1、1,Targeted Selection 目标选才2010年10月16日,2,Objectves 选才目的,Systematically hire capable and motivated front line and management team for companies growth 系统地为企业招聘有能力的、能动性高的一线人员和管理队伍以支持和推动业务的发展。(业务、工资高但压力大、流失率) Reduce cost due to wrong hiring 减少招聘不当导致的损失(案例),3,Interviewing Experience面试经验 Challenges/issues选
2、才时的挑战/所遇到的问题 Expectation from the TS Workshop希望从目标选才中学到,Group Discussion 小组讨论,4,What Is Target Selection,What is Targeted Selection ? 什么是目标选才 ?,Target Selection is a standard candidate assessment process, utilizing a set of related selection tools.,目标选才是系统的选才的一个程序, 它运用一系列选才工具。,5,INDENTIFY : Dimensio
3、ns for each job built into Interview Guides from the competency models确定 : 每个职位所具备的各项能力(职位描述、工作要求)GATHER: Standardized behavioral questions asked to collect past behavioral examples ( STARS )搜集 : 通过行为问题,搜集过去的行为事例EVALUATE: Rate and discuss behavioral data from each dimension. Summarize and decide评估 ;
4、 通过所搜集的行为事例对各项能力评分,达成一致的聘用决定,What is Targeted Selection ? 什么是目标选才 ?,6,Agenda 日程安排,Targeted Selection concepts / 5 components / skills / tools介绍目标选才的重要概念/五项重要元素/面试技巧/有用的工具Opening / TS Objective 开场介绍 / 目标选才目的 Targeted Selection Overview 目标选才概览 Dimensions: Targets for success 确立工作所需各项能力 Tea Break 休息 Da
5、ta and STARs 应聘者的资料及行为事例 Motivational Fit 动力适合度 interview Techniques 面试技巧 Using the Interview Guide 使用面试指南 Asking follow-up questions 跟进问题 Taking notes 记笔记 Building rapport 建立良好气氛 Managing the interview 调节面谈步伐 Data Evaluation 资料评估 Data Analysis/evaluation 分析/评估资料 Data Integration/Decision Making 综合资
6、料/作出招聘决定Skill practice interviews and Feedback实战面试 练习与反馈,7,Targeted Selection Overview 目标选才概览,8,Buy-in 相互认可(专业、公司、应聘者、面试者周的案例 ),Equity 公平(减少主观),Accuracy 准确(猎头案例),Effective Selection System 有效的目标选才系统,9,练习一: Common Selection Problems 选才中常见问题,要达到上述目标选才的三大目标,即准确、公平、及获得应聘者和公司的认同,你需要成功解决常见的问题。请你参考以下问题,然后在
7、你机构最常见问题旁加上钩号。附件(1)Solution to common Problems TS 常见问题的解决方案目标选才Targeted Selection Components 目标选才的五个重要元素,10,Targeted Selection 目标选才,Targeted Selection Components 目标选才的五个重要元素Dimensions 能力 Selection System 选才系统 Data Gathering 搜集资料 Data and STARs 资料与行为事例 Interview Techniques 面试技巧 Motivational Fit 动力适合度
8、 Data Evaluation 评估资料 Data Analysis 分析资料 Data Integration/Decision Making 综合资料 / 聘用决定,11,Selection Funnel 目标选才漏斗,50 applicants 50个应聘者,10,4,2,1,In-depth interviews 目标选才面谈,Resume screen 简历筛选,Phone screen 电话面试筛选,Reference check 背景调查,获得聘用,12,Dimensions : Targets for Success能力- 成功的必要条件,13,What is Dimensi
9、on?什么是能力? Dimensions describe the knowledge, behaviors and motivations associated with success on the job. 能力包括:学识,工作动力及行为,这些是工作成功 的关键 Dimensions are the requirements of a job 目标选才中,工作要求称为各项能力 Dimensions are the targets in your selection process 在挑选中,要始终贯彻各项能力的概念,Dimensions 能力,14,Dimension Categorie
10、s 各项能力类别Technical Knowledge学识与技能Behaviors 能力Motivations 动力,15,Dimension Structure 各项能力的组成Name 名称Definition 定义Key Action/ Knowledge Areas / Facets关键行为/ 学识与技能内容 / 动力内容Job-specific activities / examples / facets description 具体职务活动/具体职务学识与技能的例子/ 具体职务的动力 内容描述 Benefits of Using Dimensions运用各项能力好处Achieve t
