartD 解析：作者非常感谢父亲，谢谢他那些将继续深藏于作者内心(heart)的话。故选8D 项。recognition 意为“识别；承认；认出；重视；赞誉；公认” ；dream 意为“梦想” ；experience 意为“经历；经验” ，均不符合语境。四、1She is not at all mean; in the contrary, she is quite generous. 答案：inon2Wer
32、e trying to raise awareness about the environment in generally and air pollution in particular. 答案：generallygeneral3Nurses do all they can to make patients feel with ease. 答案：withat4We dont have enough books for anybody; some of you will have to share. 答案：anybodyeverybody5He didnt participate in the
33、 oral competition，because he didnt want to lose a face. 答案：去掉 a五、单元语法 v.ing 形式作状语或定语1(2016全国卷)People probably cooked their food in large pots， (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.答案：using2 (translate) into many languages, the book written by Lu Yao is popular in many countries.答案：Having been translated3A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, (leave) your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.答案：leaving4Do you know the young man (wait) outside the school gate?答案：waiting5The new film (show) in the cinema is exciting and I hope I will see again with my parents at this weekend.答案：being shown
