1、Unit 15 Learning,单元语法Third conditional & Wish and should have,内容索引,Period Six Grammar & Writing,单元写作A personal essay,单元语法Third conditional & Wish and should have,单句语法填空 1.I wish it (be) spring all the year round. 2.If you (arrive) ten minutes earlier，you could have seen them off. 3.Its time that we
2、(go) to the railway station. 4.If they (not，help) us，our experiment would have failed.,语法感知,语法导学,were,had arrived,went/should go,hadnt helped,5.Youre five minutes late.I suggested that you (come) earlier tomorrow. 6.The smile on her face suggests that she (agree) with me. 7.I am too busy these days.
3、I would rather all of you (come) next month for a visit. 8.Should the weather be good tomorrow，we (go) climbing. 9. (be) I you，I would go with him to the party. 10.I (not，go) through that bitter period without your generous help.,(should) come,agrees,would go,Were,couldnt have gone,came,虚拟语气常表示某种情况与
4、事实不相符或表示说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、惊奇或设想等。它常用于非真实条件句中，根据其表达的时间不同主从句的虚拟结构也有所不同。,语法精析,一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的使用,If he were here，I would explain to him myself. 要是他在这里我就亲自向他解释了。 If you had taken your teachers advice，you would not have failed the exam. 如果你听从了你老师的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。 If it were to rain/should rain/rained tomorrow
5、，we would stay at home.如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。,二、混合条件句 在虚拟条件句中，有时主句和从句所表示的时间并不一致，此时应分别针对不同的时间使用不同的动词形式。 If he had joined the army thirty years ago，he would be a general now. 如果30年前他参了军，他现在就是将军了。(从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句则表示与现在事实相反的假设。),三、含蓄条件句 1.非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表示出来，只暗含在上下文中，如用but for，without，with，otherwise，or等词语。 G
6、iven more time，he could have done it better. 再多给点时间他可能会做得更好。 Without your help，we couldnt have finished our work on time. 没有你的帮助，我们不可能按时完成我们的工作的。,2.有些句子没有任何表示条件的单词、短语或句子，但意义隐含在上下文中，所以它们也需要用虚拟语气。 He told me about your coming，or I would have known nothing about it. 他告诉我你来了，否则我就一无所知了。,四、虚拟条件句的省略和倒装 当虚拟
7、条件从句中含有were，should，had时，可以省去if，而将它们移到从句句首构成倒装结构。 If I were in your place，I wouldnt do that. Were I in your place，I wouldnt do that. 如果我处在你的位置，我不会做那件事。 If you had turned to me，I would have helped you. Had you turned to me，I would have helped you. 如果你请我帮忙，我就帮你了。,If it should rain，we would put off the
8、match. Should it rain，we would put off the match. 如果天下雨，我们就推迟比赛。,五、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用 在名词性从句中也会出现虚拟语气结构。 1.在宾语从句中 (1)表示要求、建议或命令的动词，如suggest，order，request，advise，insist，demand，command等，后跟宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语常用should do结构，should可以省略。 Dad suggested that I (should) have a talk with her. 爸爸建议我和她谈谈。 The workers insi
9、sted that their wages (should) be increased.工人们坚决要求涨工资。,注意：suggest表示“表明”，insist表示“坚持说”时后面的从句应用真实语气。 Her pale face suggested that she was ill and I suggested that she should go to see the doctor. 她苍白的脸色表明她生病了，我建议她应该去看医生。 (2)在would rather后的宾语从句中，常用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的情况；用过去完成时表示与过去相反的情况。 I would rather yo
10、u hadnt let out the secret. 我真希望你没把这个秘密泄露出去。,(3)wish后的宾语从句用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的情况；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况；用“would/could动词原形”表示与将来事实相反的情况。 How I wish I could live another five hundred years. 我真希望我还能再活五百年。 I wish I had followed her instructions then. 我多么希望我那时听从了她的指示。,2.在表语从句和同位语从句中 在表示要求、建议或命令的名词如suggestion，pro
