1、第 8 讲 5 个必考点与 4 种解题方法拨开情态动词的迷雾备考指导 情态动词是历年高考中考查的最多的一个考点，通常是以单项填空、语法填空、短文改错和书面表达的形式进行考查。解决情态动词类题目通常使用的方法是通过语境与语义来判断。一、需要特别记忆的 5 个必考点1情态动词表猜测时，肯定句一般用 must(语气十分肯定)和 may(语气不大肯定)，疑问句一般用 can，否定句一般用 cant(语气肯定)和 may not(语气不大肯定)。Who can it be，do you know?你知道可能是谁吗？It cant be Mr.Wang.不可能是王先生。2如果表示主语固执、偏要做他人不希望
2、做的事，这时多用 must。It cant help；he must do that.没办法，他非要做不可。Smoking is not allowed here，but if you must，youd better go to the smoking area.这里不许吸烟，但是如果你非要吸的话，你最好去吸烟区。3表示习惯性动作或某种倾向， “总是，惯于” ，通常用于第三人称，这时通常用 will。Fish will die out of water.鱼离开水将会死亡。However hard he tried，the door wouldnt open.不管他如何努力，门就是打不开。4s
3、hall 用于第三人称，表示征求对方意见或请求；用于第二、三人称表示命令、威胁、允诺、强制等。You shall do as your father says.你应该照父亲说的做。Shall he come in？让他进来吗？5 “情态动词have done”的用法(1)must have done sth.表示对过去已经发生的事情的有把握的推测，意思是“想必、准是、一定做了某事” ，只用在肯定句中。It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet.昨天晚上肯定下雨了，因为地是湿的。(2)can(could) have done sth.
4、表示对过去发生的动作的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑问句中。He cant have forgotten it.他肯定还没有忘记那件事。(3)neednt have done sth.表示已完成不需要完成的动作。You neednt have waken me up.I dont have to go to work today.你本不必叫醒我，我今天不必去上班。(4)didnt need to do sth.表示没有必要做而实际上也没有做某事。I didnt need to clean the windows.My brother did it.不需要我擦窗户，我弟弟擦的。(5)may/m
5、ight have done sth.表示对过去已发生的动作的推测，意为“也许/或许已经” 。Im not sure.He might have said so at the conference.我不确定。他或许已在会议上说了。(6)should have done sth.表示本来应该做某事而实际上未做。You should have told him about it.你本应该告诉他那件事。二、4 招帮你解决情态动词相关的题目方法 1 意义判断法所谓意义判断法就是分析语境并确定应填情态动词的含义。因此熟练掌握每个情态动词的意义和用法是做题的前提。典例展示 I _ worry about
6、my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.答案 neednt解析 neednt 意为“不必” 。句意：我不必担心我的周末我总是没等到周末就把计划安排好了。 方法 2 句型判断法有些情态动词需要用在特定的句型中，如 may 表示推测时，往往用在肯定或否定句中；must 表示推测只能用于肯定句中。运用此法就是通过分析所给句子的句型特点，选用具有特定句型特点的情态动词。典例展示 You mustnt have told him the news; he knew it already._答案 mustnt neednt 解析 本句意
7、为“你本来不必要告诉他这条消息的，因为他早就知道了。 ”表示“不必”用 neednt，而 mustnt 意为“千万不，不允许” 。方法 3 语气判断法情态动词主要表示说话人的语气、情感或态度，所以在解答此类试题时，一定要注意说话者的语气(这也是解题的难点)，这就要求正确理解句子，从说话者的角度去考虑问题，结合具体的语境来分析和判断，最后确定所需情态动词是否符合特定的情感需要。典例展示 May I take this book out of the reading room?No，you _You read it in here.答案 mustnt解析 表示禁止， “一定不，不准许” 。方法 4
8、 人称判断法有些情态动词在表达某个意义时，要与特定的人称连用，这为我们选择正确答案提供了方向。典例展示 It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.答案 shall解析 shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等意思。跟踪训练考点突破.用适当的情态动词填空1They _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.2If you _ smo
9、ke，please go outside.3I dont really like James.Why did you invite him?Dont worry.He _ not come.He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.4I _ worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes. 5It _ be the postman at the door.Its only six oclock.6I left my handbag on the train，bu
10、t luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back！I mean，someone _ have stolen it.7Hows your new babysitter?We _ not ask for a better one.All our kids love her so much.8Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? I am afraid you _，in case he comes late f
11、or the meeting.9The police still havent found the lost child，but theyre doing all they _10If you _ go，at least wait until the storm is over.单句改错1If you need go，at least wait until the storm is over._2She could sang very well when she was a girl._3Youd better to wear rubbers, for its raining outside.
