1、语法专项讲练名词性从句,语法精讲,一、名词性从句的句法功能 名词性从句在句法上相当于一个名词，因此它可以作为句子的主语、宾语、表语，以及名词的同位语。 1主语从句 That the earth goes around the sun is certain. 地球围绕太阳转是确定无疑的。 Who will be the next president of our country is still hard to tell. 谁将成为我们国家的下任总统很难说。,语法精讲,有时为了避免头重脚轻，用it充当形式主语，把主语从句放到句末。 It is still hard to tell who wil
2、l be the next president of our country. 谁将成为我们国家的下任总统很难说。 It is a pity that you missed such a wonderful match. 你错过了观看如此精彩的比赛真遗憾。 另外，如果从句是一个完整的句子，仍要用that引导，不可省略。 That the earth is round is known to all. 众所周知，地球是圆的。,语法精讲,The information will be helpful to_will take over the job. Athose Bwho Cwhoever D
3、anyone,考点链接,语法精讲,【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：无论谁接管这份工作，这一信息都将对他有帮助。“whoever will take over the job”是介词to的宾语；whoever在从句中作主语。如果选择A、D两项，需要在后面加上who。 【答案】 C,语法精讲,2宾语从句 We all know that the earth is round. 我们都知道地球是圆的。 We suppose that running water is pure and clean. 我们认为自来水很纯净。 宾语从句也常由it替代，真正的宾语放在句尾。,语法精讲,We take it
4、for granted that running water is pure and clean. 我们认为自来水很纯净。 I hate it when people smoke before me. 我厌恶人们在我面前抽烟。,语法精讲,People in Chongqing are proud of_they have achieved in the past ten years. Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dhow,考点链接,语法精讲,【解析】 考查名词性从句。of是一个介词，介词后面需要加宾语。而此处宾语是一个句子，所以就需要填入一个连接词。根据语境，表示的是过去几年中所取得
5、的成果，只能用what。 【答案】 C,语法精讲,3表语从句 The problem is that we dont have much time left. 问题是我们剩下的时间很少。 My question is who is responsible for all this. 我的问题是谁对这事负责。,语法精讲,His parents try to do everything for him. Thats_they are mistaken. Awhere Bwhen Chow Dwherever,考点链接,语法精讲,【解析】 考查表语从句的连接词。根据语法知识可知，“_they are
6、 mistaken”为表语从句，且they are mistaken不缺成分，故横线处应为连接副词，根据题意“那就是他们的错误之所在”可知，A项正确。 【答案】 A,语法精讲,4同位语从句 同位语从句用来解释说明前面的名词，通常由本身无意义的连词that引导，不可省略。一般在fact，news，idea，hope，doubt，fear，belief，dream，plan，advice，suggestion，decision等名词后有同位语从句，具体说明这些名词的内容。 We were shocked at the news that dozens of miners were killed i
7、n this mine accident.,语法精讲,很多矿工死于矿难，我们对这个消息感到震惊。 Word came that there would be another hurricane coming. 据说将会有另一场飓风。 There is no doubt that he is the best person for this position. 毫无疑问，他是这个位置的最佳人选。,语法精讲,The fact has worried many scientists_the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. Awhat
8、Bwhich Cthat Dthough,考点链接,语法精讲,【解析】 本题考查同位语从句。句意：近年来全球气候不断变暖，这一事实使得很多科学家感到担忧。该题同位语从句结构完整，故选连词that。 【答案】 C,语法精讲,二、名词性从句的连接词 名词性从句由从属连词引导，有如下几类： 1由本身没意义，在从句中不充当任何语法成分的连词that引导。 He told me that he would come to visit us on Sunday. 他告诉我他将在星期天来拜访我们。 The teacher suggested that the students buy these books
9、. 这个老师建议学生买这些书。,语法精讲,2由具有意义，但在从句中不担当成分的连词whether或if引导。 I dont know whether he will go with us or not. 我不知道他是否和我们一块去。 He asked me whether I would accept him as a new member. 他问我是否能把他作为一名新成员接受他。,语法精讲,Kevin consulted his teacher about_he should study abroad after graduation. Awhether Bwhere Cwhen Dthat
10、,考点链接,语法精讲,【解析】 句意：Kevin就毕业后是否应该去国外学习征求了老师的意见。whether he should study abroad after graduation作介词about的宾语。where与句中的abroad矛盾；when与句中的after graduation重复；that引导的宾语从句一般不作介词的宾语。 【答案】 A,语法精讲,3由带疑问意义的连接副词或连接代词who，when，where，how，which，whose等引导。 I dont know who will take his place if he leaves. 我不知道如果他离职谁将接替他
11、。 We all know when and where the next Olympic Games will be held. 我们都知道下届奥运会将在何时何地举办。,语法精讲,4由连接代词what引导。 I dont know what he really likes. 我不知道他到底喜欢什么。 What he said proved true. 他所说的被证实是真的。 what作为连接代词，承担两重任务：连接句子和代替从句缺少的成分(可以代替从句主语、宾语和表语)。,语法精讲,What I want for the moment is a car.(主语从句中what是want的宾语)
12、我此刻想要的是一辆汽车。 What is left undone will be carried on by us.(主语从句中what是主语) 未做完的工作将由我们继续做。 The city today is no longer what it was 5 years ago.(表语从句中what是表语) 今天的这个城市不再是它5年前的样子了。,语法精讲,what在句子中除了可以代物(something)，还可以代人、时间、地点等。 Please tell me what you want./Please tell me the thing that you want. 请告诉我你想要什么。
13、 He is what is known as a walking dictionary，for he knows every word you dont know./He is the person that is known as a walking dictionary，for he knows every word you dont know. 他就是人们所知的活字典，因为每个你不认识的字他都认识。,语法精讲,After a long journey，they finally arrived at what is now Boston./After a long journey they finally arrived at the place that is now Boston. 经过长途跋涉，他们终于到达今天的波士顿。 After what seemed hours of waiting，it was finally my turn./After a period of time that seemed hours，it was finally my turn. 等待了像是几个小时之后，最后终于轮到我了。,
