1、英语介词口诀详解 早、午、晚要用 in，at 黎明、午夜、点与分。年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、帽 in。将来时态 in . 以后，小处 at 大处 in。有形 with 无形 by，语言、单位、材料 in。特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用 in。介词 at 和 to 表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。 早、午、晚要用 in例：in the morning 在早上in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上in the day 在白天at 黎明、午、夜、点与分例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候at noon 在中午at night
2、在夜间at midnight 在午夜以上短语都不用冠词at six oclock 在 6 点钟at 7：30 (seven thirty) 在 7 点半at half past eleven 在 11 点半at nine fifteen 在 9 点 15 分at ten thirty a.m. 在上午 10 点 30 分也可以写成 seven to five 5 点差 7 分(半小时以上)five minutes after two 2 点过 5 分at a quarter to two 1 点 45 分at the weekend 在周末年、月、年月、季节、周即在“某年”，在“某月”，在“某
3、年某月” (但在某年某月某日则用 on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用 in。例：in 1986 在 1986 年in 1927 在 1927 年in April 在四月in March 在三月in December, 1986 1986 年 12 月in July, l983 1983 年 7 月in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周in the third week 在第三周阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in，即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、
4、冒雨等都要用in。例：Dont read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树阴下乘凉。a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到车站去接我。The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society.
5、 旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛。以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女in uniform 穿着制服in mourning 穿着丧服in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫将来时态 in 以后例: They will come back in 10 days. 他们将 10 天以后回来。Ill come round in a day or two. 我一两天就
6、回来。Well be back in no time. 我们一会儿就回来。Come and see me in two days time. 两天后来看我。(从现在开始)After (从过去开始)小处 at 大处 in例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Dont worry.李和我平安地到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a
7、village. 我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母则住在农村。Im in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在辽宁省鞍山市有形 with 无形 by，语言、单位、材料 in例：The workers are paving a road with stone. 工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)“Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy”is a good opera. 是出好戏。(无形)The product
8、 is separated by distillation into gasoline and gas oil. 这种产品是用蒸馏分离出汽油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法无形)I really cant express my idea in English freely in-deed我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用 in)I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、
9、量、衡单位的用 in )The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是金铸的。特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用 in特征或状态：例: The Democratic Party was then in power. 那时民主党执政。They found the patient in a coma. 他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。He has not been in good h
10、ealth for some years. 他几年来身体一直不好。Many who came in despair went away in hope. 许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。The house was in ruins. 这房屋成了废墟。The poor girl was in tears. 这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。Her clothes were in rags. 她的衣服穿破了。His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了。I only said it in fun. 我说这话只是开玩笑的。She spoke in grief rather than
11、 in anger. 与其说她讲得很气愤，不如说她讲得很伤心。还有一些短语也用 in，如：in jest 诙谐地，in joke 开玩笑地，in spite 恶意地， in fairness 公正地，in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大，in sorrow 伤心地等。His mind was in great confusion. 他脑子里很乱。Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.今天大家都兴高采烈，没有一个情绪低落的。She and her classmates are in flower a
12、ges. 她和她的同学都正值妙龄。The campaign was in full swing. 运动正值高潮中。方面：例：We accepted the item in principle. 我们在原则上接受了这个条款。They are never backward in giving their views. 他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。A good teacher must be an example in study. 一个好的教师必须是学习
13、的模范。方式：例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有报告都用速记记录下来了。The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。如下成语惯用 in例：in all 总计in advance 事前in the meantime 与此同时in place 适当地in hopes of(或 in the hope of) 怀着希望in connection with 和有关in cont