11、posal，order，advice，demand等，其后的表语从句和同位语从句中常用“(should) do”结构。 My suggestion is that we (should) learn another foreign language. 我的建议是我们应该学习另外一门外语。 His proposal that they (should) take immediate measures sounds reasonable. 他建议他们立刻采取措施，这一建议听起来很合理。,3.在主语从句中 当主语从句表示惊奇、惋惜、怀疑等时应用虚拟语气，谓语用“(should) do”结构。常用句型
12、为“Its strange/necessary/important/a pity/suggested/vital/desired/proposed/essential/natural.that.”。 Its a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer. 他拒绝接受这个报价真是遗憾。 It is strange that he (should) be so rude. 真奇怪，他竟然这么粗鲁。,六、虚拟语气在其他固定句式中的使用 1.Its (high) time that.后面的从句用过去时或其谓语用“should do”结构(此时sh
13、ould不可省略)。 Its high time that you rang him up. Its high time that you should ring him up. 你该给他打电话了。 2.在if only引导的感叹句中，其虚拟语气的用法与wish后的用法相同。 If only I had come two days earlier! 我要是早来两天就好了！ If only he were here！要是他在这里就好了！,3.在as if/as though引导的表语从句和方式状语从句中，用一般过去时表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑；用过去完成时表示对过去情况的虚拟。 He
14、 talks as if he were an expert. 他说起话来似乎是一个专家。 The injured man acted as if nothing had happened. 那个受伤的男子表现得仿佛什么事也没发生过一样。 注意：as if/as though引导的从句如果与事实相符，则应用真实语气。 He looks as if he is going to be ill. 他看起来似乎要生病了。,.单句语法填空 1.If the new safety system (put) to use，the accident would never have happened.(20
15、17北京) 2.Do you have Bettys phone number? Yes.Otherwise，I (not，be) able to reach her yesterday.(2017天津) 3. (be) it not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty.(2017江苏),高考链接,had been put,wouldnt have been,Were,4.If it (not，be) for his invitation the other day，I sh
16、ould not be here now.(2016江苏) 5.I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadnt been wearing one，I _(injure).(2016天津) 6.Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway _ (not，write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(2015重庆) 7.I wish I (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York
17、 then.(2015天津) 8.It is lucky we booked a room，or we (have) nowhere to stay now.(2015安徽),had not been,would have,been injured,wouldnt have written,had been,would have,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. (2016全国，短文改错)2.If you are me，would you talk to them
18、？(2015四川，短文改错),should,或Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.,were,.单句语法填空 1.If you (work) hard yesterday，you would be tired now. 2. it rain this afternoon，the basketball match would be put off. 3.The teacher advised that every minute (make) good use of here. 4.Id rather you
19、 (see) the film yesterday. 5.It is time that I (go) to pick up my daughter at school.,达标检测,had worked,Should,(should)be made,had seen,went/should go,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 6.I wish I have gone with him to England. 7.Had she felt well，Lucy would come to class today. 8.The man suggested that they will leave
20、 the building at once.9.If he had taken his parents advice，he will be a college student now. 10.It is high time we would go to school.,或The man suggested that they will leave the building at once.,had, have,should,would,should,.完成句子 11.真想不到我们俩会在这里见面。 Its strange that we here. 12.如果没有参加玛丽的生日聚会，我们彼此就不
21、会认识了。 If we hadnt taken part in Marys birthday party，we _each other. 13.如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就好多了。 If you my advice just now，you would be better now.,(should) meet,wouldnt have,known,had followed,14.他说起长城来好像他以前去过那里。 He talked about the Great Wall as if he there before. 15.我那天很忙，否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了。 I was busy
