1、Book 8 Unit 2 Cloning,语言点用法过关1.differ vi.不同;相异 教材原句 Think about how they differ.想想它们是怎么不同的。 语境应用 单句填空 She differs from her sister in many respects. We know of different (differ) cultures by learning English.,单句改错 She differs her brother in character. differs后加from However, I differ the man who is sp
2、eaking. differ后加with/from 写作微练 对于网上投票,观点是不一样的。(2016江苏书面表达)In regard to voting on the Internet, opinions differ/are different.,用法点拨 (1)differ from(=be different from)与不同 differ in(=be different in)在方面不同 differ with sb. on/about/over sth. 与某人在某事上意见不同 (2)different adj.不同的;有差别的 (3)difference n.区别;差异,2.f
3、orbid vt.禁止;不准 教材原句 Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning,but other countries like China and the UK,continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.有些(政 府)开始改革司法制度,来禁止进行克隆人的研究,但是其他国家,如中国 和英国,则继续收集克隆技术有可能提供的丰富的医疗救助的证据。
4、 语境应用,单句填空 The patients are forbidden, even if they have recovered, to drink (drink) in hospital. You cant smoke here. Regulations forbid smoking (smoke) in this room. It is strongly suggested that measures be taken to forbid students to cheat (cheat) in the exams. 写作微练 为了保护环境,政府禁止市民使用塑料袋。In order t
5、o protect the environment, the government forbids the citizens to use plastic bags. 单句改错 You are forbidden enter the library without permission. 在enter前加to,用法点拨 (1)forbid doing sth.禁止做某事 forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid sb. sth.禁止给某人某物 (2)forbidden adj.被禁止的,3.bot
6、her v.打扰;操心 n.烦扰 教材原句 However,the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease both- ered scientists.然而,她后来得了严重肺病,这一问题困扰着科学家。 语境应用 单句填空 He didnt bother to check (check) the exact wording of the contract. I am sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such an occasion.,完成句子 Why
7、bother going abroad to study when there are so many universities at home? 既然国内有这么多大学,何必去国外学习呢? 写作微练 让我苦恼的是妈妈禁止我玩电脑游戏。It bothers me that my mother forbids me to play computer games.,用法点拨 bother about为某事苦恼 bother to do sth.费心做某事 bother sb. with sth.用某事麻烦某人 not bother oneself about不为操心 It bothers sb. t
8、hat/to do sth.使某人苦恼的是 why bother 为何那么麻烦;没必要;何必 put sb. to any bother给某人添乱,4.strike vi. 划(火柴) n.罢工 教材原句 .proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people s hearts.证明了这一想法是如何使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧的。 语境应用 写出下列各句中strike的含义 Strike while the iron is hot. 敲击 A terrible earthquake struck this ar
9、ea last year. 侵袭,袭击 The workers decided to strike for a pay increase of 6%. 罢工,It struck me that he was American. 突然想起 The clock has just struck twelve. (钟表)报时 The girl struck a match and lit the candle. 擦/划(火柴) 一句多译 我突然想到明天我有一个重要的会议要参加。(2016课标全国书面 表达) It strikes me that I have an important meeting
10、to attend tomorrow. (strike) It occurs to me suddenly that I have an important meeting to attend tomorrow. (occur),用法点拨 (1)be struck by为所侵袭;为所感动 sth. strikes sb./It strikes sb. that. 某人突然想到 go on strike举行罢工 be on strike在罢工 (2)striking adj.引人注目的,显著的 (3)It occurs to sb. that.某人想到,5.owe vi.欠 (账、钱、人情等);
11、归功于 教材原句 You owe the lady an apology.你该向那位女士道歉。 语境应用 单句改错 Owing the heavy rain, our get-together is cancelled. Owing后加to I owe this to the doctor that I am still alive. thisit,完成句子 He owes it to you that he is so healthy. 他现在这么健康多亏了你。 写作微练 很多人都把成功归因于执行计划的好习惯。(2016浙江书面表达)A great many people owe their
12、 success to the good habit of carrying out a plan. 由于您的指导,最近我的英语学习进展得很顺利。(2017天津书面表 达)I have been getting along well with my English study recently owing to/thanks to/as a result of/because of/on account of your guidance.,用法点拨 (1)owe sb. sth.= owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物 owe it to sb. to do sth.(认为)应该为某人做某
13、事 owe sth. to sth.把归因于 (2)owing to 由于,因为 联想 表示 “因为” 的其他常用短语: due to;thanks to;on account of; because of;as a result of,6.objection n.反对;不赞成;异议 教材原句 On the other hand,Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. 另一方面,多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对,对媒体和公众
