1、Unit 3 Understanding each other(对应学生用书第 115 页).写作单词会拼写1ensure vt. 保证，担保，确保 2familiar adj. 通晓；熟悉3gesture n. 手势；姿势；示意动作4account n. 描述，叙述5throughout adv.& prep.自始至终；各处，遍及6prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止7alike adj. 相像，十分相似adv. 十分相像地；同样地8hug n & v. 拥抱，抱紧.拓展单词能辨别1greet vt. 和某人打招呼(或问好)greeting n. 招呼；问候；问候语2congratu
2、late vt. 向(某人)道贺，祝贺congratulation n. 祝贺；贺词3permit vt. & vi. 允许，准许n. 许可证permission n. 允许，许可4adjust vi. & vt. 适应，习惯；调整，调节adjustment n. 调整adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的5accustom vt. 使习惯于accustomed adj. 习惯于；惯常的6celebrate v. 庆祝celebration n. 庆典；庆祝活动7. expect vt. 期望，盼望，预料expected adj. 预料中的，被等待的expectation n. 期
3、望，盼望8religion n. 宗教religious adj. 宗教的；虔诚的9slight adj. 轻微的slightly adv. 轻微地；稍微地10brave adj. 勇敢的bravery n. 勇敢11govern vt. 统治；控制，支配governor n. 主管人员；统治者government n. 政府12receive vt. 接受，收到reception n. 招待会；接待；接受13offend vt.& vi. 触怒，冒犯offence n. 冒犯；侮辱.阅读单词要识记1firework n. 焰火，烟花 2feast n. 盛宴，宴会；节日 3carve vt.
4、 雕刻 4plain n. 平原 adj. 清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的5retell vt. 复述，转述6minority n. 少数民族；少数(人)语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1The headmaster wrote a letter to her on her good performance and in turn the exciting encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)2He that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke but beyond hi
5、s nobody laughed.(expect)3It was of her to go into the burning building to save the boy，so we all respect her for her and unselfishness.(brave)4It took a while for her to herself to the school life.That means after a while she became to living in the new school.(accustom)5Although there has been a i
6、ncrease of the population，this city still has a small population，only over three hundred thousand.(slight) 089】6The order means that French is in this school.(prohibit)7Even if you have a ，I wont you to enter the hall without her (permit)8He often says that he doesnt believe in any but meanwhile he
7、respects others freedom.(religion)【答案】 1.congratulate ；congratulation 2.expected；expectation 3.brave；bravery 4.accustom ；accustomed 5slight；slightly 6.prohibition；prohibited 7.permit ；permit； permission 8.religion；religious高频短语会默写1be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事2adjust to 适应3after all 毕竟，终究4do without
8、没有也行5let alone 更不用说6take up 占据(时间或空间 )7belong to 属于8have power over 控制，支配9be familiar with 通晓，熟悉10show somebody around 带某人参观、游览11be home to 为的栖息地/ 家园12meet with 遇见；碰到语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1We could overcome any hard difficulty， this little thing.2A good deal of my time with reading critical essays and r
9、eviews.3The species that fail to the changing conditions of existence will gradually become extinct.4Pat will you the building so you can meet everyone.5China is a vast country which an amazing variety of landscapes，plants and animals.6Each great man his time and can come only at his proper moment.7
10、I not the field.Im ready to hear your suggestions.8Susan is important for me，I cant imagine what Id her.【答案】 1.let alone 2.is taken up 3.adjust to 4.show；around 5.is home to 6.belongs to 7.am ；familiar with 8.do without联想拓展1 “金融”家族account n 账目；账户budget n 预算( 案)capital n 资金；资本家cheque n 支票interest n 利
11、息2a 前缀形容词荟萃alike 相似的；同样的ashamed 感到羞耻的asleep 睡着的awake 醒着的；清醒的3al 结尾形容词集合historical 历史的digital 数码的electrical 用电的；与电有关的physical 身体的mental 精神的musical 音乐的，配乐的4后缀ly 高频副词集锦fortunately/luckily 幸运地obviously 显然地carefully 小心地successfully 成功地honestly 诚实地5 “beadj.with”短语荟萃be satisfied with 对满意be busy with 忙于be p
12、opular with 受欢迎be familiar with 对熟悉be strict with 对严格教材原句会背诵 句式仿写能应用1.it 作形式主语Its quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that. 1.学而不思则罔。is no use without thinking.2.have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.2.当你学英语有困难时，
