1、Unit 2 Working the land,重点单词 1struggle vt. & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力 2output n产量；输出 3hunger n饥饿；欲望hungry adj.饥饿的；有欲望的 4expand vt. & vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expansion n扩大；增加,5circulate vt. & vi.循环；流传circulation n循环流通 6battle n战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt. & vi.搏斗；奋斗 7therefore adv.因此；所以；因而,8equip vt. & vi.配备；装备equipment n设备(不可数) 9export v
2、t. & vi.输出；出口import vt. & vi.输入；入口；进口 10nationality n国籍nation n国家；民族national adj.国家的；国有的,11occupation n工作；职业；占领occupy vt.占领 12confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑的confusion n迷惑 13regret vt.遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；懊悔regretful adj.后悔的,14chemical adj.化学的；关于化学的chemistry n化学chemist n化学家；药剂师 15bacteri
3、a n(bacterium的复数形式)细菌 16reduce vt.减少；缩减；简化reduction n缩小；减少 17summary n总结；摘要；概要summarize vt.总结 18comment n评论；议论 vi. & vt.表达意见；作出评论,重点短语 1thanks to幸亏；由于 2rid.of 摆脱；除去 3be satisfied with 对感到满意 4would rather 宁愿；宁可 5build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发 6lead to 导致；造成 7focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于,8keep.free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)；
4、使不含(有害物) 9make a difference 造成差异，很重要 10keep in mind 牢记在心 11cause damage to 对造成危害 12in addition 再者，还有 13turn to 转向,struggle vt. 搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎 n斗争；挣扎 struggle with与斗争 struggle for 为争取而斗争 struggle against与斗争；为反对而斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力/争取 =make great efforts to do sth. struggle through 奋力通过 struggle to
5、 ones feet 挣扎着站起来 struggle on/along (虽艰难仍)继续做某事,struggle for,struggling with,struggling,to,the struggle for,struggled to her feet,Dina，_for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency. A.struggling Bstruggled C. having struggled D. to struggle 解析： 句意为：几个月
6、以来，Dina一直努力想找一份女服务员的工作，最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除B项；不定式作状语一般表示目的，故排除D项；C项相当于：Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress.而A项相当于：Dina was struggling for months to find a job as a waitress.根据句意可知，C项更符合要求，故为答案。 答案： C,expand vt.&vi. 使变大；伸展；阐述 expansion n. 扩张；膨胀
7、；扩大；发展 expansive adj. 扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的 expand into/to 使扩大，变大 expand on/upon 阐述，详谈,We should constantly broaden our views and expand our knowledge. 我们要不断地开拓自己的眼界、增长见识。,即学即练2(1)Metals _ when they are heated. 金属受热会膨胀。 (2)Weve _ _ _ by opening two more stores. 我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。 (3)I repeated the question and
8、 waited for her to _. 我把问题重复了一遍，等着她进行充分阐述。,expand,expanded,the,business,expand,therefore adv.(as a result of that)因此；所以,即学即练3He was very tired and _ he fell sound asleep. He was very tired. _ he fell sound asleep. He was very tired, _ he fell sound asleep.他累得很，因此睡得很熟。,therefore,Therefore,so,提示：there
9、fore 是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而 so是连词，可接从句。,4equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备 equipment n. U装备；设备 equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/物 be equipped with sth. 装备有某物 equip sb./sth. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而准备 be equiped for (doing) sth equip sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事 sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有准备做某事 a piece of equip
10、ment 一件设备,即学即练4(1)Our classroom _ _ _ a TV set and a tape recorder. 我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。 (2)A good education should _ _ _ _.良好的教育能使你受用终生。 (3)Our school has been given _ _ _. 我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。,is,equipped,with,equip,you,for,life,some,new,equipment,confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆,(1)confuse.and/with.把和混淆 (2)co
11、nfusion n混乱；迷惑 (3)confused adj.困惑的，烦恼的(以人作主语) (4)confusing adj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(以物作主语),Judging from his_expression，he didnt understand the_problem referring to teenagers mental health. 答案： confused；confusing,regret v可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾，抱歉,regret v&n. 遗憾；后悔；惋惜 refuse with much regret (many regrets) 婉言拒绝 to o