14、的想象力 也产生了极大的影响。,语境应用 单句填空 He objected to being treated (treat) like a child. I feel a strong objection (object)to getting up early. 单句改错 Whatever you say, I will object the idea of cloning human beings.在object后加to Now that this car is in good condition, I object to buy a new one. buybuy- ing,写作微练 因为
15、有人可能作弊,所以很多人反对网上投票。(2016江苏书面表达) Because its likely that someone cheats, many people object to voting on the Internet . 用法点拨 (1)have no objection to (doing) sth.对(做)某事没有异议 raise an objection to(doing) sth.对(做)某事有异议 (2)object v.反对,不赞成 object to sb./sth./doing sth.不同意、不赞成、反对做某事 (3)objective n.目标 adj.真实
16、的,客观的,1.pay off取得成功, 带来好结果;还清, 付清 教材原句 But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996. 但科学家们的决心和耐心在1996年终于得到了回报 语境应用 用pay的相关短语填空 Ten years ago, David borrowed a lot of money from the bank. In order to pay back his loans, he worked hard day and night. Finally, his ef- f
17、orts paid off and he paid off all the debts.,单句改错 It is required that we pay attention to improve the working conditions of the workers in our country. improveimproving 写作微练 结果,他们反对的那项计划最终取得了成功。As a result, the plan that they had objected to paid off eventually.,用法点拨 pay back偿还(钱); 报复 pay sb. for st
18、h. 为某物付给某人钱 pay for sth.付某物的钱;为某事付出代价 pay attention to注意 pay a visit to参观, 访问 pay a price for 为付出代价,2.in good condition 状况很好;情况很好 教材原句 The dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition. 渡渡鸟的灭绝时间相当近,因此它的DNA仍然状况良好。 语境应用 完成句子 Mike is out of condition (身体不好)because he never t
19、akes any exercise. You can keep the books for about 3 weeks on condition that (条件是)you preserve them well.,同义句转换 You should never lose heart when you are in trouble. On no condition should you lose heart when you are in trouble.(将on no condition放在句首) 写作微练 听说你健康状况欠佳我很难过。I am very sorry to hear that y
20、ou are out of condition.,用法点拨 in poor condition情况很坏 out of condition健康状况欠佳 working/living/studying conditions工作/生活/学习环境 on condition that.在条件下;倘若 on no condition一点也不;决不(放在句首时,用部分倒装语序),3.in vain 白费力气,枉费心机 教材原句 All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the gr
21、oup to overcome illnesses. 如果某个动物群体没有足够的多 样性以战胜疾病,那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将是无用的。 语境应用 用含有in的短语填空 Last year, David lost his job and he was in debt. But he is in possession of a big house now. All the things in it are in order/place , making the house very neat. He is warm-hearted and ready to help those in tro
22、uble/need . He often says efforts will never be in vain .,单句改错 My uncle is in the charge of a restaurant in our town. 去掉the 写作微练 事实上,我们所有的努力都付诸东流了。In fact/reality, all our efforts were in vain. 如果你想参加这次活动,请提前让我知道。If you want to take part in/participate in the activity, please let me know in advance.
23、 用法点拨 in danger 处于危险中 in trouble处于困境,in time及时 in need of需要 in advance提前 in charge (of.)主管() in possession of拥有 in debt负有债务 in order井然有序;依次 in fact/reality事实上 in practice在实践中 in return 作为回报 in place在正确的位置,The advantage is that.优势是 教材原句 The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these an
24、imals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是如果出现某种新的疾病,这些动物中的一些 可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并且把这种免疫力传给下一 代。,语境应用 完成句子 这种方法的优点是我们可以节能。 The advantage of this approach is that we can save energy. 他可能不会参加明天的聚会。 The chance is that he wont attend
25、 the party tomorrow. 单句改错 Undoubtedly, the disadvantage of the way is what it can waste much time. whatthat,写作微练 汽车普及的缺点是它造成了严重的空气污染。 The drawback of the popularity of cars is that it has brought about serious air pollution. 问题是他没有按时归还欠我们的钱。 The problem is that he didnt pay back the money that he owed us on time.,用法点拨 The advantage is that.意为“优势是”,that在此处引导表语从句,且 一般不能省略。 联想 常用的类似句型还有: The disadvantage is that.劣势是 The problem is that.问题是 The drawback is that.缺点是 The chance is that.有可能,