13、你可以向老师寻求帮助。You could ask the teacher for help when you English.3.The reason why.is that.“的原因是”One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years. 3.我们种树的原因是它们能为我们提供新鲜的空气。we have to grow the trees is they can provide us with fresh air
14、.【答案】 1.It；learning 2.have trouble (in) learning 3.The reason why；that(对应学生用书第 117 页)精讲 6 个考纲单词congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺教材原句 During the ceremony，the hen laid an egg，and everyone congratulated the new couple because it was considered very lucky.在婚礼仪式上，母鸡下了个蛋，每个人都会祝贺这对新婚夫妇，因为这被认为是非常幸运的。(1)congratulat
15、e sb.on/upon (doing) sth.祝贺某人( 做了) 某事congratulate oneself (on sth.) (因成就或成功 )为自己感到骄傲或自豪(2)congratulation n. 祝贺，贺词congratulations to sb.on sth. 为某事祝贺某人Congratulations! 恭喜！Let me congratulate you on your winning the first place in the 100meter dash.我祝贺你获得百米赛跑第一名。He congratulated himself on surviving (
16、survive) the air crash.他庆幸自己在空难中幸存下来。I just know youd be a trustworthy worker.Congratulations (congratulate)!我只知道你应该是一个值得信赖的工人。恭喜！permit vt.& vi.允许， 准许 n 许可证高考佳句 .I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016 年全国卷 语法填
17、空)我是第一个被允许进入一间照顾在野外环境中挨饿的大熊猫的特殊病房的西方电视记者。(1)permit sth./doing sth. 允许(做)某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人( 做) 某事sth.permitting 某事许可的话(独立主格)(2)permission n. 允许，许可with/without permission 获取/未获取某人的同意ask ones permission 征得某人许可The rules of the club do not permit smoking.俱乐部规定不允许吸烟。Weather permitting (permit)，
18、I will see you after work.如果天气允许的话，下班后我去看你。There is a wide road leading through the park，but nobody is permitted to walk (walk) on the road.有一条宽阔的通向公园的公路，但是不允许任何人在这条路上走。名师点津 表示“禁止/阻止某人做某事”的表达 还有：discourage sb.from doing sth.；ban sb.from doing sth.；prevent sb.(from) doing sth.；keep sb.from doing sth.
19、；forbid sb.from doing sth.；stop sb.(from) doing sth.等。adjust vi. & vt.适应， 习惯；调整，调节；整理，整顿教材原句 Its quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子真是太滑稽了。(1) adjust to (doing) sth. 适应( 做)某事，习惯(做)某事adjust.to. 将调整到；使适应adjust oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己适应(做)
20、某事(2) adjustment n. 调整，适应make adjustments to 对做出调整We must adjust ourselves(us)to the changing society unless we want to be left behind.如果我们不想落后，我们就必须让自己适应这个不断变化的社会。Since everything develops，we have to make an adjustment (adjust) to the changing situation.既然一切在发生变化，我们必须调整以适应改变的形势。accustomed adj. 习惯于；
21、惯常的教材原句 Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.许多外国人很难适应这种做法。(1)get/become/grow/be accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做 )某事(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事People have been accustomed to carrying a cellphone with them at any time.人们已经习惯了随身带手机。The studen
22、ts quickly accustomed themselves (they) to the new timetable，which excited the teachers.学生们很快适应了新的时间表，这令老师们很高兴。链接写作 句式升级 090】He was accustomed to the custom and didnt want to change it.Accustomed to the custom，he didnt want to change it. (用过去分词短语作状语改写)Accustoming himself to the custom，he didnt want
23、to change it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)familiar adj. 通晓；熟悉经典例句 The voice on the phone sounded familiar to me.电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。be familiar with. 精通，熟悉be familiar to. 为所熟悉I am familiar with Beijing，so I can help visitors find their way.我熟悉北京，所以可以给游客指路。Although the dragon is quite familiar to most Chinese，nobody has
24、ever seen a real one.尽管龙的形象对大多数中国人来说都是相当熟悉的，可是没有一个人见过真龙。名师点津 be familiar to 的主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人；be familiar with 的主语只能是人，宾语是所熟悉的内容或物。account n. 描述，叙述；报道；账户 v解释，说明；考虑；认为教材原句 You will have the chance to join one of these large assemblies and take part in the dancing， listen to traditional accounts of