12、_4I would rather to work than play._5I asked him whether he needs go there._6Something is wrong with my computer and it need repairing._7I can have lent you the money. Why didnt you ask me？_8She should able to give us a good answer._9Judging from what you say, he ought succeed._10Such a gentleman co
13、uld do that._能力提升.阅读理解ASpending time outdoors in our countrys National Park system can bring you closer to nature.Sometimes，it can bring the nature closer to you than you ever expected.It isnt uncommon for Park visitors to happen upon baby animals，seemingly helpless and defenseless against all of th
14、e great outdoors.Animals such as bears and cougars(美洲狮) may look harmless and lovely if they are found as babies；it is never a good idea to get too close to them，even if they look abandoned，because their mother may not be far away and will attack to protect her offspring.In cases like these，the only
15、 option is to contact a local park ranger(管理员)，or contact the US Fish and Wildlife Service at 1800344WILD，so they can direct the proper authorities to help the babies.During the spring，wildlife groups are overwhelmed with the public calling about orphaned baby deer；the fawns(小鹿) were “rescued” by we
16、llmeaning people，but usually the fawns didnt need any help at all.Mother deer will leave their fawn to find food，and the fawn will instinctively lie down and try to blend into its surroundings.If you spot a tiny fawn in the underbrush，please dont disturb it.If it is removed，the mother wont be able t
17、o find it，and the fawns chance of being able to live a natural life in the outdoors is diminished.Unless they are very young，foxes，wolves，raccoons，and coyotes can be dangerous even as young.If babies of this type are found alone in a National Park，it is advisable to find a park ranger for assistance
18、.In most instances，unless you are trained in wildlife or zoological skills，assistance is the best option；not only for your safety，but for the wellbeing of the orphaned or lost animal.Never attempt to save an injured adult animal by yourself，and never try to get a baby animal away from its mother.1We
19、 should not approach baby bears and cougars because _Athey are afraid of humansBthey dont need humans helpCtheir mothers may attack usDthey are not abandoned2What do we know about the wellmeaning people who rescued the fawns?AThey did something helpful.BThey didnt help the fawns at all.CThey handled
20、 the animals properly.DThey should have called the authorities earlier.3What should we do if we find a fawn in the wild?ALeave it where it is.BBring it to the authorities.CContact the US Fish and Wildlife Service.DTry to find its mother.4What can we infer from the last paragraph?ABaby animals presen
21、t no threat to humans.BCommon people can save an injured animal themselves.CWe should leave an injured adult animal alone.DAn injured animal may hurt people.BEarthquakes are common in nature，making sounds below Earths surface thousands of times every day.But major earthquakes are less common.Here ar
22、e some things to do to prepare for an earthquake and what to do once the ground starts shaking.Safety TipsHave an earthquake readiness plan.Consult a professional to learn how to make your home sturdier，such as fixing bookcases to the wall，using strong locks on cupboards，and fixing the water heater
23、to the wall firmly.Locate a place in each room of the house that you can go to in case of an earthquake.It should be a spot where nothing is likely to fall on you.Keep a supply of canned food，an uptodate first aid box，3 gallons(11.4 liters) of water per person，dust masks and goggles(护目镜)，and a worki
24、ng batteryoperated radio and flashlights.Know how to turn off your gas and water mains.If Shaking BeginsDrop down; take cover under a desk or table and hold on.Stay indoors until the shaking stops and youre sure its safe to exit.Stay away from bookcases or furniture that can fall on you.Stay away fr
25、om windows.In a highrise building，expect the fire alarms and sprinklers(洒水车) to go off during a quake.If you are in bed，hold on and stay there，protecting your head with a pillow.If you are outdoors，find a clear spot away from buildings，trees，and power lines.Drop to the ground.If you are in a car，slo
26、w down and drive to a clear place.Stay in the car until the shaking stops.5If the ground is shaking，one is advised to stay _Ain the study full of bookshelvesBin the kitchen with a bottle of gasCin the bedroom with two bedsDin the dining room with cupboards6What should people do while at home if shak
27、ing begins?AStand up and call for help immediately.BTry getting out as soon as they can.CWait for the possible chance patiently.DHide themselves behind the furniture.7The passage is probably taken from _Aa news report Ba story bookCa common notice Da science magazine.语法填空Lucy is an outgoing lady. Sh
28、e 1._ play many kinds of musical instruments. Actually, she 2._ play the piano when she was 8 years old. Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day. She says that she 3._ do some sports because she 4._ keep slim. “You 5._ get fat soon if you dont take exercise every day.” She usually says to her frie
29、nds. As for her, an elegant lady 6._ try to keep fit. However, last week, she found that she 7._ put on weight and she was worried and decided to lose weight. And these days she is always thinking that she 8._ succeed soon if she tries all her best. However, she is always lack of time because she 9.
30、_ take care of her children.One night after supper, she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late. On her way, she thought that the dancing 10._(begin), and the coach 11._(teach) or shown many new moves. She was afraid that her friends 12._(leave) before she got the
31、re. She was regretful then.She 13._(have) supper earlier, or she 14._(take) a taxi, and indeed she 15._(take) a bath in advance. When she reached the park finally, she found nobody was there. She remembered suddenly that it had been reported on the radio that there would be a heavy rain that night.
32、第 8 讲 5 个必考点与 4 种解题方法拨开情态动词的迷雾考点突破.1.should 2.must 3.might 4.neednt 5.cant6might 7.could 8.must 9.can 10.must.1.needmust 2.sangsing 3.去掉 to 4.去掉 to 5.needsneed 6.needneeds 7.cancould8在 able 前加 be 9.在 ought 后加 to 10.couldshould能力提升.1.C 2B 3A 4D 5C 6C 7D .1.can 2.could 3.has to 4.must 5.shall6should 7.might 8.may 9.ought to 10.must have begun 11.could have taught 12.might have left 13.should have had 14.could have taken 15.neednt have taken