11、he three goals: accuracy, equity and buy-in达到三个目标:准确,平等,相互认可练习案例(2):各项能力定义(职位:营业代表),Dimensions : Targets for Success 能力- 成功的必要条件,16,Read each behavioral example and categorize it into one of the target dimensions listed on the front page of the handout 阅读行为事例,根据首页所列的各项能力,把他们分类。Write the dimension na
12、me in the box next to the behavioral example在第二栏写上你认为行为事例所反映的能力。Determine whether the example reflects effective or ineffective behavior relative to whats required in the target job, write a “+” for effective or “-”for ineffective.在第三栏指出事例能否正面/有效地表现应聘者的能力。,Behavior Categorization Exercise 行为分类练习(3),
13、17,Data and STARs 资料与行为事例,18,Work/Educational History/ Certifications/Skills工作/教育背景/专业证书/技能 Specific Experiences特别工作经验 Interests and Desires兴趣/期望,Three Types of Data 三类资料,19,In Search of Behavior,Interests/desires 兴趣/期望,Specific Experiences 特别经验,Work/Education Certifications/Skills 工作/教育背景/专业证书/技能,B
14、,Behavior 行为事例,Decision Making 判断能力,Building Customer Loyalty 客户服务导向,Initiating Action 主动性,Job fit 工作动力,Technical/Professional Knowledge/skills 技术性/专业性知识/技能,Planning & Organizing 策划与组织能力,Communication 沟通能力,Tenacity 坚持的韧力,Types of candidate Information应聘者资料的类别,Target Dimensions各项能力,20,Situation/Task
15、= Why 应聘者面临的情形/任务 Action = What done and how done 应聘者采取的行动 Result = Effect of Actions 应聘者的行动所带来的结果,The Elements of a STAR 行为事例元素,21,Data and STARS 资料与行为事例,False STARs 假的行为事例Vague statements 含糊的叙述 ( 时常,一般来说,我们,负责 )Opinions 主观意见 ( 认为, 相信 )Theoretical or future-oriented statements 理论性或不切实际的叙述 ( 计划,下次,如
16、果 ),22,Partial STARs不完事整的行为事例,Benefits of using behavior to predict behavior利用行为事例预测将来行为的好处 Eliminates misunderstandings about a candidates experiences减少对应聘者工作经验的误解 Prevents personal impressions from affecting your evaluation 避免受主观影响 Limits the possibility of candidates “faking it” with vague genera
17、lizations避免应聘者提供含糊空泛的资料,23,Exercise of judging STAR (False, True, Partial) 练习:判断行为事例是完整、假的、或不完整的?(4),1. 我认为要当一位出色的主管,关键在于细心了解员工需要和关心他们的感受。A 完整的行为事例 B 假的行为事例 C 不完整行为事例2. 当天电脑系统出故障,我断定它不能即日修理好,所以我让员工回家,但一小时后系统再次正常运作。我们因此损失了金钱和时间。A 完整的行为事例 B 假的行为事例 C 不完整行为事例3. 上次与客户洽谈合约,我是洽谈代表之一。那次的洽谈气氛极为紧张,双方各不让步,但我们还
18、是争取到了大部分要求的条件。A 完整的行为事例 B 假的行为事例 C 不完整行为事例,需要补充以下资料:情况/任务、 行动、 结果4. 科技日新月异,我预测公司现有电脑软件在半年内资料会变得过时,所以我开始寻找合适的软件代替,我阅读有关资料,并进行了试验。A 完整的行为事例 B 假的行为事例 C 不完整行为事例,需要补充以下资料:情况/任务、 行动、 结果,24,5. 发生大火当晚,急诊室挤满了伤者,情况混乱,虽然我已工作了十二小时,但仍继续当值,照料伤者,直至其他支援的同事前来我才离开,当时,急诊室的工作已恢复正常。A 完整的行为事例 B 假的行为事例 C 不完整行为事例6. 那次,我刚上班
19、的时候,大堂挤满了老人轮候登记,而当值的工作人员又没在值班。我用了大约二小时,为所有老人安排了房间。A 完整的行为事例 B 假的行为事例 C 不完整行为事例,需要补充以下资料:情况/任务、 行动、 结果7. 我最初担任这个职位的时候,公司没有一套记录客户投诉的系统。后来,我设计了操作简易电脑程序,并教同事怎样使用。A 完整的行为事例 B 假的行为事例 C 不完整行为事例,需要补充以下资料:情况/任务、 行动、 结果8. 如果我出任工作小组长,我首先做的是重新安排主要工作程序。A 完整的行为事例 B 假的行为事例,25,Motivation Fit 动力适合度,Importance of int
20、erviewing for the Motivational Fit dimensions 考察动力适合度能力的重要性- Increase the odds that people will stay on the job and be personally satisfied, decrease turnover提高满意度,降低流失率- minimize one of the common biases in selection; hiring someone who “looks like me”, Increase workforce diversity 注意个人不同特点,提高整体员工素
