1、第十二讲 八年级( 下)Units 7 8重点词汇1.deep(adj.)深的2 population(n.)人口数量3Asia(n.)亚洲4 ancient(adj.)古代的；古老的5 thick(adj.)厚的6 condition(n.)条件7.force(n.)力量8wild( adj.)野生的9 huge(adj.)巨大的10island(n.)岛11abroad(adv.) 在国外；到国外12 modern(adj.)现代化；当代的词汇拓展1.tour游客 tourist2 protect保卫 protection3 achieve 成就；成绩achievement4include
2、 ( 介词)including5succeed(名词)success(形容词)successful6.nature(形容词)natural7wake 醒着 awake8excite兴奋 excitement9weigh(名词)weight10ill(名词)illness重点短语1.据我所知 as far as I know2吸入；吞入 take in3面对(问题 )in the face of4 即使；虽然 even thougheven if5出生时 at birth6到达(数量)up to7走路时撞着 walk into8.绊倒 fall over9大约 or so10满是 的；有丰富的f
3、ull of11赶快；急忙 hurry up12属于 belong to13自从 ever since14互相 one another重点句型1.Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高。2China has the biggest population in the world.中国是世界上人口最多的国家。3Its much older than the US.它比美国要古老得多。4Even more serious difficulties included freezing w
4、eather condi tions and heavy storms.更加严峻的困难包括极冷的天气状况和巨大的风暴。6.Its about four sisters growing up它是有关于四组妹成长的故事。7 So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship.所以我不会放弃，而要等下一艘船。8Listening to the Toms is a good way to wake up听汤姆斯乐队的演奏是醒来的一个好方法。9When Sarah was a teenager，she used to fight over alm
5、ost everything with her family.当萨拉还是青少年时，她常常与她的家人在一5The babies often die from illness and do not live very long.这些幼崽死于疾病并且活不很长。切事情上作对。10 She came to realise how much she actually missed all of them.她逐渐意识到实际上她是多么想念他们所有的人。一、根据句意、首字母或汉语提示，填入恰当的单词。1My mother likes winter because of the beauty of snow.2A
6、bout one third of the earths surface is land，the rest is water.3You should wait in line to buy tickets.4We can walk across the river.It isnt deep5Wendy is a panda.She eats 8 kilos of bamboo every day.6Bianque was a famous doctor in ancient China.7I have been back home from the desert(沙漠) 8I dont lik
7、e the working conditions( 环境) here.9What technologies(科技) or tools may I use to do this?10My brother has never been abroad(到国外) before.二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11Have you decided yet which book to_write(write) for English class?12I can feel his excitement (exciting) of becoming a parent.13His illness(ill)
8、was worse than the doctor first thought.14Day by day she seems to grow a littletaller(tall)15A thin coat gives little protection (protect) against the cold.三、根据汉语完成英语句子。16当你等公共汽车时，请排队。Please wait in line when you wait for the bus.17在公共场所大声喧哗是不好的。Talking loudly in public places is not good.18如果你看到有人在
9、违反礼节规则，你可以给他提一些建议。If you see someone breaking the rules of etiquette，you may give him some suggestions.19凯特太害羞了，没有和他们交朋友。Kate is too shy to make friends with them.20今晚我想去看电影而不是看电视。I want to go to the movies rather than watch TV tonight.一、China has the biggest population in the world.中国是世界上人口最多的国家。【考
10、点精讲】population 是一个集合名词，意为“人口” 。(1)population 常与定冠词 the 连用，作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。eg：The worlds population is increasing faster and faster.全世界的人口增长得越来越快。(2)当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。 eg：About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers.中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。(3)有时 population 可用作可数名词，其前面可用不定冠词