14、act with 和联系in addition to 除以外in case of 倘若，万一in conflict with 和冲突in force 有效的，大批in depth 彻底地in regard to 关于in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近in retrospect 回顾，一想起in behalf of 代表利益in the least 一点，丝毫in alarm 惊慌、担心in the opinion of 据见解in the long run 从长远说来in ones opinion 在看来in word 口头上in a word 总之in vain 无益地
15、, 白白地in case 如果，万一，以防in detail 详细地in haste 急急忙忙地in conclusion 总之in spite of 尽管in other words 换句话说in return 作为回报in the name of 以名义be confident in 对有信心be interested in 对感兴趣in doubt 怀疑in love 恋爱中in debt 负债in fun (jest、joke) 玩笑地in hesitation 犹豫不决in wonder 在惊奇中in public (secret) 公开他(秘密地)in a good humour
16、心情(情绪)好“介词 at、to 表方向，攻击、位置、善、恶、分”介词 at 和 to 都可以表示方向; 用 at 表示方向时，侧重于攻击的目标，往往表示恶意;用 to 表示方向时，突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意。试比较下列各句：1. A.She came at me. 她向我扑过来。B.She came to me. 她向我走过来。2.A.Jake ran at John. 杰克向约翰扑过去。B.Jake ran to John. 杰克朝约翰跑去。3.A. He rushed at the woman with a sword. 他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。B. He rushed t
17、o the woman with a sword. 他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。4.A.He shouted at the old man. 他大声喝斥那老人。B. He shouted to the old man. 他大声向那老人说。5.A.I heard her muttering at Xiao Li. 我听见她在抱怨小李。B.I heard her muttering to Xiao Li. 我听见她在同小李低声说话。6.A. She talked at you just now. 她刚才还说你坏话呢。B.She talked to you just now. 她刚才还同你谈话呢.7.A
18、.She threw a bone at the dog. 她用一块骨头砸狗。B.She threw a bone to the dog. 她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。8.A.He presented a pistol at me. 他用手枪对着我。B.He presented a pistol to me. 他赠送我一支手枪。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、农场、值日 on，关于、基础、靠、著论。着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。特定时日和“一就”，on 后常接动名词。年、月、日加早、午、晚，of 之前 on 代 in。步行、驴、马、玩笑 on，cab，carriage
19、 则用 in。at 山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。工具、和、同随 with，具有、独立、就、原因。就来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。海、陆、空、车、偶、被 by，单数、人类 know to man。this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。over、under 正上下，above、below 则不然，若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。beyond 超出、无、不能，against 靠着，对与反。besides，except 分内外，among 之内 along 沿。同类比较 except，加 for
20、 异类记心间。原状 because of, owing to，due to 表语形容词。Under 后接修、建中，of，from 物、化分。Before，after 表一点, ago，later 表一段。before 能接完成时，ago 过去极有限。since 以来 during 间，since 时态多变换。与之相比 beside，除了 last but one。复不定 for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。快到、对、向 towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。but for 否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。ing 型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。之后、关于、在方面，有关介词须记全。in
21、内 to 外表位置，山、水、国界 to 在前。英语中的介词搭配比较复杂，是初学英语的难点。本文讲时态的使用制成口诀，可以帮助大家更快的掌握介词的使用方法。如大体掌握如上介词用法口诀，就不易出错。后面会有文章对口诀的使用做专门解释。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚; 以下皆用 on。例: on October the first 1949 1949 年 10 月 1 日on February the thirteenth l893 1893 年 2 月 13 日on May the first 5 月 1 日on the first 1 号on the sixteenth 16 号on the
22、 second of January 或 on January the second 1 月 2 日on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚on Boxing Day 在节礼日(圣诞节次日)on New Years Day 在元旦on my birthday 在我的生日但 in the Christmas holidays 在圣诞节假期; in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪;in ancient times 在古代; in earlier times 在早期; in modern times 在现代，则用in，at the present time
23、现在，at the present day 当今 则用 at。on May Day 在“五一”节on winter day 在冬天on December 12th 1950 l950 年 12 月 12 日on Sunday 在星期天on Monday 在星期一on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午on Friday evening 星期五晚上但 last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上; on time 准时，in time 及时，等则不同。年月日，加早午晚，of 之前 on 代 in例：on the m
24、orning of 18th 18 日早晨on the evening of 4th 4 日晚上On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a farewell speech. 他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会，他们的团长发表了告别讲话。收音、农场，值日 on例：Did your supervisor like the story over (or on) the radio last night?您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗?I heard the news over