21、质 Three Dimensions of Motivation Fit 组成动力适合度的三类Job Fit: satisfaction with job activities and responsibility工作适合度 : 工作性质本身是否让员工满足(案例)Organization Fit: satisfaction with the organizations values and method of operation机构适合度:机构的运作模式及价值观是否让员工满意(案例)Location Fit: satisfaction with the geographic location
22、of the job地理位置的适合度: 工作或机构的地理位置和它的特点是否让员工感到满意或配合个人需要,26,Motivational facets and motivational fit four-quadrant grid 动力配对图,27,How to interview for behavioral examples in the Motivational Fit dimensions如何通过面谈搜集动力适合度的行为事例Use a when/what/why technique 使用“时间/内容/原因”提问技巧when a candidate was most/least satis
23、fied with a characteristic in a job/org 你在什么时候感到最满意/最不满意?what the person was doing or experiencing that caused the satisfied/dissatisfaction 什么情况或经验使你感到满意/不满意 ?Why the situation was satisfying/dissatisfying原因是什么?,28,Use the Interview Guide 使用面试指南Ask follow-up questions 跟进问题Take notes 记笔记Build rappor
24、t 建立良好气氛Manage the interview 调节面试步伐,Interview Techniques 面试技巧,29,The Preparation Checklist 面试准备一览表 The Outline for Opening the Interview 如何开始面试 The Key Background Review 背景资料审阅 The Planned Behavioral Questions 各项能力问题The Interview Close 结束面谈Post-interview Instruction 面谈后指示Dimension Coverage Grid 面试评估
25、表,Whats in the Guide 面试指南,30,Three Types of Questions 三类问题Behavioral: asks the candidate to provide specific information, describe “an experience youve had,” “a time when”, “a situation in which”行为事例的问题:要求应聘者提供具体资料。应聘者要描述”一次曾有过的经验“、 ”一段时间“、”一个情况“。Theoretical: asks candidates for theories, opinions,
26、or general actions.理论性的问题:询问应聘者的理论和意见,对一情况的看法或者他们怎么做。XLeading: prompt candidates to give the answer they think you want to hear. X引导性问题:提示应聘者提供他认为你所期望的答案。Only behavioral question can help you get complete STARs 只有行为事例的问题可助你获得所需资料:完整的行为事例,Asking Follow-up Questions 跟进问题,31,Situations Requiring Follow
27、-up 需要跟进的情况(7-9)Tips提示 Words such “usually”, “typically”, or “would” in a follow-up question indicate a theoretical question 如果在跟进问题中应用“一般来说”、“大多数会”、“会”等字眼,你只是提出理论性的问题 Leading questions seek “yes” and “no” answer or ask a candidate to choose in a “multiple choice” style 引导性问题要求“是”或“否”的答案,或者要求应聘者在“多项
28、选择”中作一个答案 Behavioral follow-up questions are worded in past tense and seek one specific STAR or a STAR 跟进时应询问过往事例和具体行为事例,32,Exercise of Asking Follow-up Questions 跟进问题练习第一种情况:应聘者提供不完整的行为事例情况或任务:- 描述什么原因导致你这么做的?你为什么这样做?- 你可以举一个采用那一方法的具体情况吗?- 类似事情发生时,你最难忘的是哪次?- 那时的环境是?行为:- 请具体描述你是怎么做的?- 你在项目中具体角色是什么?-
29、 详细讲述你采取的步骤。- 你首先做了什么?接着又做了什么?结果- 结果如何?- 这些结果与你所做的有什么直接关系?- 你怎么知道所做的是有成效的呢?- 别人对你的表现有什么意见?,33,2. 第二种情况:应聘者提供假行为事例若应聘者提供假行为事例时,不论是含糊的陈述、意见、理论、预言等,也便是 跟进的时候,也是你发掘行为事例所需的资料。,34,35,跟进问题阅读下列问题,在适当的方格内打上钩号,显示该问题属于哪一类;行为事例的,理论性的,还是引导性的。并将理论性、引导性的问题更正为事例问题。,36,When the interviewer asks a: 当面谈者提问:,Planned be
30、havioral question 行为事例问题,And the candidate provides a: 应聘者回答:,False STAR 假的行为事例,Complete STAR 完整的行为事例,Then, the interviewer: 面谈者:,Partial STAR 不完整的行为事例,Follow up to get a true STAR 跟进,以取得真正的行为事例,Follow up to get a second STAR 跟进,以取得另一个行为事例,Follows up to get a complete STAR 跟进,以取得完整的行为事例,Situations o