11、。eg：New York is a big city with a population of over 10 million.纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。(4)表示人口的“多”或“少” ，不用“much” 或“little” ，而要用“large”或“small”。eg：Singapore has a small population.新加坡人口少。(5)询问某国、某地有多少人口时，不用“How much？” ，而用“How large？” ；问具体人口时用“Whats the population of ？” 。eg：How large is the population of yo
12、ur hometown ?你们家乡有多少人口？The worlds population is growing _，and there is _ land and water for growing rice.(2012，随州)Alarge；less Blarger；fewerCmore；less Dmore；fewer【解析】A。修饰 population 用形容词 lar ge 或 small，排除 C、D 两项，less 修饰不可数名词，fewer 修饰可数名词，land 为不可数名词，故选 A。【即时演练】.单项选择。1_A_ the population of China?Its a
13、bout 1.3 billion.(2012，衡阳)AWhats BHow manyCHow much is2China has a _A_ population than any other country in the world.Alarger Bsmaller Cfewer Dmore3The _A_ of Guangzhou _ about 8 million.Apopulation； is Bpopulation；areCpeople；is Dperson ；is.根据汉语完成句子。4中国大约有 13 亿人口。China has a population of about 1.3
14、billion.二、Its 8，844，43 meters high ！它 8 844.43 米高。【考点精讲】英语中表示事物的长、宽、高、深、远等的基本结构为：be基数词名词形容词(long/wide/high/deep/away 等 )，在句中作表语或后置定语。 eg：The bridge is 150 meters long.这座桥长 150 米。How amazing the noodle is！ (2014，厦门)Yes， it is _，and breaks the Guinness World Record as the longest handmade noodle.A1，70
15、4meterlong B1，704meterslongC1，704 meter long D1，704 meters long【解析】D。英语中表示物体的长度用 “基数词名词形容词” 。故选 D。 【即时演练】.单项选择。1The Sutong Highway Bridge，a _B_ bridge is already open to traffic.A32 kilometers long B32 kilometerlongC32 kilometer long D32kilometerslong2The river running through our city，which is abou
16、t _A_，is clean again.A6，000 meters long B6，000meterslongC6，000meterlong D6，000 meter long.根据汉语完成句子。3我们的教室 6 米宽。Our classroom is about six meters wide4这个洞大约 2 米深。The hol e is about two meters deep5这条河大约 3，700 米长。The river is about 3700 meters long三、，such as the importance of money and success，but not
17、 about belonging to a group.比如金钱和成功的重要性，但不属于一类。【考点精讲】belong to 意为“属于；归所有， ”其中 belong 是不及物动词，常与介词 to 连用。后接代词作宾语时，要用宾格形式(不可用物主代词) ；后接名词时 ，也不能用所有格。belong to sb.be ones 属于某人的，ones 是物主代词，或名词所有格形式。eg：The bicycle belongs to Amy. The bicycle is Amys.这辆自行车是艾米的。The book belongs to me.The book is mine.这本书是我的。其
18、中，对 Amy、me 提问用 who；对 Amys、mine 提问用 whose。【辨析】belong to 与 havebelong to 意为“属于” ，而 have 意为“拥有” ；belong to 是物作主语，强调某物属于某人，have 是人作主语，强调某人拥有某物；belong to 不用于进行时，也没有被动语态。eg：The new bike belongs to Mary.这辆新自行车是玛丽的。 Mary has a new bike.玛丽有一辆新自行车。The French book must be_Li_YingsShes the only one whos studyin
19、g French.(2013，黄冈)Abelong to Li Yings Bbelong to Li YingCbelong Li Yings Dbelong Li Ying【解析】B。句意“这本法语书一定是李英的。她是唯一学习法语的人。 ”must be sbs 相当于 must belong to sb.故选 B。【即时演练】.单项选择。1.Mo Yan，a famous Chinese writer，won the Nobel Prize for literature at the end of the year 2012.We learn that success _C_ the p
20、erson with a nevergiveup attitude.(2013，哈尔滨)Adrives out Btakes over Cbelongs to2The hair band must _A_Shes the only girl at the party.Abelong to Lily Bbelong to LilysCbe Lily Dis Lilys3Do you know Diaoyu Island？(2014 ，咸宁)Sure.It _C_ China since ancient times.Abelongs to Bbelonged toChas belonged to
21、Dis belong to.根据汉语完成句子。4It is wellknown that the Diaoyu Islands belong(属于) to China.(2014，烟台)5这棵树一定属于我们。(belong to)(2014 ，枣庄)The_tree_must_belong_to_us.四、 【辨析】have gone to/have been to/have been in【考点精讲】have gone to 意思是“去了( 某地)，还没有回来” ，强调某人现在不在说话地，并说明去向。eg：Where is your father？你父亲在哪里？He has gone to
