1、专题限时集训( 二十) 阅读理解 推理判断题( )(对应学生用书第 155 页)加的为推理判断题A(2017苏北四市高三一模 )In modern society，it is usually considered good to be an extroverted(外向的)person.This means that life can be hard for introverted people.Their talents and abilities are often not recognized.Some people often try to make introverts more o
2、utgoing.They think that being an introvert is a problem.But there is nothing wrong about being an introvert.Introverts are not necessarily afraid of meeting and talking to others.They simply prefer to spend time on their own，away from the crowds.They like reading，writing and taking walks in the coun
3、tryside.But extroverts need other people.If they spend a lot of time on their own， they get bored.They tend to be impulsive and talk a lot.Our society puts a lot of pressure on people to be extrovert，to be outgoing and selfconfident on every occasion.Susan Cain，the author of the book Quiet：The Power
4、 of Introverts in a World That Cant Stop Talking，has spoken about this problem.“I was nine years old， ” Cain says， “In my suitcase there were lots of books.This seemed normal to me，because in our family we always read a lot.I thought it would be the same at summer camp.But I was wrong.To create camp
5、 spirit，all the children had to sing a cheer every morning.I couldnt understand why.In the evening，I took out a book from my suitcase.But another girl said， Why are you being so quiet？ The second time I took out a book，the counselor( 辅导员)came to see me.She told me to remember the camp spirit and tha
6、t it was important to be outgoing.”At work，extroverts often do well.At job interviews，it is usually good to appear extrovert.It suggests that you will be good at the job.But it is wrong to think that only extroverts are good leaders.Introverts work in different ways to extroverts，but they can still
7、do really great things.Darwin，for example，was a quiet，family man.He often took long walks so that he could think clearly.But Darwins ideas about evolution were revolutionary.Introverts must understand that it is perfectly okay to be the way they are.It is not necessary to want to be the center of at
8、tention.You dont have to take part in noisy， social activities if you dont want to.And it is not necessary to try to become more outgoing.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。讨论的是有关外向型的人和内向型的人在性格上的差异及在生活中的表现等内容。1.This sentence “Introverts are generally misunderstood.” should be put at the beginning of Paragraph _ATwo BTh
9、ree CFour DFiveA 考查推理判断。题干所给的句子意为“性格内向的人常常被误解” ，而第二段主要讲的是人们对性格内向的人的误解，所以这句话放在第二段开头最合适。故选 A。2.Paragraph 3 is constructed by means of _Aanalyzing reasonsBgiving examplesClisting argumentsDcomparing factsB 考查推理判断。第三段以一位作家的例子来说明，我们所处的社会希望每个人在任何场合都能够外向、开朗且自信。故选 B。3.What can we infer from the passage?AThe
10、 talents and abilities of extroverts are usually ignored.BSome introverts feel caught between nature and social pressure.COnly extroverts are good leaders with better interpersonal skills.DIt is necessary for introverts to try to become more outgoing.B 考查推理判断。通读全文，尤其是第四段和第五段的内容可知，社会是非常青睐性格外向的人的，但做自己
11、才是最重要的，性格内向的人不必为了适应这种趋势而强行改变自己的性格，由此可以推知，一些性格内向的人处于适应社会需求还是坚持自己性格的两难之间。故选 B。B(2017无锡高三一模 )“I moved him， ” the old man said， “I moved him then.” He felt faint again now but he held on the great fish all the strength that he could.I moved him，he thought.Maybe this time I can get him over.Pull，hands ，h
12、e thought.Hold up，legs.Last for me，head.Last for me.You never went.This time Ill pull him over.But when he put all of his effort on，starting it well out before the fish came alongside and pulling with all his strength，the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.“Fish， ” the
13、old man said， “Fish，you are going to have to die anyway.Do you have to kill me too？”That way nothing is accomplished，he thought.His mouth was too dry to speak but he could not reach for the water now.I must get him alongside this time，he thought.I am not good for many more turns.Yes，you are，he told
14、himself.Youre good for ever.On the next turn，he nearly had him.But again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away.You are killing me，fish，the old man thought.But you have a right to.Never have I seen a greater，or more beautiful，or a calmer or more noble thing than you，brother.Come on and kill m
15、e.I do not care who kills who.Now you are getting confused in the head，he thought.You must keep your head clear.Keep your head clear and know how to suffer like a man.Or a fish，he thought.“Clear up，head， ” he said in a voice he could hardly hear.“Clear up.”Twice more it was the same on the turns.I d
16、o not know，the old man thought.He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time.I do not know.But I will try it once more.He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the fish.The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.Ill try
