1、 ) 90 100 ( 3 30 ) 1 (2016 ) L1 L2 ( C ) A L1 L2 B L1 L2 C L1 L2 D L2 L1 ,( 1 ) ,( 2 ) 2 (2016 ) ( A ) A V V1 B V V1 C A A1 D A A1 2 3 (2016 ) ( B ) A B C D ,( 3 ) ,( 4 ) 4 (2016 ) R0 R ( ) S ( BC ) A V1 B V2 C V1 A D V2 A 5 (2016 ) ( C ) A B C D 6 (2016 ) Rx R0 0 R S a 2.5V 0.5A S b R0 0.7V 0.4A Rx
2、 ( B ) A 5 B 3 C 2 D 1.75 7 (2016 ) ( B ) A B C D 8 (2016 ) ( A ) A B C D 9 (2016 ) ( A ) A B C D 5 m/s 10 (2016 ) 12V S P 4V P b 2V 10s R1 60J ( C ) A 1.5A B P 9s R 60J C R D R1 (12 1 2 24 ) 11 (2015 ) _ _ _ _ 12 (2016 ) R1 R2 R3 S A1 A2 _ _ V1 V2 _ _ S1 S2 A1 A2 _ _ V1 V2 _ _ ,( 12 ) ,( 14 ) 13 (2
3、015 ) _ _ _ _( ) 14 (2015 ) R S1 S 0.3A _3_V S1 0.5A R1 _15_ 15 (2016 ) _S_( _ _ ,( 15 ) ,( 16 ) 16 (2015 ) 10V P S 0.35A _20_ P _ _( ( 4 ) 17 (2 )(2016 ) A B ,( 17 ) ,( 18 ) 18 (2 )(2015 ) ( 4 ) 19 (4 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ( 24 ) 20 (4 )(2016 ) R 2R _ _ _ ( )_ 21 (8 )(2016 ) ( ) (1) _ _ (2) _ _ (3) _ _
4、 (4) _ _ 22 (12 )(2016 ) (1) _A_( A B ) (2) _0.26_A _ _( I U A /V 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 /A 0.10 0.16 0.20 0.23 0.25 0.27 5.0 6.3 7.5 8.7 10.0 11.1 8.1 (3) _ _( ) (4) I U B _ _ _ _ ( 14 ) 23 (7 )(2016 ) L P a AB (1) AB U (2) (3) P b c 5 4 (1) P UI I P U 1.2W 6V 0.2A RL U I 6V 0.2A P a L U U 6V L R
5、RL R1 I U R 6V 40 0.15A P I 2 R (0.15A) 2 30 0.675W (3) P b Ub U RL Rb RL P c Uc U RL Rc RL Rb 1 2 Rc Ub Uc 5 4 RL Rc RL 1 2 Rc 5 4 Rc 24 (7 )(2016 ) 220V 1210W 3 J/ g 10N/kg (1) (2) (3) 200V 80% 1kg 20 (1) P UI I P U 1210W 220V 5.5A (2) I U R R U I 220V 5.5A (3)Q cm(t t0) 3 J/ 3.36 10 5 J Q W W Q 3.36 10 5 J 80% 5 J P U 2 R 200V 2 40 1000W P W t t W P 4.2 10 5 J 1000W 420s 7min