22、work.他去上班了。have been to 意思是“去过 (某地)，已经回来” ，强调某人曾去过某地。 eg：He has been to Beijing twice.他已去过北京两次了。have been in 意为“到某地多长时间了 ”，常与时间段连用。 eg：I have been in Australia for three years.我到澳大利亚已有三年了。【注意】have gone to，have been in 与 have been to 后接表示地点的副词 there，here 等时，介词 to 和 in 常省略。 eg：You have never been ther
23、e before，have you？你以前从来没有去过那儿，是吗？Mr.Wang isnt here.I think he _ Guiyang.(2014，铜仁)Ahas gone to Bhas been toCgoes Dwent【解析】A。考查现在完成时的用法。 have been to “曾经去过某地” ；have gone to“去某地了，还未回来” 。句意：王先生不在这儿 ，我想他去了贵阳。故选 A。【即时演练】.单项选择。1Jim isnt in the classroom.Where is he now?He _C_ the library.(2014，滨州)Awill go
24、to Bhas been toChas gone to Dgoes to 2Where is your father?He _B_ Australia and he _ Sydney for two weeks.(2013，阜康)Ahas been to；has been inBhas gone to ；has been inChas been in；has been toDhas gone to；has been to3Where is Mr.Wang?He together with his students _A_ Zhuyuwan Park.(2014，扬州)Ahas gone to
25、Bhave gone toChas been to Dhave been to五、 【辨析】the number of/a number of【考点精讲】the number of 意为“的数量、数目” ，of 后常接名词的复数形式或单数可数名词。当它作主语，谓语动词须用单数形式。eg：The number of students in our class is 36.我们班的学生数是 36。a number of 意为“许多” ，of 后可接名词的复数形式。相当于 many，可用large，small 修饰，表示程度。若作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式。eg：A number of stude
26、nts are playing football.许多学生在踢足球。In our school library there _ a number of books on science，and in these years the number of them _ growing larger and larger.(2013，安顺)Aare ；is Bis；areChave ；are Dhas；is【解析】A。由 a number of books 可知第一个空应填 are；the number of 作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，故选 A。【即时演练】.单项选择。1A number of s
27、tudents _C_ playing on the playground，and the number of students in our school _ increasing.(2012，绥化)Aare ；are Bis；are Care；is2The number of teache rs in our school _B_ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers in this school _ from the countryside.(2012，河源)Awas ；is Bwas；areCwere；are Dwere；is
28、3_C_ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _ teachers.(2014，黔南州)AA number of；womenBA mumber ； womanCThe number of；womenDThe number of；woman.用适当的冠词填空。4A large number of teachers will visit this museum next Monday.5The number of workers in this supermarket is 55.写作专题方式方法
29、说明文一、要点入门方式方法说明文在我们的生活中很常见，比如产品使用说明书、操作程序、菜谱等。写作时要注意以下几点 ：1说明的事实要准确。2解释某过程时，可将完整的过程分成若干步骤，按照正确的顺序说明，不要遗漏。3表达清楚、逻辑性强。要使用一些表示顺序的词语，使文章条理清楚。二、典型例题某英语网站进行了一次中学生健康情况调查，发现很多中学生的健康状况令人担忧。主要原因有：饮食结构不合理、体育锻炼不足、作息时间不规律、心理压力大等等。为此，该网站发起了题为 How to keep fit 的征文活动，倡导健康的生活方式。请你写一篇 100 词左右的英语短文，说明如何保持健康。【思路点拨】这是一篇方
30、式方法说明文，即介绍保持健康的方法。首先表明令人担忧的健康状况。然后就此提出合理的方式或方法。可以使用祈使句进行方式方法的说明，如 Pleas e或Dont也可使用 You shouldYou can等陈述句。另外，为了行文连贯，可用firstly， secondly，at last 等构建文章结构。【写作模版】开 篇点 题 As we all know， health isBut how to keep fit？健 康措 施 措 施 1 Firstly， you should have agood diet.措 施 2 Secondly， you should takemore exerci
31、se.And 措 施 3 At last， you should )If you ，then you can总 结全 文【满分范文】As we all know，health is important to everyone.But how to keep fit?Firstly，you should have a good diet.Eat vegetables and fruit，just as the old saying says， “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”Secondly，you should take more exercise，like running in the park in the morning.And youd better go to bed early and get up early.As we all know early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.At last，you should always try to make yourself happy.If you follow these tips and form a good habit，you can keep fit.
