1、Unit 3,The Million Pound Bank Note,核心单词,birthplace,novel,novelist,1_ n出生地；故乡2_ n小说；长篇故事 adj.新奇的；异常的,_ n小说家,adventure,adventurer,3_ n奇遇；冒险_ n冒险家,_ adj.喜欢冒险的,adventurous,scene,4_ n(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色5_ vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊,6_ n人行道,wander,pavement,7_ vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许,n通行证；许可,证；执照_ n许可；准许8_ vi.凝视；盯着看,permit,permissi
2、on,9_ vt.发现；认出,n斑点；污点；地点,10_ n船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段,11_ vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有,n说明；理,由；计算；账目_ n会计,passage,account,12_ vt.& vi.(sought, sought)寻找；探索；寻求,13_ n耐性；忍耐_ adj.有耐心的,n,病人,accountant,seek,patience,patient,stare,spot,14_ n反面；对立面,adj.相反的；相违的,15_ n信封,contrary,envelope,16_ adj.难以置信的_ adj.可信,任的_ vt.相信；信任,unbe
3、lievable,believable,17_ n数量,believe,amount,18_ adj.粗鲁的；无礼的_ n粗鲁,19_ n礼貌；举止；方式20_ adj.真的；真诚的,manner,rudeness,21_ adv.真正地；确实；实在,22_ vi.& n鞠躬；弯腰,indeed,bow,rude,genuine,常考短语,bring,go,accident,stare,1_ up 抚养；培养；教育；提出2_ ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说,3by _ 偶然；无意中；不小心,account,4_ at 盯着看；凝视,contrary,take,5_ for 是的原
4、因；解释6on the _ 与此相反；正相反7_ a _ 冒险,8in _ 衣衫褴褛,chance,rags,as,9_ for 关于；至于,when,I,was,spotted,经典佳句1 The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost_ _ _ _ by a ship.第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。2You _ _ _ _ two oclock.,到两点钟你才能打开它。,cant,open,it,until,3 You must come _ _ _ and havewhatever you like.您只要
5、想来随时欢迎，您想吃什么尽管吃。,whenever,you,want,课文回顾,was rescued,Lost,was wandering,The tale was set in London in 1903.Henry, an American,1._ (rescue) in the sea by accident. 2._ (lose)in London and having no money, he 3._ (wander) inLondon streets, 4._ (hunger)He was spotted by two richbrothers and invited to s
6、tep into a house.Henry was given anenvelope 5._ money in it and asked not to open it until twop.m. With the envelope in hand, Henry entered a restaurant.He6._ (order) some food.After 7._ (eat), Henryopened the letter and found 8._ was a million pound bank,hungry,with,ordered,eating,it,note.The owner
7、 and the waiter 9._ (shock)Theycouldnt believe Henry 10._ was in rags could be sorich.The owner thanked Henry for his coming to his little eatingplace and even asked Henry to forget the meal bill.,were shocked,who,单句语法填空1 (2017 年天津卷 单项填空 )The hospital has recentlyobtained new medical equipment，allow
8、ing more _ (patient),to be treated.,patients,believe,holding,2 (2016 年新课标卷 阅读理解 B)Two-thirds _(believable) more families will follow the example of Obamasfamily.3On the way, we spotted a man _ (hold) a piece ofpaper saying, “Lost my job.Family to feed.”,to cook,with,at,on,4With the exception of usin
9、g a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted _ (cook) intheir rooms.5 However, life can be great when you are not busy findingfault _ it.6 Stare _ him until he gets aware of it and quietsdown.7He is not selfish; _ the contrary，he is very nobleand generous.,8He likes summer
10、, but _ for me, I like winter much,better.,as,behind,in,9 Though he is an ordinary man working _ thescenes, he does extraordinary things.10Walking in the street, I often see beggars _ rags.,1scene n(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色；事发地点on the scene 在现场；当场；在台上behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中【名师指津】,scene 后可接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中做状语时