12、nes regret 令人遗憾的是 feel regretful for对感到后悔 express regret for/at/over sth. 对表示遗憾 regretn./pron./doing/having done 后悔做某事 regretthatclause 后悔，遗憾 regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地说/告诉/通知 Its much to be regretted that. 令人遗憾的是,共 96 页,21,Its no use regretting what you have done. 后悔你做过的事情没有用。 I regret that I
13、am unable to accept your kind invitation. 很遗憾，我不能接受你的友好邀请。 I have always regretted not having studied harder at school.我一直后悔在校期间没能努力学习。 We think，much to our regret，that we will not be able to visit you next year. 让我们深感遗憾的是我们认为明年不能去拜访你了。 We regret to inform you that your application has not been succ
14、essful. 我们很遗憾的通知您，您的申请未通过。,即学即练5(1)He regretted _ _ careless. He regretted _ _ _ _ careless. 他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。 (2)I regret _ _ you that we are unable to offer you employment. 我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。 (3)_ _ _ _， I must leave now. 令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。 (4)We heard _ _ that you were not successful in your plan. 听到你
15、的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。,having,been,that,he,had,been,to,inform,Much,to,my,regret,with,regret,Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh,yes. How often I have regretted_his advice! Ato take Btaking Cnot to take Dnot taking 解析：regret (not) doing/having done sth.表示“后悔 (没)做 (了)某事”。 答案： D,Mr Black，what about my applicat
16、ion? Oh，I regret_you that it hasnt been successful. Atelling Bto tell Chaving told Dsaid 解析： 句意为：布莱克先生，我的申请如何？噢，我很遗憾地告诉你，它未通过。由句意可知为“遗憾地要去干某事”，故选择regret to do的形式。 答案： B,focus n(兴趣、活动等的)中心；焦点 v(使)集中，聚集；(使)聚焦 be in focus 焦距对准；清晰 be out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊 bring sth. into focus 把某物集中在焦点上 focus sth. on (u
17、pon) sth.fix.on. 使集中于 be focused on/upon sth.be fixed on 集中于,即学即练6(1)The _ _ my camera isnt working properly. 我照相机上的调焦装置有毛病。 (2)Her beauty makes her _ _ _ _. 她长得漂亮，很惹人注意。 (3)We should _ _ _ _ our study. 我们应该把注意力放在学习上。 (4)She felt all the eyes _ _ _ her. 她觉得所有人都在注视着她。,focus,on,the,focus,of,attention,
18、focus,our,attention,on,were,focused,on,reduce vt. 减少；缩减；简化 reduce ones expenditure 减少某人的开支kspendt(r) be reduced to despair 陷入绝望 reduce to. 降至 reduce by. 减少了,即学即练7(1)He persuaded them to _ the price _ $1 000. 他设法使他们的价格降到1 000美元。 (2)Production costs have _ _ _ one third. 生产成本下降了1/3。 (3)The fire _ the
19、forest _ a few trees. 大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树了。,reduce,to,been,reduced,by,reduced,to,comment vt.评论 n评论，意见，议论 have a/some/any comment(s) on/about sth.对 有评论、意见 ask for comment 征求意见 make comments on sth.评论某事 No comment. 无可奉告。 Without comment. 不必多说。 comment(v.)on/ upon sth.评论，对发表意见 comment(v.)thatclause评论,即学即练8(1
20、)Have you any _ _ the proposals？你对这些建议有什么意见吗？ (2)It created _ _ in the press. 这引起报界广泛的评论。 (3)He made some useful _ _ my work. 他对我的作品作了一些实用的评论。 (4)He _ that it was an excellent film. 他评论这部电影很精彩。,comments,on,wide,comment,comments,on,commented,thanks to 由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末) because of 因为；由于 ow
21、ing to 由于，因之缘故 as a result of 作为的结果，由于 due to 因为，由于(不能放在句首) on account of 由于；因为,即学即练9(1)_ _ Jims warning, we avoided the accident. 多亏吉姆的提醒，我们避免了一场事故。 (2)I couldnt attend the meeting _ _ illness. 我因病不能出席会议。 (3)The delay was _ _ power failure. 延滞是由于停电。,Thanks,to,owing,to,due,to,due to,Owing to,Because
22、 of,thanks to,Thanks to,rid sb./oneself/sth. of sth. 使摆脱 be/get rid of 去掉，摆脱；抛弃 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 be free of. 摆脱,即学即练10(1)One day we will manage to _ _ _ _ this terrible disease. 总有一天我们有办法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。 (2)You must _ _ _ these oldfashioned ideas.你必须摒弃这些陈旧观念。 (3)Wel
23、l have to _ _ _ him. 我们必须摆脱他。 (4)How can we _ _ _ all the flies in the kitchen? 我们怎样才能把厨房内的苍蝇统统消灭掉？,rid,the,world,of,rid,yourself,of,get,rid,of,get,rid,of,be satisfied with 对感到满意 be satisfied that. 满意 be satisfied to do 乐意干 satisfy vt.满意；使满意 satisfied adj. 感到满意的 satisfying adj. 令人满意的 satisfactory ad
24、j. 令人满意的 satisfaction n. 满意，满足,即学即练11(1)I _ the result. 我对那个结果很满意。 (2)My parents try to _. 我父母尽量满足我的需求。 (3)There was _ on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。 (4)_，my boss agreed to my suggestion. 很使我满意的是，老板同意了我的建议。,was satisfied with,satisfy my needs,a satisfied look,Much to my satisfaction,lead to 通向，导致，致使 lead