25、(or on) the radio. 我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。talk over the radio 由无线电播音on TV 从电视里hear something on the wireless 在无线电里听到My brother works on an Army reclamation farm. 我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。The students are working on a school farm. 学生们正在校办农场劳动。This is a farmers house on a farm. 这是农场的农舍。Who is on duty, today? 今天谁值日?We go
26、on duty at 8 a.m. 我们上午 8 点钟上班。关于、基础、靠、著论例:This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation.今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。Professor Shen will give us a talk on traveling in America.申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。You are wrong on all these issues. 在这些问题上你的看法都错了。The belief is based on practical
27、experience. 这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。Theory must be based on practice. 理论必须以实践为基础。The people in the south live on rice. 南方人主食大米。(靠)The citizens live on their salaries. 城市人靠薪金生活。You cant afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month靠月薪 100 元的收入，你是买不起奢侈品的。Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food 她用精饲料喂养她心
28、爱的狗。He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people. 他正是一个小偷，专靠损害别人过日子。Keep the kettle on the boil (=boiling). 让水壶的水一直开着。The enemy are on the run (=running). 敌人在逃跑。On 后接 the 加上一个作名词的动词其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如：on the march 在行军中，on the mend 在好转中，on the prowl 徘徊，on the move 活动中，on the scrounge 巧取豪夺(俚语)
29、，on the go 活跃，忙碌，on the lookout 注意,警戒，on the watch 监视着。on the hop 趁不备抓住某人等等。on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship 实践论和矛盾论on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship 论人民民主专政“on Coalition Government”论联合政府着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准注：口诀中的“着”是指着火，“罢”指罢工，“偷”指偷偷地，“公”指出差、办公事；“假”指休假，“准”指准时。例：The house next to mine
30、was on fire. 我邻居的房子着火了。The workers of the railway station were on strike. 铁路工人罢工了。Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。Do something on the sly (quiet). 秘密地(暗地里，偷偷地)做某事。Ive come here on business. 我是有公事来的。They went to Bern on a mission. 他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。They
31、have been away on a long trip. 他们出去做一次长途旅行。Ill go home on leave next month. 下月我将休假回家。I went on business to Shanghai. I did not take leave. 我是公出去上海的，不是不告而别。She came to see you on purpose. 她是专程来看你的。He came here on purpose to discuss it with you. 他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。“This lunch is on me.”“这顿午饭我付钱。”“No. lets
32、 go Dutch.”“不，还是各付各的。”On the contrary, it was very easy to understand. 相反，这事儿很容易理解。P1ease come on time. (on schedule). 请准时来。注：in time 是“及时”的意思。The train arrived on schedule. 火车准时到达。特定时间和“一就”，左右 on 后动名词例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling. 气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩。(特定时间)On entering the room, he fou
33、nd his friends dancing in high spirits.一进屋，他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang. 一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。Ill write to him on hearing from you. 我接到你的来信就给他写信。(一就)以及 on the left, right 向左向右，on the stair 在台阶上等中考英语作文必备的 10 个“万能”句型1. 不用说 It goes without saying that = （It is） needless to say
34、（that） = It is obvious that 例：不用说早睡早起是值得的。It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2. 在各种之中， Among various kinds of ， /= Of all the ， 例在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.3. 就我的看法；我认为In my opinion, = To my mind, = As far as I am concerned, = I am
35、of the opinion that 例：In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.就我的看法打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。4. 随着人口的增加 With the increase/growth of the population, 随着科技的进步 With the advance of science and technology, 例：With the rapid development of Taiwans economy, a lot of so
36、cial problems have come to pass.随着台湾经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。5. 是必要的 It is necessary （for sb.） to do / that 是重要的 It is important/essential （for sb.） to do / that 是适当的 It is proper （for sb.） to do / that 是紧急的 It is urgent （for sb.） to do / that 例：It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.It is prop
37、er that we （should） keep the public places clean.我们应当保持公共场所清洁。6. 花费 spend on sth. / doing sth. 例：我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。We shouldnt spend too much time on something we arent interested in.7. how 引导的感叹句例：那至少可以证明你很诚实。At least it will prove how honest you are.8. 状语从句A）如果你不，你就会 If you dont ， youll 例If y