11、，,一般用关系副词 where 或 in which 来引导。,运用,单句语法填空,(1)By the time I had come _ the scene, it was all over.(2)On receiving the call, the police rushed to the scene,_ a traffic accident happened.,on,where/in which,2permit,vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许,n通行证；许可,证；执照permit doing sth.允许做某事permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事a driving/f
12、ishing permit 驾照/钓鱼许可证permission n允许；许可；同意with/without ones permission 获得某人同意/未经某人许可ask for permission 请求许可,【联想发散】与 permit 结 构 类 似 的 动 词 有 ： allow, forbid, advise,encourage，它们都是既可以接动名词做宾语，又可接动词不定,式做宾语补足语。,permitting,are permitted,运用,用 permit 的适当形式填空,(1)Well have a picnic in the woods, weather _.(2)P
13、assengers _ to carry only one piece of,hand luggage onto the plane.,permission,(3)With your _， I will carry out the projectas soon as possible.,3spot,vt.发现；认出,n斑点；污点；地点,spot sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事be spotted with 点缀on the spoton the scene 在现场；当场【联想发散】spotless adj.极清洁的；非常干净的spotted adj.有斑点的spotter n探子
14、；星探；侦探员,on,运用,单句语法填空,(1)More than ten policemen turned up at the spot _the accident happened.(2)In fact ，theyre hard _ (spot), though they usuallyfly off when they hear humans approaching.(3)Luckily there was a doctor _ the spot.,where,to spot,4account,vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有,n说明；理由；,计算；账目account for 是的原因
15、；做出解释、说明；(在数量方面)占；对负有责任on account of 因为；由于take sth.into account take sth.into consideration 考虑；注意；顾及；体谅；把某事考虑进去on no accountin no case 绝不要；无论如何不要【写作佳句】There is no accounting for taste.人各有爱好。,for,运用,用适当的介词填空,(1)I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestion _account.(2)Trains were delayed _ accoun
16、t of the bad weather.(3)It is said that body language accounts _ 55 percentof a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.,into,on,1bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐bring sb.up to be/as.培养某人成为bring sb.up to do sth.培养某人做某事bring about 产生；引起；带来bring back (使)归还；带回来,bring down (使)降下；降落；降低(价格)bring in 把拿进来
17、；赚得；引进,【一词多义】,(1)He brought up a practical plan in the meeting ， which,brought down the cost of production.提出,(2)Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought,up to value the sense of sharing.教育,(3)He was drunk and brought up what he had eaten at,midnight.呕吐,(4)Her parents died when she
18、was a baby and she was brought,up by her aunt.抚养,about,运用,用适当的介词填空,(1)In my day, children were brought _ by the law.(2)The government has taken measures to bring _ theprice of houses.(3)Science has brought _ many changes in our life.,up,down,2by accident (by chance) 偶然；无意中；不小心by no accident 绝非偶然,wit
19、hout accident 平安无事地【联想发散】,(1)表示“偶然；碰巧；无意地”： by accident; by chance。(2)表示“故意地”： by design; on purpose; deliberately；,intentionally。,without,运用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)我们都认为化石的发现纯属意外。We all suppose that fossils are found _ _.(2)我们平安无事地回来了。We got back _ _.(3)探戈在世界各地有这么多的爱好者是绝非偶然的。It is _ _ _ that tango has so man
20、y,lovers all around the world.,by,no,accident,by,accident/chance,accident,3on the contrary 与此相反；正相反to the contrary 意思相反的/地；完全不同的/地be contrary to 与相反,运用,用适当的介词填空,(1)I hear youve changed your job._ the contrary，Im still in the same company.(2)Contrary _ the doctors advice，he went swimming.,On,to,4take
