1、阅读与写作(11) 写作中常见的句法错误 旅游景点介绍随着社会的发展，旅游越来越走进人们的生活，因此，人们也越来越关注各个旅游景点的情况，旅游景点介绍类的文章在高考中也越来越多。,美文赏析 Cape Town on the southern tip of Africa is a famous melting pot of cultures and a worldclass tourist destination.The variety of attractions range from the historical and architectural to those oriented tow
2、ards the outdoors and adventure. Table Mountain,Undeniably the citys most breathtaking sight，Table Mountain recently made it into the final round of the New 7 Wonders of Nature contest.You can choose to either take a cable car up to the top or can enjoy a challenging walk through the Skeleton Gorge
3、trail.Once you have completed the climb，the unbeatable views of the city will make the experience worthwhile. Robben Island,Locating in Table Bay just below Table Mountain，Robben Island is a major symbol of South Africas segregated(被隔离的)past.It is famously known for the isolated prison it hosted dur
4、ing the Apartheid years when political figures such as Nobel winner Nelson Mandela were forced to stay there for many years. Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens,Situated at the foot of Table Mountain，the magnificent(壮观的)Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens hold more than 20,000 native plant species that can be
5、 observed at your own leisure.You will need at least an hour to stroll around the lower part of the gardens，or you can enjoy a shorter walk along the pathways of the slopes.Mustsee attractions include the pleasant grass and rock gardens.Dont_forget_stopping_off_at_the_Bird_Bath，a_pool_that_occupies_
6、the_center_of_a_shady_area_inhabited_by_70yearold_yellowwood_trees.,Victoria and Albert Waterfront Built in 1860，the V & A Waterfront is first and foremost an entertainment quarter that attracts over 13 million visitors annually.Its eclectic(兼收并蓄的)array of shops，restaurants，hotels and theaters attra
7、ct crowds all year roundespecially in the cold winter months.Named after Queen Victoria and her second son Alfred，this continues to be one of the liveliest locations in Cape Town. 【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了南非开普敦的主要旅游景点，它们各有其特色，值得一游。,一、阅读与积累 1攻克疑难词汇destination n目的地orient v朝向，面对breathtaking adj.激动人心的，惊人的The scene
8、 was one of breathtaking beauty.美妙的景色令人叹为观止。unbeatable adj.难以击败的isolated adj.孤立的；孤零零的stroll v遛达，散步K,2攻克疑难句It is famously known for the isolated prison it hosted during the Apartheir years when political figures such as Nobel winner Nelson Mandela were forced to stay there for many years. 结构分析 本句是主从复
9、合句。句中it hosted.为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词prison；when引导定语从句，修饰先行词Apartheid years.,尝试翻译 它因在种族隔离制度盛行时期岛上建立的与世隔绝的监狱而闻名。在那段时期里，一些政治人物，如诺贝尔奖获得者Nelson Mandela被迫在那里待了很多年。 二、理解与书面表达 1理解文章主旨The passage mainly tells us some_attractions_and_their _characteristics. 2理解与书面表达文中画线的句子是书面表达中易犯的错误之一，请同学们改正。_ 答案 LocatingLocate
10、d；stoppingto stop,3写作中常见的句法错误 考试大纲对书面表达中应用词汇和语法结构的准确性提出了较高的要求。准确性就是要求考生写出语法正确的句子，包括时态、语态、用词和句法等，但是不少考生由于英语基础差和受到汉语思维习惯等的影响，在写作时经常不自觉地采用一些不规范的表达。就句法而言，书面表达常见的错误包括：(1)主谓不一致例：Ten years are a short time in a persons life.改正：Ten years is a short time in a persons life.,应用：Every boy and every girl in our
11、country receive free education. 改正：Every_boy_and_every_girl_in_our_country_receives_free _education. Many a student have chatted online. 改正：Many_a_student_has_chatted_online. (2)时态不一致 例：They walked and walked and soon they come to a small river.,改正：They walked and walked and soon they came to a smal
12、l river. 应用：Then，I put my book under my desk，opening it and started looking for answers. 改正：Then，I_put_my_book_under_my_desk，opened_it_and _started_looking_for_answers. After that，we went boating on a lake and having a good time. 改正：After_that，we_went_boating_on_a_lake_and_had_a_ good_time. (3)词类不一致
13、,例：Their mother is honestly and friendly. 改正：Their mother is honest and friendly. 应用：The hosts kindness and generous made us feel at home. 改正：The_hosts_kindness_and_generosity_made_us_feel_at_ home. The man in the armchair has fallen sleep. 改正：The_man_in_the_armchair_has_fallen_asleep. (4)逻辑不一致 例：Th
14、e teacher wasnt looking at me，but I copied something.,改正：The teacher wasnt looking at me，so I copied something. 应用：He went to the soldier，taking out a shilling and gave it to him.And the soldier refused to take it and went far away. 改正：He_went_to_the_soldier，took_out_a_shilling_and_gave _it_to_him.B
15、ut_the_soldier_refused_to_take_it_and_went_far_away. Next time you look at a person，see if his or her ears are red and pale. 改正：Next_time_you_look_at_a_person，see_if_his_or_her_ ears_are_red_or_pale.,(5)代词替代不一致 例：There are so many books in the fair that I dont know what to buy. 改正：There are so many
16、books in the fair that I dont know which to buy. 应用：It is us who are to blame for the poverty because we used to“produce”children without limit. 改正：It_is_we_who_are_to_blame_for_the_poverty_because_ we_used_to“produce”children_without_limit.,He had many photos taken during the holidays and showed it