17、it again，the old man promised，although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes.He tried it again and it was the same.So he thought，and he felt himself going before he started；I will try it once again.The old man dropped the line and put his foot on it and lifted the harpoon(鱼叉
18、)as high as he could and drove it down with all his strength，and more strength he had just summoned(鼓起)，into the fishs side just behind the great chest fin that rose high in the air to the altitude of the mans chest.He felt the iron go in and he leaned on it and drove it further and then pushed all
19、his weight after it.Then the fish came alive，with his death in him，and rose high out of the water showing all his great length and width and all his power and his beauty.He seemed to hang in the air above the old man in the skiff.Then he fell into the water with a crash that sent spray(喷)over the ol
20、d man and over all of the skiff.【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老渔夫和一条大鱼作斗争的故事。4.Why did the old man keep talking to himself while fighting against the fish?ATo rescue himself from great pressure.BTo remind himself of the hidden danger.CTo prevent himself from feeling tired.DTo give himself constant encourage
21、ment.D 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“He felt faint again now ”可知，那位老人现在又感到一阵晕眩，再结合该段中他对自己说的话及其心中所想可知，老人这样做是为了不断地鼓励自己。故答案为 D。 5.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the fisherman?AThe fisherman seemed to be playing a cat andmouse game with the fish.BThe fisherman showed respect for his rival in this fier
22、ce battle.CThe fisherman had been fighting with the fish for long，which made him anxious.DThe fisherman，experienced as he was in fishing，nearly got killed on several occasions.B 考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Never have I seen a greater，or more beautiful，or a calmer or more noble thing than you， brother.”可知，老人说，他从来
23、没有见过比这条鱼更庞大、更漂亮、更平静、更高贵的东西。显然，老人对这条鱼有很高的评价，他是很尊重他的这位竞争对手的。故答案为B。6.What can be inferred from the sentence “Fish，you are going to have to die anyway ”(Para.3)?AQuite a few fishermen were chasing and hunting the fish.BThe fish had been seriously injured and couldnt live long.CThe old man had much confi
24、dence in catching the fish.DAs a matter of fact，the fish was too old to live any longer.C 考查推理判断。根据上下文中提及的老人多次尝试抓住这条鱼的内容可知，这个句子在此暗示老人(起初)非常有信心能抓住这条鱼。故答案为 C。7.Which of the following words best describes the old man?AAmbitious. BAggressive.CStrong willed. DSympathetic.C 考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，老人抓住这条鱼的过程并不顺利，但他
25、不放弃，一次又一次地进行了尝试，最后成功地抓住了这条鱼。这说明老人是个意志坚强的人。故答案为 C。C(2017苏锡常镇高三二模 )Are you a different person when you speak a foreign language? Thats just one of the questions The New Yorkers writer and native North Carolinian Lauren Collins explores in her autobiography，about her tough efforts to master French afte
26、r marrying a Frenchman whose nameOliviershe couldnt even pronounce properly.When in French ranges from the humorously personal story to a deeper look at various theories of language acquisition and linguistics(语言学)The couple met in London “on more or less neutral ground：his continent，my language”But
27、 the balance shifted when they moved to Geneva for Oliviers work.The normally voluble Collins found herself at a loss“nearly speechless”The language barrier，and her dependence on her husband for simple things like buying the right cut of meat worsened her mixed feelings about “unlovely， but not ridi
28、culous” Geneva.She comments， “Language，as much as land，is a place.To be cut off from it is to be，in a sense ，homeless.”Her sense of alienation(疏离感)leads to an examination of Americas miserable record when it comes to foreign languages.“Linguists call America the graveyard of languages because of its
29、 singular ability to take in millions of immigrants and make their native languages die out in a few generations， ” Collins writes.Educated in Wilmington，N.C.，and at Princeton，she couldlike the vast majority of Americansonly speak their mother tongue.Eight months after she moved to Switzerland，Colli
30、ns gave up on the natural acquisition of language and finally attended a French course.As she struggles with grammar and vocabulary， Collins notes smartly that vert(green)，verre(glass)，ver(worm)，vers(toward)，and vair(squirrel)compose a quintuple homonym(同形异义) “Although its difficult，French can be tr
31、ied， ” she says.French is actually considered among the easiest languages for an English speaker to learn，especially compared to Arabic or Mandarin Chinese.Collins，whose notably rich English vocabulary includes glossolalia(nonsense speech)and shibboleth(catchword or slogan)，finds plenty of terrific