31、f Asking Follow-up Questions 需要跟进的情况,37,Why Take Notes为什么要做笔记 Benefits of Taking Notes做笔记的好处- Keeps you focused on collecting STARs集中精力搜集行为事例- Ensures that your impressions of the candidates and answers dont blur together in your mind确保不会将对应聘者的印象与他们的实际答案混淆一起- Provide specific STARs and background in
32、formation during integration process在做综合分析资料时有行为做依据- Gives you greater confidence in your hiring decision准确的笔记使你对选拔决定有更大信心,Taking Notes 做笔记,38,Note-taking Tips 提示Takes notes openly 让应聘者知道你在做笔记Note only pertinent information 只记下适当的资料Note behavior observed in the interview 记下面谈中观察到的行为Takes notes on se
33、nsitive or negative information carefully 小心处理敏感或负面的资料的记录Record key words 记下关键词汇Use personal shorthand 用个人速记方法,Taking Notes 做笔记,39,Building Rapport 建立良好气氛,Why building rapport is important in the interview process 为什么建立良好气氛非常重要 (案例 )meeting personal feelings and needs 照顾个人需要To be treated with dignit
34、y and respect 个人尊严获得重视,受到尊敬。To feel important 感到自己是重要的To be seen as competent 被视为能干的creating an environment that encourages candidates to respond openly and provide complete information营造一个环境,鼓励他们坦诚回答问题,提供完整资料make a good impression on candidates 有助于应聘者对应聘公司留下好印象,40,Building Rapport 建立良好气氛,Two key Sk
35、ills 两大原则Maintain or enhance self-esteem 维护自尊,增强自信。give the candidate sincere and specific compliments 给予应聘者真诚而具体的称赞minimize negative information 尽量减少负面资料的影响Listen and respond with empathy 仔细聆听,善意回应。when a candidate express strong negative feelings 当应聘者表现出不佳的情绪时can empathize with positive feelings t
36、oo 也可对应聘者正面的感受作善意回应,41,Managing the Interview 调节面试步伐,Importance of managing the pace of interview 为什么要调节面试步伐(案例)A well-managed interview benefits both you and the candidate 调节得宜的面谈对面试者和应聘者都有好处cover each section of the interview completely 确保完成面谈每一部分direct the discussion into and through most importa
37、nt areas把讨论引入重要的主题Control the pace of the interview by managing the amount of detail candidates provide 调节应聘者提供资料的步伐Prevent confusion, misunderstanding and the need to go back and clarify details 避免误解应聘者提供的资料,42,Managing the Interview 调节面试步伐,Two key Skills 两大原则Make procedural suggestions 提出面试程序建议(附件
38、10-11)Check for understanding 确保相互了解restate or summarize the information you want to check, then ask for confirmation of what youre checking 把你想了解的资料再说一遍,或简述一遍,然后向应聘者查询资料是否正确checking for understanding is often used with a procedural suggestion to move to a new topic这项技巧可与提出面试程序建议一起用,可以自然转往下一个话题,43,面
39、试程序建议:程序的建议代表你希望怎样主持面试,应聘者以什么方式回应或你希望讨 论的范围,而不是作为命令提出。开始时解释面谈的设计安排我想在开始时用五分钟就你的学历和工作经验取得些背景资料。然后我会问一些问题,听听你过去工作的具体事例和你怎样做那些工作。你觉得怎样?具体行为问题提问前我现在想换个角度,问一些你过去工作的具体情况,请你讲述这些情况时,具体说明你作了什么行动,结果如何?好吗?当应聘者作出扼要的回应时谢谢你,这就是我想要的资料。如果你继续举出这些具体例子,我们可以顺利完成有关讨论。当应聘者讲述太多细节时你可否扼要回答我的问题,这样我们才能讨论所有重要的范围。我真不想打岔,你在这方面的成