17、 to me. 改正：He_had_many_photos_taken_during_the_holidays_and showed_them_to_me. (6)介词多余 例：Work hard，and you will succeed at some time. 改正：Work hard，and you will succeed some time. 应用：At the first time I saw him，he was playing football with his friends on the playground.,改正：The_first_time_I_saw_him，he
18、_was_playing_football_ with _his _friends_on_the_playground. Their children cannot go to school because they dont have enough money to send their children to there. 改正：Their_children_cannot_go_to_school_because_they_dont _have_enough_money_to_send_their_children_there. (7)连词多余 例：My friend sent me an
19、 email to ask whether how I was getting along with my studies. 改正：My friend sent me an email to ask how I was getting along with my studies.,应用：As soon as the weather turns favorable，and we shall announce flights. 改正：As_soon_as_the_weather_turns_favorable，we_shall_ announce_ flights. Because he was
20、very careless，so he made many mistakes in the exam. 改正：Because_he_was_very_careless，he_made_many_ mistakes _in_the_exam. 改正：He_was_very_careless，so_he_made_many_mistakes_ in_the_exam.,(8)冠词多余 例：When you read electronic cards，you can get not only pictures but also the background music and even animat
21、ed cartoons. 改正：When you read electronic cards，you can get not only pictures but also background music and even animated cartoons. 应用：Now the manager in the charge of the company makes it clear that part of the money spent on advertising is wasted.,改正：Now_the_manager_in_charge_of_the_company_makes_i
22、t _clear_that_part_of_the_money_spent_on_advertising_is_wasted. The teacher told his students not to write silly things in the public places. 改正：The_teacher_told_his_students_not_to_write_silly_things_ in_public_places. (9)句子成分残缺 例1：Some people against the suggestion. 改正：Some people are against the
23、suggestion. 应用：Our school is a famous school with long history.,改正：Our_school_is_a_famous_school_with_a_long_history. There being many subjects，the students can choose whichever they would like attend. 改正：There_being_many_subjects，the_students_can_choose_ whichever_they_would_like_to_attend. All fli
24、ghts this morning have put off because of thick fog. 改正：All_flights_this_morning_have_been_put_off_because_ of_thick_fog.,The man was a good swimmer and soon pulled the drowning girl back the shore. 改正：The_man_was_a_good_swimmer_and_soon_pulled_the_ drowning_girl_back_to_the_shore. In past，the old m
25、an lived in the countryside. 改正：In_the_past，the_old_man_lived_in_the_countryside. (10)及物动词与不及物动词误用 例：Man depends water for many years. 改正：Man depends on water for many years.,应用：The teacher caught me cheating in the exam，but luckily he didnt punish for cheating. 改正：The_teacher_caught_me_cheating_in_
26、the_exam，but_ luckily_he_didnt_punish_me_for_cheating. One day some people on the shore listened shouts for help. 改正：One_day_some_people_on_the_shore_heard_shouts_ for_ help. (11)非谓语动词误用 例：The man admitted to break the glass. 改正：The man admitted breaking the glass. 应用：His friends objected to his giv
27、e up his job.,改正：His_friends_objected_to_his_giving_up_his_job. The girl regretted to hurt her best friend. 改正：The_girl_regretted_hurting_her_best_friend. The flowers need be watered. 改正：The_flowers_need_watering. My family expected me going to college. 改正：My_family_expected_me_to_go_to_college. The
28、 boy was made wash the car as a punishment. 改正：The_boy_was_made_to_wash_the_car_as_a_punishment.,The top student is well prepared for the exam and has nothing to worry. 改正：The_top_student_is_well_prepared_for_the_exam_and has_nothing_to_worry_about. I find the text easy to be understood. 改正：I_find_t
29、he_text_easy_to_understand. Comparing with the traditional cards，electronic cards are more interesting and lively. 改正：Compared_with_the_traditional_cards，electronic_ cards_are_more_interesting_and_lively.,(12)词语搭配错误 例：Which can be seen from his eyes，he is angry. 改正：As can be seen from his eyes，he is
30、 angry. 应用：As the days going on，he was beginning to realize his mistake. 改正：With_the_days_going_on，he_was_beginning_to_realize_ his_mistake. 改正：As_the_days_went_on，he_was_beginning_to_realize_his _mistake.,How fine weather were having! 改正：What_fine_weather_were_having! In the dark street，there wasnt
31、 a single person from whom she could turn for help. 改正：In_the_dark_street，there_wasnt_a_single_person_ to_whom_she_could_turn_for_help. The truck ran to the direction of the city. 改正：The_truck_ran_in_the_direction_of_the_city. Its very kind for you to have helped me out.,改正： Its_very_kind_of_you_to_
32、have_helped_me_out. Those who are brave enough taking adventures can take part in the training. 改正：Those_who_are_brave_enough_to_take_adventures _can_take_part_in_the_training. It was not long when they reached the stadium. 改正：It_was_not_long_before_they_reached_the_stadium.,(13)汉语式表达 例：I like table
33、 tennis and it is my most favorite sport. 改正：I like table tennis and it is my favorite sport. 应用：The hotel is twelve miles far away from here，so you should take a taxi or a bus. 改正：The_hotel_is_twelve_miles_away_from_here，so_you _should_take_a_taxi_or_a_bus. I know little about the city，because this is my first time visit here. 改正：I_know_little_about_the_city，because_this_is_my_first _visit _here.,
