1、课时规范训练(十五).阅读理解ACool temperatures, golden colors of autumn and dramatic events are just three reasons to visit Oregons Washington County this fall. The season brings a large number of places to see and things to do. Weve collected some of the best reasons why you should plan a trip here in the comin
2、g months.Its a Harvest SeasonAutumn marks the height of the agricultural season, which not only means a variety of autumn fruits and vegetables at the farmers markets, but also means that the season is heating up with fun, family farm events. Three apple festivals this fall will celebrate the divers
3、ity and deliciousness of Oregon grown apples.The Colors Are ChangingOn a cool, autumn day, the rural, agricultural and forested scenery of Oregons Washington County comes alive with bright red, orange and yellow leavesa stark contrast to the deep, dark green of the trees that share these landscapes.
4、Bird Migration Season Is in High SeasonSeptember and October are busy months for bird watchers. Migratory and native birds call Washington County “home”， whether its for the winter or theyre just visiting on their southern voyage.Wine Harvest Season Brings Signature Tasting EventsCelebrate the splen
5、dor of Oregon wine at two of the regions biggest wine events, which happen annually in the fall. The North Willamette Harvest Trail and Grand Tasting is a fullday guided bus tour to three wineries featuring handson experiences, vineyard exploration, a wine country lunch, and wine tastings.Experience
6、 TreetoTree Adventures at SunsetEnjoy the crisp temperatures and rich colors of the season at Tree Adventure Park, an aerial ropes course with six challenging courses and zipline park, all rolled into one. These are the final months to enjoy this fun and exciting attraction until it closes for the s
7、eason in November.Plan your own Oregons Washington County autumn getaway. Read this great digital visitor guide for ideas and inspiration.1When you go to the farmers markets you can _.Aget kinds of apples for freeBmake friends with farmersCjoin in the celebrationsDfeel satisfied with fun2The bird wa
8、tchers go to Washington County because _.Athey are attracted by colorful leavesBthe native birds leave their homeCthey can see different kinds of birdsDthe birds start their southern voyage3It can be inferred from the fifth paragraph that _.Athe wine event is to be held in the coming winterBfarmers
9、are good at growing grape in OregonCthe three wineries are most famous in AmericaDfew tourists like tasting the wine in wineries4Which is the best title for the passage?AReasons to Visit Oregons Washington CountyBWashington County Welcomes Its Best SeasonCCharm of the Colorful SeasonDTake Adventures
10、 in the Coming Autumn【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。伴随着秋天的来临，天气凉爽，在接下来的几个月里，人们可以去俄勒冈州游玩。可以来参加苹果丰收节，赏叶、观赏鸟类、品尝当地庄园红酒和体验空中索道。1解析：选 C。细节理解题。根据第二段末句“Three apple festivals this fall will celebrate the diversity and deliciousness of Oregon grown apples.”可知当我们来到农夫市场时，我们可以参加苹果节的庆祝典礼。故选 C。2解析：选 C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Migratory an
11、d native birds call Washington Countyhome，whether its for the winter or theyre just visiting on their southern voyage.”可判断鸟类观察者会来到华盛顿县，因为这里有种类繁多的鸟类。故选 C。3解析：选 B。推理判断题。根据第五段中的“three wineries featuring handson experiences，vineyard exploration，a wine country lunch，and wine tastings”可知俄勒冈州有三大酿酒厂，农夫们善于种植
12、葡萄。故选 B。4解析：选 A。标题归纳题。根据第一段“Weve collected some of the best reasons why you should plan a trip here in the coming months.”可知这篇文章主要讲述的是去俄勒冈州游玩的原因。故选 A。BWhether it is Mozart or Miley, your choice of music could determine whether you will perform well all your work.A new study suggests that listening t
13、o music in the office improves the speed and accuracy of tasks such as data entry, proof reading and problem solving.In an officebased experiment, 88 per cent of participants were found to produce their most accurate work when listening to music.The study also found that 81 per cent completed their
14、fastest work when music was played.And it matters what type of music you listen to.For instance, if youre doing your tax returns, then classical music is the most effective as it improves maths skills.Listening to Jessie J or Justin Bieber could also improve your speed, with 58 per cent of participa
15、nts completing data entry tasks faster while listening to pop songs.During proof reading, dance music, such as David Guetta, had the biggest positive impact with participants increasing their speed by 20 per cent compared to tests undertaken with no music at all.Dance music also had a positive effec
16、t on spellchecking with a 75 per cent pass rate compared to 68 percent when no music was played at all.The research，undertaken by Brightonbased Mindlab International，suggests that silent offices may be the least productive.“The music experiment showed that when listening to music，nine out of 10 peop