40、绩非常出色,但如果不转下一个范围,我恐怕没有时间了,好吗?把讨论带到具体的范围你提及这个问题,我想现在谈谈这个方面的你具体如何做的,好吗?,44,Data Evaluation 评估资料,Data Evaluation contains two phases: 资料评估分两步:Data Evaluation - your independent analysis and evaluation of the data you collected 分析资料 - 由面谈者独立进行,分析及评估所搜集的资料Data Integration - a process in which you discuss
41、 your data evaluation with other interviewers, reach consensus on the candidates performance in each dimension and make a hiring decision综合资料/选拔决定 - 与其他面谈者讨论,作出一致评分,共同作出选拔决定,45,Data Evaluation 分析资料,分析资料的五步骤:1. Identify complete STARs 找出面谈所得的完整行为事例2. Categorize the STARs 将所有的行为事例适当地归纳在有关能力之下Determine
42、 whether a STAR is effective or ineffective 分析行为事例的有效性判定应聘者在一些情况下,执行或并无执行一些关键行为,属于恰当或不恰当;良好或不良好结果;有效的事例旁加上(+),无效的则加上(-)Weight each STAR 衡量行为事例的重要性因素相关程度;行为的影响程度;发生的时间。5. Rate each dimension 对每项能力评分3 = Acceptable 符合职位要求4 = More than acceptable 超出职位要求5 = Much more than acceptable 远超出职位要求2 = Less than
43、acceptable 未达到职位要求1 = much less than acceptable 远不及职位要求,46,Similarity与申请职位的相关程度 Recency时效性 Impact行为的影响程度,Weight of a STAR 衡量行为事例的重要性,47,Data Integration 综合资料,选拔决定,Three steps: 综合资料的三步骤:1. Post their dimension ratings 在评分表上写下你对应聘者作出的评分2. Reach consensus ratings 协议达成一致评分3. Make a hiring decision based
44、 on the consensus ratings 作出聘用决定,48,POST Individual Ratings to Flipchart 在评分表上写下你对应聘者作出的评分,49,DISCUSS 讨论协议达成一致评分 Lowest Rating discusses behavioral content from Interview Guide FIRST Reach rating consensus by exchanging & pooling behavioral data,50,SUMMARIZE 作出聘用决定 Review entire candidate profile co
45、nsidering Relative importance of dimension Trainability of dimension Interrelationship of dimension Create bulleted summary,SUMMARY yes, Hire Great Energy, Initiative, Attitude which are not trainable 精力旺盛,主动, Territory Operations is not as strong, but considered trainable区域运作不是强项,可通过培训提高 Good candi
46、date. Strong past experience which building & aligning teams.,51,Data Integration 综合资料,选拔决定,Factors involved in making a hiring decision 在决定过程中,可考虑的因素Relative important of dimensions 能力的相对重要性Trainability of dimension 可否通过培训培养/提高的能力Interrelationships of dimension 不同能力之间的关系,52,Interviewer A,Candidate,
47、Observer Observer,Seating Arrangements,Interviewer B,53,Giving balanced, specific and sincere Feedback 给予平衡的、具体的、真诚的反馈意见Positive feedback: 赞赏对方的表现:- what the interviewer said or did that was effective具体指出表现出色的谈话或行动- why the interviewers actions were effective解释表现出色的原因 Feedback for improvement;提出对方表现
48、有待改善时- what the interviewer said or did that was ineffective具体指出改善的谈话或行动- what alternative you suggest提出改善建议 - what the alternative might be better解释能帮助改善的原因Restate or summarize the feedback so that you fully understand it重述或总结别人的反馈,确保你清晰了解他人的意见Dont become defensive about actions避免只顾为自己所作的行为辩护,TS Pr
49、actice Interview Feedback,54,Receiving Feedback 接受反馈意见Think of feedback as a unique learning opportunity将别人的意见视为难得的学习机会Ask for specific examples of what you did well and what you could have done better向别人询问具体事例,以了解自己表现出色及有待改善的地方Restate or summarize the feedback so that you fully understand it重述或总结别人的反馈,确保你清晰了解他人的意见Dont become defensive about actions避免只顾为自己所作的行为辩护,