22、that day.Otherwise I there with them.,had been,would have gone,.短文改错 (2018福建闽侯八中高二期中) Are you facing a situation where looks impossible to fix? In 1969，the pollution was terribly along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland，Ohio.It was unimaginable that it can ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that
23、 it was actually caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of most outstanding example of environmental clean-up.,which/that,terrible,could, the,examples,But the river wasnt changed in a few days and even a few months.That took years of work to reducing the industrial pollution and cl
24、ean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is clean than ever.,or,It,reduce,cleaner,单元写作A personal essay,技法点拨,个人随笔主要是写自己的所见所闻(或按提示要求去写)，并适当谈谈自己的心得体会或看法、建议等。它不拘一格，短小精悍，形式灵活，可以描写或评论，或夹叙夹议或抒情等。其主要特点是层次和结构比较简单，内容单一(如写学校、环境等)，写作材料易于收集(主要是身边的世界，比较熟悉)，利于用已学知识表达生活中的内容。 在写作时
25、，要注意把握主题，然后围绕主题安排相关的个人信息或背景材料，支持细节等。譬如写学校，就要注意地理位置、科目、课外活动、理想中的学校等，然后安排好段落，层次清晰地进行表达。,写作指导,1.At the moment，I go to a senior high school in my hometown.Its quite. 2.My perfect school would be in the centre of the city，but near a. 3.Students would study all the school subjects such as.However，there wo
26、uld also be some new optional subjects，for example. 4.There would be many after-school interest groups，such as. 5.In conclusion，I think my school would have a good variety of activitiessomething for everyone.,常用表达,“少年强则国强”。为圆中国梦，每个人都应有自己的梦想。回首自己的成长历程，畅想你未来的路。目前，中学生英语报正以“My Dream”为题向中学生征文。请根据内容要点提示，写
27、一篇100词左右的短文应征。 内容要点： 1.你的梦想是什么？ 2.你为实现梦想做过什么？ 3.为实现梦想你还需要做什么？ 注意：可适当增加细节，以使文章内容充实、连贯。,典题示例,明确要求 虽然个人的梦想与中国梦相比显得那么渺小，但是，每个人都应该有自己的梦想。本文要求根据“少年强则国强”这个主题展开。要求回首自己的成长历程，并畅想未来的路。 内容要包括自己对梦想的理解，自己为实现梦想做过什么和为实现梦想还需要做什么。,审题谋篇,确定段落 Para.1 展示自己的梦想 Para.2 解释自己的梦想形成的原因(含自己所做的事情和将要做的事情) Para.3 对上文进行概括,联想词汇 1.梦想成
28、为 _ 2.玩电脑游戏 _ 3.期中考试 _ 4.想要放弃 _ 5.面对困难 _ 6.在我的老师的帮助下 _ 7.多亏了 _ 8.实现某人的梦想 _,要点词句,dream to be,play computer games,mid-term exam,think about giving up,face the difficulties,with the help of my teacher,thanks to,make ones dream come true,句式升级 1.我梦想成为一位受欢迎的老师，因为我希望能带给孩子们知识和快乐。 (一般表达)I want to be a popula
29、r teacher in the future.I hope I can bring knowledge and happiness to children. (句式升级)I in the future because I hope I can bring knowledge and happiness to children.(dream),dream to be a popular teacher,2.随着时间的流逝，我已经是一名高二学生了。 (一般表达)As time passes by，I am already a Senior Two student. (句式升级)With time
30、 ，I am already a Senior Two student. (with复合结构) 3.是张老师鼓励我勇敢地面对困难。 (一般表达)Ms Zhang encouraged me to face the difficulties bravely. (句式升级) Ms Zhang encouraged me to face the difficulties bravely.(强调句型),passing by,It was,who/that,连句成篇,My Dream I dream to be a popular teacher in the future because I hope
31、 I can bring knowledge and happiness to children.,With time passing by，I am already a Senior Two student.Just when I entered Sunshine School，I was a childish boy who liked playing computer games.I still remembered my first mid-term exam.I failed many subjects.I even thought about giving up.It was Ms
32、 Zhang who encouraged me to face the difficulties bravely.With the help of my teacher，I redoubled my efforts.Nowadays，I always come out on top in the school subjects.Thanks to Ms Zhang，I have gained a lot both in my study and in my life.I hope I can be as excellent as my teacher.,All in all，I will learn harder to get more knowledge so as to lay a good foundation for my future.I will make full use of my every second and make my dream come true.I believe I can succeed.,