21、 a chance (take the chancetake chances) 冒险,have/get a chance of doing sth./to do sth./that-clause 有希望/机会做某事give sb.a chance 给某人一个机会a chance of a lifetime 千载难逢的机会miss a chance 错过一次机会lose/seize the chance 失去/抓住机会by chance 偶然；意外地let go a good chance 错过一次好机会The chance is that./The chances are that.有可能Th
22、ere is a chance that.可能,【写作佳句】,of going/to go,We took a chance on the weather and planned to have the partyoutside.我们怀着天气可能会好的心理，计划在户外举行晚会。,运用,单句语法填空,(1)You wont have another chance _ (go) there.(2)You should never take _ (chance) when,driving a car.,a chance/chances,(3)The two old friends met _ cha
23、nce on the plane,from London to Paris.,by,(4)The player is under good treatment and the chances are_ he will recover from his injury in time of the next game.,that,原句1,You must come whenever you want and have,whatever you like.您只要想来随时欢迎，您想吃什么尽管吃。该句中 whenever you want 是由 whenever 引导的让步状语从句；whatever y
24、ou like 是由 whatever 引导的宾语从句。注意：“疑问词-ever”既可用于引导名词性从句，也可用于引导让步状语从句；而“no matter疑问词”只可用于引导让步状语从句。,运用,完成句子，每空一词,your,problems,(1)无论你什么时候有问题，都可以来找我帮忙。_/_ _ _ you haveproblems, you may turn to me for help.,(2)我想到什么就说什么。,whatever,comes,into,Ill just say _ _ _ my mind.(3)不管困难有多大，我们都必须及时完成任务。_ _ the difficul
25、ties are，we must complete,the task in time.,However,great,Whatever,(4)不管你面临的是什么问题，都不要失去信心。_ _ _ are, you mustnt lose heart.,Whenever,No,matter,when,原句2,Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to,sea by a strong wind.嗯，傍晚时分，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。此句中“find sb./sth.过去分词”，表示“发现某人/某物被”，过去分词在句中做宾语补足语。
26、find 后可接动词的现在分词做宾语补足语，表示主动或正在进行；也可接形容词、名词、介词短语等做宾语补足语。find oneself宾语补足语，意为“发现自己”。find oneself介词短语，意为“发现自己处在”。find oneself doing sth.意为“发现自己在做某事”，表示吃惊或不相信等情感。,ourselves,lying,surrounded,运用,单句语法填空,(1)After wandering around, we found _ back atthe hotel.(2)When he came to life, he found himself _ (lie)
27、inhospital.(3)Then I found myself _ (surround) by a dozenboys.,运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来When I was twelve years old, I found an interesting play1._ (write) by Mark Twain 2._ accident.The writertold us an unbelievable story.I 3._ (do) like it very muchand it was this story that made me interested in
28、Mark Twainsworks.In the story, two rich English brothers made a bet4._ penniless Henry, who was in rags, 5._ (give)him a million pound bank note.With the bank note, he met many,written,by,did,on,giving,adventures.Because of his poor 6._ (appear), Henryreceived bad 7._ (service) in many places.But af
29、ter theysaw the bank note, 8._ (that) who looked down upon himall changed their attitudes.Even one of the rich brothers daughterfell in love with him.The story 9._ (happen) to Henryaccounted vividly 10._ the money society those days.,services,those,happening,for,appearance,阅读理解(九),阅读理解四大题型之词义猜测题(1)：
30、,猜词义是英语应用的重要能力，也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的阅读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。此类题型在高考中有逐渐增加的趋势，尤其是猜测词组、句意题。因为猜测词组、句意题涉及题材背景、句子结,构、文章主旨、作者的观点态度等。近几年命题者着重考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解生词的能力，要求考生根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的含义或熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。要求猜测词义的词一般为实
31、词及其词组，可通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。同时，代词复指理解题也是猜测词义的常考类型。用“逻辑关系梳理法”“递向寻踪法”理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。常见的提问方式有：,The phrase “.” in the sentence could be replaced by_.The word “.” in the paragraph refers to _.,What,is,the,meaning,of,the,underlined,word,in,the.paragraph?What does the underlined word mean?