17、le performed better， ” said Dr. David Lewis，Chairman of Mindlab International.“Proper music enables people to quickly process and keep information, regulate their behaviors, make good choices, solve problems, plan and adjust to changing mental demands， ” a senior investigator of Mindlab Internationa
18、l explains.“While many schools are cutting music programs and spending more and more time on test preparation，our findings suggest that musical training may actually help to set up children for a better academic future， ” added Dr. David Lewis.5What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe positive r
19、elationship between music and efficiency.BThe speed and accuracy of problemsolving tasks.CThe comparison of different kinds of music.DThe experiment on productivity of office staff.6According to the passage, we can conclude that _.Adifferent kinds of music lead to the same effectBsilent offices can
20、make people perform betterClistening to proper music can improve efficiency in the officeDmore tests prepare children for a better academic future7What is the authors attitude towards school music programs?ARespectful. BDoubtful.CTolerant. DSupportive.【语篇导读】 音乐能提高人们的工作效率，因此应支持学校开展音乐教育。5解析：选 A。通读全文，并
21、根据文章的第二段判断本文主要讲述了音乐和工作效率之间的关系。6解析：选 C。通读全文并根据文章倒数第二段可知适当的音乐能提高人们的工作效率。7解析：选 D。根据文章最后一段可推断作者对学校开展音乐教育是支持的。C(2016高考全国乙卷)You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below，who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100
22、 years?Jane Addams ( 18601935 )Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931，Addams became the first
23、 American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson ( 19071964 )If it werent for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lak
24、es and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor (1930present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and，in 1981，the first woman to join the US.Supreme Court.OConnor ga
25、ve the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (19132005)On December 1,1955，in Montgomery，Alabama，Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It
26、lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civilrights movement.“The only tired I was，was tired of giving in， ” said Parks.8What is Jane Addams noted for in history?AHer social work.BHer teaching skills.CHer efforts to win a prize.DHer community background.9What was the reason for OConnors being
27、 rejected by the law firm?AHer lack of proper training in law.BHer little work experience in court.CThe discrimination against women.DThe poor financial conditions.10Who made a great contribution to the civilrights movement in the US.?AJane Addams.BRachel Carson.CSandra Day OConnor.DRosa Parks.11Wha
28、t can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?AThey are highly educated.BThey are truly creative.CThey are pioneers.DThey are peacelovers.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了不同领域的四位女性先驱。8解析：选 A。细节理解题。根据 Jane Addams下的第一句话 Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何一个受到社会
29、工作者帮助的人都要感谢 Jane Addams)可知，在历史上，Jane Addams因她的社会工作而出名，与 A项相符。文中未提及 her teaching skills(她的教学技能)，只是谈到了 promoting education(促进教育)，故 B项与文章不符；Jane Addams获得了诺贝尔和平奖，但她不是因努力去获奖而出名的，根本上还是因为她做的社会工作，而且她也并非为了获奖才付出努力，故 C项错误；是她的社会工作，以及她鼓励的社区感让她出名，D 项 Her community background.(她的社区背景)与此不相符。9解析：选 C。细节理解题。根据 Sandra
30、Day OConnor下的第一句 When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School .可知，她在斯坦福大学法学院受过教育，并非缺少正规的法律培训，故 A项错误；文中未提及她在法庭上的工作经验少，故 B项错误；根据she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.可知，她没能在法律事务所找到工作，是因为她是一名女性，这与 C项“对于女性的歧视”相符，故选 C项；文中未提及她的经济状况，故 D项错误。10解析：选 D。细节理解
31、题。根据 Rosa Parks下的it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civilrights movement.可知，它导致了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动，这场运动持续了一年多，开始了民权运动，故选 D项，是 Rosa Parks对美国的民权运动做出了很大贡献。11解析：选 C。推理判断题。本题考查考生理解全文、提炼信息、概括总结的能力。根据 Jane Addams下的the first American woman to win the Nobel P
32、eace Prize.，Rachel Carson下的 If it werent for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.，Sandra Day OConnor下的the first woman to join the U S.Supreme Court.以及 Rosa Parks 下的it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott .kicked off the civilrights movement.可知，文中提到的这几位女性都是不同领域的先驱(pionee
33、r)。因此 C项正确。D(2017陕西西安质量检测)The 1920s was a decade of wealth, decadence(堕落) and social change. They were known as the Roaring Twenties, and the best place to experience this exciting time was New York City. But what was it really like?ProhibitionIn 1919, a new law in the US known as Prohibition made i