38、ou dont keep working hard, youll lose the chance.如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。B） 如此 ，以至于 so that 例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。C） 每当我听到我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear ， I cannot but feel excited.每当我做我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do ， I cannot but feel sad.每当我想到我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenev
39、er I think of ， I cannot but feel nervous.每当我遭遇我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with ， I cannot but feel frightened.每当我看到我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see ， I cannot but feel surprised.例：Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I c
40、annot help feeling sad.每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。9. 宾语从句我认为， / 我认为不 I think / I dont think that 我想知道是否 I wonder whether 例：He doesnt think I should stop him joining the club.他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。10. Since + S + 过去式， S + 现在完成式。例：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他就一直很用功
41、。中考英语精华中国式英语教育精华，几十年前如此，几十年后估计也如此。1. enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事This boy enjoys watching TV.like doing sth./ like to do sth. 喜欢做某事I like singing, but I dont like to sing now.2. feel like sth/ doing sth.(= want sth/to do sth) 想要做某事I dont feel like eating anything now.3. thank sb for sth/ doing sth.Thank yo
42、u for helping us.4. would like sth/ to do sth= want sth/ to do sth. 想要某物或做某事1) Would you like some apples? Yes, please./ No, thanks.2) Would you like to go swimming with us?=Will/Would/Can/Could you please (not)go swimming with us?5. keep /stop/prevent/protect sth/ sb. from doing sth.阻止做某事We must st
43、op the wind from blowing the earth away.6. stop (give up)doing sth. 停止做某事/ stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事1) When the teacher came in , they stopped speaking. 2) I m very tired, lets stop to have a rest.7. tell/ask/warn sb. (not) to do sth.告诉/ 请求/警告某人（不）做某事1) The teacher told us not to be late for school.2)
44、 She asked me to help her yesterday.8. A:Whats the weather like today?= How is the weather today?B: Its windy/raining(rainy).9. make/ let sb/sth(not) do sth.迫使/ 让某人（不）做某事1) It makes me feel happy.2) Let the boys not play football on the road.10. keep doing sth.继续做某事/ keep sb. doing sth.使某人保持某种状态1) H
45、e kept watching TV for an hour.2) Im sorry I kept you waiting so long.11. how about sth/ doing sth.= what about sth/ doing sth. 怎么样？A: What about going for a walk?B: Good idea.12. What do you think of sth/sb.= How do you like sb./ sth?你觉得怎么样？A: What do you think of China?B: Its great.13. How to make
46、 a phone call in English.（打电话的术语）1). May/Can/ Could I (please )speak to sb.?（我可以找某人接电话吗？）Speaking.（请讲）/ Wait a moment（等一会儿）./ Hold on for a moment.2). Is that sb. speaking? （你是某人吗？） Yes, it is.（是的，我是）/ No, it isnt.3). Who is that /it speaking?（你是谁？）4). This is sb. speaking.（我是某人）14. be made of/ be m
47、ade from 由制成be made in 生产在1) This desk is made of wood.2) Paper is made from wood.3) This kind of TV set is made in Xian.15. keep sth. + adj 保持怎么样We must keep our classroom clean.（我们必须保持教室干净）16. happen to sb/sth.某人或某物发生What happened to you?= Whats wrong with you?17. one the other(two)/the others一个另（
48、两个）some others 一些 其他1) I have two brothers, one is at work, the other is at school.2) I have three books, one is new, the other two(the others) are old.3) Some students are digging, others are planting trees.another 又一， 再一（超出所指范围）4) I dont want these books, can you show me another one?18. use for st
49、h./ doing sth.用做 This cup is used for drinking.19. change/turn/put/translate sth into sth.把变成Can you put this sentence into English?20. it takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多少时间做某事。A:How long does it take you to finish your homework every day?B:It takes me two hours to finish my homework every day.21. get on(上)/off ( 下)the train/ plane/ busget in(to)(上)/ out of(下) the car/ boat/lift