32、Which of the following is the closest meaning to the phrase“.”？The word “.” most nearly means _.The underlined sentence may tell us that _.What does the underlined sentence mean?,1词义猜测题,(1)根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测,有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。通过上下文的具体信息猜测词义是目前高考阅读理解题中最常见的一种命题形式。考生可以根据上
33、下文中的描述，即作者为帮助读者更深、更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写，从而来确定词语的含义。,(2)根据同位关系进行猜测,阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面的词义进行猜测。,(3)根据构词法(合成、派生、转化等)进行猜测,在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。如前缀 un-表示反义词；后缀-ment 表示名词；后缀-er, -or, -ist 表示同源名词等。,(4)根据因果关系进行猜测,在一篇阅读文章中，根据原
34、因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。通过因果关系猜词，首先要找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词( 如because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, therefore 等) 表示前因后果。,(5)根据同义关系进行猜测,当词或短语之间有并列连词 and 或 or 时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，从而推知其大致意思。,(6)根据转折或对比关系进行猜测,通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如 but,while, however 等；二是根据上下句的连接
35、词，如 but, however,otherwise 等，就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。也可以根据与 not 搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。另外，分号也可以表示转折或对比的意义。,(7)利用例证猜词,为了说明或证实，文章中经常会举例，往往用来列举说明前面较难理解的词，这些例子可帮助我们猜测生词。举例时，常 常 会 用 一 些 连 接 性 的 词 ， 如 such as, like, for example, forinstance 等。,(8)利用词义搭配关联猜词,任何一个单词在句子中总是与其他词是相关联的，我们可,以通过这些前后的关联来猜测生词的词义
36、。,【例】(2017 年新课标卷),A build-it-yourself solar still (蒸馏器) is one of the best ways,to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily,available.Developed by two doctors in the U S.Department of,Agriculture, its an excellent water collector.Unfortunately, youmust carry the necessary equip
37、ment with you, since its all butimpossible to find natural substitutes.The only components,required, though, are a 5 5 sheet of clear or slightly milky,plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a containerperhaps just adrinking cupto catch the water.These pieces can be folded into aneat little pack and
38、 fastened on your belt.,To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig ahole four feet across and three feet deep.Try to make the hole in a,damp area to increase the water catchers,productivity.Place,your cup in the deepest part of the hole.Then lay the tube in placeso that one end r
39、ests all the way in the cup and the rest of the lineruns upand outthe side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edgesof the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with arock.The plastic should now form a cone (圆锥体) with45-degree-angled sides.The low p
40、oint of the sheet must be centereddirectly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.,The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under theplastic.Ground water evaporates ( 蒸 发 ) and collects on the sheetuntil small drops of water form, run down the material and fall offinto the cup.When
41、 the container is full, you can suck therefreshment out through the tube, and wont have to break down thestill every time you need a drink.33 What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” inParagraph 2 refer to?,AThe tube.CThe hole.,BThe still.DThe cup.,解析：B,词义猜测题。依据语境，尤其是第二段的第一,句“To construct
42、 a working still，use a sharp stick or rock to dig ahole four feet across and three feet deep.”可知，画线部分 thewater catcher 指前句中的 a working still。,“How are things back at the office？” one of the gentlemen,in my bicycle tour group asked me as we were nearing the end ofanother long ride through Croatias sc
43、enic countryside.,“I assume they are going fine ，” I said.“I havent had any,contact and I dont plan to.”,“Your cell phone isnt on？” he asked, incredulously (不相信地)“You havent checked your e-mail？”“My phone is offand no; Im not planning on checking e-mail，” I said.,My wife Heidi and I took our childre
44、n, Daniel and Rachel, ona two-week trip to Croatia, one of the most beautiful countries inthe world.We made the decision to spend some of our money onthis wonderful experience so we could spend time bonding witheach other and the kids.,Why would I destroy the environment we had traveledthousands of
45、miles to create by bringing my work environment intoit? That would be counter-productive to everything I wanted out ofthis trip.If I had worked during this experience, I would have takentime away from my family and sent them the message that worktook priority over them.,In addition to sharing this i
46、ncredible experience, I wanted totake us all out of the activity-driven world we live in.If I had hadmy cellphone on and been constantly searching out a wirelessconnection to keep up with the office, I would just have broughtthat hyper-connected environment into the peaceful, meaningfulworld I was trying to create.,