32、French words to love.She writes， “ English is a trust fund，an unearned inheritance(遗产 )，but Ive worked for every bit of French Ive banked.”Unlike Jhumpa Lahiri，who became so hooked on Italian and used it to write In Other Words，Collins goals for learning French were more modest.“I wanted to speak Fr
33、ench and to sound like a North Carolinian.” She also wanted to be able to deal with the chimney sweep and butchers，communicate with her in laws，and “to touch Olivier in his own language”She admits that she feels different speaking French.“Its austerity(朴素)made me feel more confused.”Readers looking
34、for the romantic spark of classic crosscultural love stories featuring an outgoing American and a shy Frenchman will find flashes of it here.Among the many cultural differences the couple argue over is her enthusiastic American habit of applying the verb love to express enthusiasm for shoes，strawber
35、ries，and husbands alike.But theres far more to Collins book than fantastic comedy，and those who have weathered linguistic crossings themselves tend to find particular resonance(共鸣)in its inquiry into language，identity，and transcultural translation.Arranged by chapters named for verb tenses，When in F
36、rench works its way from The Past Perfect(Le Plusqueparfait)to The Present(Le Prsent)and The Conditional(Le Conditionnel)Collins ends on a delightful note with Le Futurfitting for a new mother about to move with her hardwon French husband，French language，and Swissborn daughter to the Frenchspeaking
37、city of her dreams，Paris.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了 Lauren Collins 的自传 When in French 的相关内容。8Which of the following statements is TRUE about When in French?AIt describes how most American people learn French.BIt introduces a variety of theories about French learning.CThe author tells her experiences in a s
38、erious way.DThe book offers a traditional way of learning a foreign language.B 考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句话中的“a deeper look at various theories of language acquisition and linguistics(语言学)”可知，When in French探讨了语言习得的不同理论和语言学。9Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “voluble” in Para
39、graph 2?AGraceful. BDependent.CTalkative. DEnergetic.C 考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“normally”和“nearly speechless”可知，通常情况下 ，Lauren Collins 是很健谈的，但是在新的环境下她因为语言不通而感到不知所措，几乎说不出话。由此可知，voluble 表示的应是与 speechless 相反的意思 ，故选 C。10.Why do linguists call America “the graveyard of languages”？ABecause other languages are pro
40、hibited in America.BBecause only Englishspeaking people can immigrate into America.CBecause immigrants native languages contradict English in America.DBecause American culture swallows up immigrants native languages gradually.D 考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“its singular ability to take in millions of immigrants an
41、d make their native languages die out in a few generations”可知，语言学家之所以将美国称作“语言的墓地”是因为美国文化会逐渐地“吞噬”移民的母语。11.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5?ACollins English vocabulary knowledge contributes little to her French learning.BCollins has found out some effective ways of mastering Frenc
42、h words.CArabic or Mandarin Chinese is easier to learn than French for English speakers.DIts terrifying for Collins to have French words in store for practical use.B 考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Collins notes smartly .Although its difficult，French can be tried， she says”，第五段中的“finds plenty of terrific French word
43、s to love”和“but Ive worked for every bit of French Ive banked”可知，Lauren Collins 在学习法语方面找到了窍门，并且逐渐取得进步。12.The example of Jhumpa Lahiri in the passage is given to show that_ACollins aims at using French for her daily lifeBCollins wants to apply French to serve her writingCits inappropriate for Jhumpa
44、Lahiri to write in another languageDforeign language always makes learners feel complicated about lifeA 考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“I wanted to speak French”和“She also wanted to be able to deal with the chimney sweep and butchers，communicate with her in laws，and to touch Olivier in his own language”可知，Lauren Col
45、lins 学习法语是为了给她的日常生活提供便利。13Which of the following items are mentioned by the author of this book review?the theme the structure the publisher the popularity the writing styleA BC DC 考查细节理解。第一段中的最后一句“When in French ranges from the humorously personal story to a deeper look at various theories of language acquisition and linguistics(语言学) ”介绍了这本书的主题；最后一段中的“Arranged by chapters named for verb tenses .”介绍了这本书的结构；第一段中的“humorously personal story”和倒数第二段中的“theres far more to Collins book than fantastic comedy”表明这本书的写作风格是风趣幽默的。