34、t illegal to buy and sell alcohol. But Prohibition didnt stop people drinking; it just drove the sale of strong alcoholic drink underground. Bootleggers(走私犯) waited off the coast of New York after dark and brought illegal alcohol into the city.JazzJazz was the music of New York in the 1920s. In fact
35、, the decade is called Jazz Age. The best place to listen to this new form of music was the Cotton Club in Harlem. All the great jazz musicians played at the Cotton Club, including Louis Armstrong，Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington. Also, in 1924 George Gershwin composed the jazzinfluenced Rhapsody
36、in Blue. The piece has been called “a musical portrait of New York” and was used by Woody Allen in his film Manhattan.Art DecoArt Deco was the most popular style of the 1920s, with bright colors and geometric designs; it can be seen in the art，architecture and inside designs of the period. New York
37、is full of Art Deco buildings, but the most famous ones are the Chrysler Building (built between 1928 and 1930) and the Empire State Building (built between 1930 and 1931 )The Great DepressionOn 29th October, 1929, the Roaring Twenties came to a dramatic end. On that day(known as “Black Tuesday”), t
38、he US stock market crashed, causing the Great Depression. The economic downturn lasted ten years and affected most of the Western world. Unemployment in America reached 25% and the country didnt recover until after World War .12We know from the passage that in 1919 people _ alcohol in the US.Abegan
39、to buy and sellBstopped producingCcompletely stopped tradingDsecretly bought and sold13The 1920s is called _.ACountry Music Age BJazz AgeCFolk Music Age DPop Age14We infer from the passage that the US _ in the year 1930.Awas in a bad economic stateBwas in good economic conditionCdeveloped at a rapid
40、 speedDhad many dramatic plays【语篇导读】 本文介绍了 20世纪 20年代的美国纽约。12解析：选 D。细节理解题。根据 Prohibition下的内容可知，禁酒令规定买卖酒违法，但是人们依然要喝酒，于是人们秘密地买卖酒 。13解析：选 B。细节理解题。根据 Jazz下的第二句“In fact，the decade is called Jazz Age.”可知答案为 B。14解析：选 A。推理判断题。根据 The Great Depression下的“On 29th October,1929”并结合下文中的“The economic downturn lasted
41、 ten years”可推知，1930年美国的经济状况不好。.七选五As you rise in your career, you may find yourself working under some people who may not be as smart as you. This article shows you the best ways to maintain a healthy relationship with your boss and perform excellently at work.Never tell them that they are wrong1_.B
42、ut the idea is that you should not confront them directly, do not say things like “you are wrong” or “I dont think you are right”. Instead, say things like “is there an alternative method”， “can we review or reconsider” .2_If you are convinced that your idea is the best solution, presenting it in th
43、e form of a question makes it seem that you are seeking advice from your boss, rather than imposing your idea.Make your idea seem like its theirsDont be afraid to transfer ownership of your idea to your boss, as long as the idea will benefit the organization._3_.By doing so, you can make your idea s
44、eem that it comes from your boss，which can gain their support in the idea.4_This does not mean that you should flatter (奉承) them. You should learn to be very respectful and modest. You should focus on the things they are good at and always commend their efforts.Deliberately hide your smartnessYou do
45、nt want your boss to become envious of you._5_.This requires some level of skill and maturity; you must do all you can not to appear smarter than your boss no matter how brilliant you are.AMake them feel very importantBShow your ability in a proper wayCYour suggestions should come as questionsDInste
46、ad of presenting your idea using “I” use “We” or “You”EThis is not to suggest that your boss will be right all the timeFTherefore, you have to try to deliberately undervalue your abilities sometimesGLet your boss know that you make an effort to do something good for the company【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了在职场中正确地跟
47、老板相处的方法。1解析：选 E。根据本段的小标题“Never tell them that they are wrong”及空后的”But the idea is that you should not confront them directly .”可知，E项“这不是在暗示你的老板总是对的”符合语境。2解析：选 C。根据下文中的“presenting it in the form of a question makes it seem that you are seeking advice from your boss，rather than imposing your idea”可知，此
48、处表示以一个问题的形式呈现你的想法会使它看起来你正在向你的老板征询建议，而不是把你的想法强加给你的老板，故 C项“你的建议应该以问题的形式呈现”最能概括本段的主旨。3解析：选 D。根据本段的小标题“Make your idea seem like its theirs”及空处上下文的内容，尤其是“By doing so”可知，D 项符合语境，表示用“我们”或“你们”来呈现你的想法而不是用“我” 。4解析：选 A。根据下文中的“This does not mean that you should flatter (奉承)them” “You should focus on the things
49、they are good at and always commend their efforts.”可知，A 项“使他们觉得自己非常重要”符合语境。5解析：选 F。根据本段的小标题“Deliberately hide your smartness”，空前的“You dont want your boss to become envious of you.”和空后的“This requires .you must do all you can not to appear smarter than your boss no matter how brilliant you are.”可知， F项“因此，你有时候必须设法故意低估你的能力”符合语境。