25、n.to sth. 引导到 lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事,即学即练12(1)The bank has offered a reward for any information _ the arrest of the men. 银行悬赏任何能将这些人绳之以法的情报。 (2)What _ acting as a career？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？,leading to,led you to take up,提示：(1)lead to中的 to为介词，后面跟代词、名词或动名词。类似的词组还有：devote to 致力于/pay attention to 对加以注意/
26、object to 反对/stick to 坚持/look forward to 期望，等等。 (2)lead to 不用被动语态。 (3)lead to 是前因后果，而 lie in (result from) 是前果后因。 It is said that a cigarette end caused/led to/resulted in the forest fire. 据说是一个烟头引起了这场森林大火。,turn,take,built up,keep.free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等) 使不含(有害物) free from 没有，免于，无之忧 free of 无的；免于的，
27、离开了的 free sb./sth. from. 使某人/某物自由；解放；释放 for freefree of charge 免费地，无偿地 be free to do sth. 自由地做某事 be free with sb. 对某人放肆 free as the air 自由自在 set sb. free 释放某人,即学即练13(1)_ the table _ dirt by putting a cover over it. 用个东西把桌子罩住，免得灰尘落在上面。 (2)The lake _ pollution. 这湖没有污染。 (3)The secretary _ all blame for
28、 the errors.这些失误完全不能怪秘书。 (4)Try to _ all prejudices. 尽量消除一切偏见。,Keep,free from,is free of,was free from,free yourself from,struggle,regret,expand,equip,comments,C,A,B,B,C,The policemans _ traffic directions made all the drivers quite _. Aconfused; confused Bconfusing; confusing Cconfusing; confused D
29、confused; confusing 答案：C 解析：confusing “令人迷惑的”，多修饰物；confused “感到迷惑的”，多修饰人。,Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice! Ato take Btaking Cnot to take Dnot taking 答案：D 解析：考查regret 的用法。 regret to do 遗憾要做某事，regret doing 后悔做了某事。题意为“我经常后悔没有听取他的建议”。,If I ruled the world I
30、would _ the world _ wars, killers and everything else that is bad. Aget rid of; by Bbe rid of; by Crid; of Dget rid; of 答案：C 解析：考查 rid.of.“使摆脱”。,(2010安徽皖南八校二联)One primary goal of UNESCO is to _ modern knowledge society in which all people can participate in information and knowledge. Amake up Bpolis
31、h up Cbuild up Dtake up答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。build up建立；take up从事；polish up改善，润色；make up弥补，虚构，整理，和解，化妆。句意：建立现代化的知识社会，让所有的人都能参与信息与知识，是联合国教科文组织的主要目标之一。,Through determination, she had learned to read and write and _ to become part of the leadership of the village. Aappeared Bstruggled Chesitated Dfailed 答案：
32、B 解析：struggle to do sth. 意为“努力做某事”。,(2010南昌二中)On the bank of the river, we found him _ on a beach, with his eyes _ on a kite in the sky. Aseated; fixing Bsitting; fixing Cseated; being fixed Dsitting; fixed 答案：D 解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空用seated或sitting作宾补，第二空是with复合结构，由fix ones eyes on sth可知应用过去分词fixed。,How do
33、es Alma like her new job? She _ with the hours. Acant satisfy Bisnt satisfied Cdoesnt satisfy Dhasnt satisfied 答案：B 解析：be satisfied with 对感到满意。satisfy vt. “使满意”，主语是物，宾语是人。,(2010山西太原五中)The falling of the new building _ its soft base. Aresulted in Bsuffered from Cled to Dlay in 答案：D 解析：考查短语辨析。语意：新楼的倒塌
34、在于根基不牢。此处lie in表示“(原因)在于”。A项与C项的意思基本相同，表示“导致”，B项表示“遭受”，都不符合语意。,He had to take the medicine three times a day, so as to be_pain in the leg. Afar from Baway from Capart from Dfree from 答案：D 解析：be free from “免除，摆脱”； far from“远离” ；be away from “离开”；apart from “除了”。句意为“他不得不每天吃三次药，为的是摆脱腿部的疼痛”。,Much of the
35、 farm is under water; _ the grain, most of that has been ruined. Aowing to Bthanks to Cas for Das with 答案：C 解析：句意：农场大部分被水淹了；至于谷物，大部分已被毁了。A.由于；B.幸亏，由于；C.至于；D.与一样。,He was very busy, and _ he didnt go to the party that night. Ahowever Botherwise Ctherefore Danyhow 答案：C 解析：however然而；otherwise否则；therefor
36、e因此；anyhow不管怎样。,The population of Africa is _ so rapidly as to cause concern of the whole world. Aexpanding Bstretching Cextending Dspreading 答案：A 解析：expand 不仅指尺寸增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。stretch指由曲变直、由短变长；extend指空间范围的扩大或长宽的向外延伸，也指时间的延长；spread 指向四面八方扩大或传播。,China has successfully sent up the Shenzhou spacecraft into the sky _ with devices of sophisticated science and technology. Aequipped Bequipping Cto be equipped Dhaving been equipped 答案：A 解析：be equipped with “装备有”，句中equipped 为过去分词做后置定语。,