25、 bravery，and play games.你将有机会加入这些大型集会中的一个并参与跳舞活动，聆听他们传统的英勇故事，还可以参与游戏节目。(1)take sth.into accounttake account of sth.认真考虑某事on account of 由于，因为on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装 )open an account 开一个账户(2)account for 对做出解释和说明；是的原因；(在数量和比例上 )占，占据When developing our economy，we must take environmental protectio
26、n into account.当发展经济时，我们必须把环境保护考虑在内。We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.由于天气不好，我们将启程的时间推迟了。Lack of money accounts for her not continuing her studies.因为缺钱，她不能继续她的学习。 链接写作 词汇升级 091】(普通表达)They had to take account of the baby when they wanted to go out.(高级表达 )They had to take the baby
27、 into account when they wanted to go out.(take.into account)(高级表达 )They had to take the baby into consideration when they wanted to go out.(consideration)诠释 2 个核心短语let alone 更不用说，更别提教材原句 In his youth，however ，he never left his home town，let alone travelled to another country，because he had to work t
28、o support his family.然而，他在青年时代就从未离开过家乡，更不用说到过其他的国家了，因为他不得不工作养活他的家人。let/leave sb.alone 别烦/不打扰某人let/leave sth.alone 别碰某物；别管某事let sb.down 使某人失望let out 使出来，放出；出租；泄露let in 使进来，进入Please leave/let me alone I need a quiet place to think it over.请不要打扰我，我需要一个安静的地方思考。I was a bit late but I couldnt let them dow
29、n completely.我来得有点儿晚，但我不能让他们彻底失望。Tom was hardly walking at the age of four，let alone running (run)汤姆 4 岁时几乎不会走路，更别说跑了。名师点津 let alone“更不用说” ，相当于一个插入语，但其后所接的词的形式要求与前面的一致，一般用于否定句之后。其同义短语是 not to mention。take up 占据 (时间或空间)；开始从事，承担；拿起；接受；继续一词多义 写出下列句中 take up 的含义Are you going to take up the challenge of
30、lasting a whole week without arguing？接受 We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up.占据 She took up the story where Tim had left off.继续 I always take up the book and read when I am in my low spirits.拿起 He took up his first teaching post in 1950.开始从事 take in 吸收；接纳；欺骗；领会take down 拆除；写
31、下take on 呈现；雇用；承担take over 接管；接替take off 脱掉；起飞；成功；开始流行He took down everything the teacher said.他记下老师说的每一句话。Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.遭受大地震沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市呈现出了新的面貌。突破 2 个高考句型(教材 P35)Many foreigners have trouble getting accust
32、omed to it.许多外国人很难适应这种做法。句中用了 have trouble (in) doing sth.结构，意为“做某事有困难” 。(1)在“have trouble (in) doing sth.”结构中，trouble 可换用 difficulty(不可数名词)，它们前面可加修饰词 much，little，no 等。若 trouble 后跟名词，介词 in 换成with。(2)对于句式 have trouble/difficulty doing sth.的考查，常把 trouble/difficulty 提前，后跟定语从句，省略介词 in，导致 have 与后面的动名词连在一
33、起，要注意辨别。Tom and his father had some trouble with Chinese customs during the travel.这次旅行中，汤姆和他的父亲在中国习俗方面遇到了一些麻烦。Did you have difficulty finding (find) Anns house?Not really.She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.你找到安娜的家有困难吗？不是很难。她已告诉过我们很准确的方向，我们很容易就找到了。名师点津 我们学过的与 have t
34、rouble/difficulty （in） doing sth.类似的结构还有：Error!find some/great/no/little difficulty in doing sth.,发现在做某事方面有些/ 很大/没有/几乎没有困难链接写作 一句多译他毫不费劲解决了那道难题。He had no difficulty/trouble in working out the difficult problem.(have no difficulty/trouble)There was no difficulty/trouble for him in working out the dif
35、ficult problem.(There be)(教材 P38)One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years.英语里有如此多的法语词汇的原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很长时间。The reason why.is that.表示“的原因是” 。(1) The reason why.is that.的变化形式是：The reason for.is that.(2)That/This/It is why/becaus
36、e.“那就是为什么/因为” ，why 从句表示结果，because 从句表示原因。The reason for their success is that they knew how to study.他们成功的原因在于他们知道如何学习。Tom overslept this morning.That is why he was late for work.汤姆今天早晨睡过头了，那就是他上班迟到的原因。名师点津 主语为名词 reason 时，表语从句中的连接词要用 that，而不用why 或 because。链接写作 将例句转换表达Tom was late for work this morni
37、ng.That is because he overslept(That is because.)The reason why Tom was late for work this morning is that he overslept.(The reason why.)多角快练 练单词 练短语 练句型(对应学生用书第 120 页).单句语法填空1Time (permit)，I will see you after the meeting.2The high cost of equipment prohibits many people from (take) up this sport.3
38、 (accustom) to the climate and food，the old couple prefer to live here for the rest of their life rather than move to another city.4The party was in (celebrate) of my parents silver wedding.5You can congratulate (you) on having done a good job.6They exchanged (greet) and sat down to lunch. 092】7You
39、are supposed (attend) the lecture tomorrow.It is very useful.8Over 40% of Americans worry about losing eyesight，but its easy to include steps into our daily life (ensure) healthy eyes.9All human beings possess a body clock.Along with other alerting systems，this (govern) the sleep/wake cycle.10Consis
40、tent with the researchers (expect) they found a positive correlation between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer.【答案】 1.permitting 2.taking 3.Accustomed 4.celebration 5.yourself 6.greetings 7.to attend 8.to ensure 9.governs 10.expectation.单句改错1Six month
41、s after the accident ，he still had difficulties walking.2I hate them when you say such things in public.3. The reason why he was late for school is because his car broke down on the way.4It was the bad weather that prohibited them in going to the science museum.5I hardly had time to think these days
42、，let lonely relax.6With all the things she needed buying，she went home happily.【答案】 1.difficulties difficulty 2.them it 3.because that 4.in from 5.lonely alone 6.buying bought(对应学生用书第 121 页).课文语法填空根据 P3435 课文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ma Li has to do her homework on cultural differences，so she ha
43、s gone to the student centre 1. (find) information for her homework.There 2. (be) different reactions in the West and the East when they get presents.Westerners like to open them as soon as they get them.3. it comes to wedding traditions，there are also differences.In Korea，it 4. (believe) that roost
44、ers can drive bad spirits away 5. the wedding ceremony，and hens can ensure good luck for the marriage.In Brunei，at wedding 6. (receive) men and women have to sit in separate areasthe men with the bridegroom，and the women with the bride.Whats 7. ，if you go to Brunei，you would have to take off your sh
45、oes before 8. (go) into someones house.There are sometimes great 9. (culture) differences even between native English speakers.The British celebrate Bonfire Night every year，10. many Americans are not familiar with the festival. 【答案】 1.to find 2.are 3.When 4.is believed 5.from 6.receptions 7.more 8.
46、going 9cultural 10.while 093】.写作改错双练根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。1一些人在熟悉中国人和西方人的就餐习惯上有点困难。(have some trouble in doing sth.，get familiar with)2中国人习惯于大家共吃一桌菜，而西方人则适应每个人吃自己餐具里的食物。(be accustomed to，adjust to) 3吃完饭后，他们或许也会带着你参观他们的房间。(show around) 4如果是一个非常正式的招待会，那将提供大量的饭菜，以致吃不完。(reception)5另外，晚宴会持续很长的时间
47、。(take up)第一步：练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。第二步：练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有 5 处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。Some people have some trouble with getting familiar with Chinese and western eating habits.Chinese are accustomed to share all the dishes together while westerners adjust to having their plate of food alone.After the dinner
48、，they maybe also show you around their house.If it is a very formal reception，a huge amount of food are supplied.It seems like that it will be unlikely to finish.In addition，a lot of time will be taken for a dinner.【答案】 Some people have some trouble getting familiar with Chinese and withinwestern eating habits.Chinese are accustomed to all the dishe
