2019届高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 教材课文要点 Module 1 British and American English（课件+试题）（打包5套）外研版必修5.zip

1Module 1 British and American EnglishⅠ.阅读理解阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。It is said that a great many things about languages are mysterious, and many will always be so. But some things we do know.Firstly, we know that all human beings have a language of some kind. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which people communicate with one another. In historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language.Secondly, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are underdeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have guessed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. This means each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.Finally, we know that languages change. It’s natural and normal for languages to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look 2backward in time. Changes go on in all aspects of languages. Grammatical features change as speech sounds do and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.1.In the second paragraph the author thinks that . A.some backward races don’t have a language of their ownB.some races in history didn’t possess a language of their ownC.any human race, whether backward or not, has a languageD.some races on earth can communicate without a language2.As the author says, people of underdeveloped cultures can have languages. A.complicated B.uncivilizedC.primitive D.well-known3.American Indian languages are mentioned to prove that they are . A.as fully developed as some well-known languagesB.more primitive than some well-known languagesC.more complex than some well-known languagesD.just as primitive as some well-known languages4.According to the author, language changes are most likely to appear in . A.grammar B.vocabularyC.intonation D.pronunciationⅡ.七选五根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2017 河南洛阳 5 月统考)Tips for Teaching Kids ResponsibilityYour best friend has a teenager who helps with housework without being asked. Your cousin has a one-year-old child that puts her bottle in the sink when she finishes the milk, but no reminders are needed. 1 Raising helpful, good kids who know how to make a sandwich is not a fantasy! The following tips can give you a better chance of raising a responsible child who then grows into a responsible adult. 2 You can’t suddenly spring responsibility on a teenager and expect he will know how to follow through. He needs time to practice and totally understand what responsibility means. 3Let kids help you. Don’t complain when it’s time to do housework. Smile and invite your son to help. 3 He will take these good feelings and learn to take ownership of his home and feel pride in keeping it up. 4 Make responsibilities age-appropriate. You can show how to complete small tasks in daily life and perform them at a child’s skill level. For example, if your kid wants a snack, show him where the apples are and how to wash one off. Teach your child consequences. Learning to take care of his things also helps a child develop a sense of responsibility for his actions. Get your son to clean up after an art project, and inform him that he won’t be able to play with his crayons the next day if he leaves a messy table. 5 The more you carry out the rules, the more likely he is to clean up without being asked. A.Have a sense of responsibility.B.Why do they make a sandwich for kids?C.Show kids how to perform responsibility.D.Where do these wonderful children come from?E.Teaching responsibility to kids needs to start early.F.When your child is invited to participate, he feels valued.G.Then take away his supplies if he does not take his responsibility.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ⅲ.完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2017 安徽考前模拟)If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a 1 reason, such as your job or your studies? 2 perhaps you’re interested in the 3 , films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a good 4 of the language. Most people learn best using a variety of 5 , but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people. They 6 an environment where you can practice under the 7 of someone who’s good at the language. We all lead 8 lives and learning a language takes 9 . You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a 10 . It doesn’t matter if you 4haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes 11 . Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too 12 , ”they say. Yes, children do learn languages more 13 than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 14 . And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people 15 about the mistakes they make when 16 . Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes 17 you’re much less likely to make them again. Learning a new language is never 18 . But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be 19 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in 20 own language. Good luck! 1.A.technical B.political C.practical D.physical2.A.After B.So C.Though D.Or3.A.literature B.transport C.agriculture D.medicine4.A.view B.knowledge C.form D.database5.A.paintings B.regulationsC.methods D.computers6.A.protect B.change C.respect D.provide7.A.control B.command C.guidance D.pressure8.A.busy B.happy C.simple D.normal9.A.courage B.time C.energy D.place10.A.theory B.business C.routine D.project11.A.some risks B.a lot less C.some notes D.a lot more12.A.old B.nervous C.weak D.tired13.A.closely B.quickly C.privately D.quietly14.A.age B.speed C.distance D.school15.A.worry B.hesitate C.think D.quarrel16.A.singing B.workingC.bargaining D.learning17.A.if B.and C.but D.before518.A.tiresome B.hard C.interesting D.easy19.A.blamed B.amazedC.interrupted D.informed20.A.their B.his C.our D.your6答案精解精析Ⅰ.阅读理解[语篇解读] 本文主要论述了关于语言的问题, 不论哪个民族的语言都是世界上最美的, 因为各有特色。1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知, 任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。2.A 细节理解题。 根据第三段第一、二句可知选 A。3.A 细节理解题。作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。根据They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.可知答案为 A 项。4.B 细节理解题。词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。根据 Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.可知答案为 B 项。Ⅱ.七选五[语篇解读] 文章主要对如何让自己的孩子变得有责任感给出了几点建议。1.D 根据上文可知,你最好的朋友的孩子不用告诉就知道帮忙做家务;你堂兄一岁的孩子知道喝完奶之后把瓶子放在水槽里。根据下文内容可知,接下来叙述的是几条能够帮助你的孩子有责任感的小建议。由此可知,填入空白处的应该是针对上文的内容,即这些懂事的孩子都是怎么训练出来的。2.E 根据本段的内容可知,青少年不会突然就表现得有责任感,也不要期待他知道如何做事。他需要一个练习的过程才能完全知道责任的含义,所以家长需要早点开始教给孩子责任感。3.F 根据本段第一句 Let kids help you.可知,本段的主题是“让孩子来帮助你”。且根据空后的 He will take these good feelings.可知此处填入的是帮忙做家务会让孩子感觉良好,感觉到自己的价值。4.C 根据下文内容可知,你可以根据孩子的技能水平向他们展示如何在日常生活中完成小任务。例如,如果你的孩子想要零食,那么就先告诉他苹果放在哪里并且怎样洗苹果。这一段主要是在讲如何教孩子们履行职责。5.G 本段主要讲的是教会你的孩子不管做什么亊情都要想到后果,并且举了一个例子,即告诉你的孩子如果他把桌子弄得凌乱而不去整理,那么第二天他就不能再玩他的蜡笔。该事例主要是在说明一个道理:如果他没有履行他的责任,那么就拿走他的东西。Ⅲ.完形填空[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了学习一门外语的时候, 需要搞清楚为什么学习它, 以及人们学习外语的不同方法等。1.C 根据下文 such as your job or your studies 可知是实用的(practical)理由。2.D 本句与前句同为第一句所提到的关于学习一种新语言的原因, 两者之间为选择关系。73.A 这四个选项中, 与语言学习关系密切并且和 films,music 并列的是文学(literature)。4.B 考查固定结构。have a good knowledge of 的意思是“精通;掌握”。5.C 句意: 大部分人通过各种各样的方法学得很好, 但是传统课堂对许多人来说是一个理想的开始。6.D 传统课堂提供(provide)一种环境, 在其中你可以在某个擅长这种语言的人的指导下练习。7.C 课堂上自然是在老师的指导下学习。under the guidance of sb. 在某人的指导下。8.A 我们都过着忙碌的(busy)生活并且学习一门语言需要时间。9.B 学习一门语言当然需要花费时间(time)。10.C 由前面的“regularly(有规律地)”可知选 routine(常规, 惯例)。11.B 根据前面的 take years(花很多年时间)和 but(转折关系)可知选 a lot less(花的时间少得多)。12.A 根据下文的 Yes, children do learn languages more 13 than adults 可知, 有些人觉得自己学习语言太老(old)了。 13.B 考查背景常识。一般来说, 小孩学习语言的确比成年人要快(quickly)。14.A 前面说小孩学习语言的确比成年人要快, 后面 but 表转折,说研究表明你可以在任何年龄(age)学习语言。15.A 考查上下文语境。下句出现了“Well, relax and laugh”, 可知人们担心(worry about)他们犯错误。16.D 前面反复出现 learn, learning,由此可知此处选 D,指在学习过程中犯错。17.B 考查固定句型: 祈使句+ and.。句意: 放松并自我解嘲一下自己的错误, 这样你就不太可能再次犯这些错误。18.D 根据下文 But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress.可知, 学习一门新的语言从来都不是容易的(easy)。19.B 根据后面的 the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words 可知, 你只说几句话, 人们就给予积极的反应, 因此是 amazed(惊奇的)。20.A 前面说 the positive reaction of some people,可知是说一些他们(their)的语言。1Module 1 British and American English1 课文与语法填空阅读所学课文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。British and American English differ 1. many ways.The difference in the vocabulary is the most obvious.Sometimes,the same word has 2. slightly different meaning,which can be confusing.There are a few differences in grammar,too.The British use prepositions 3. Americans sometimes omit them.The other two areas in 4. the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.American spelling seems simpler,and many factors 5. (influence)American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived there.Although there are so many differences,some experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together.Communications across the Atlantic have developed 6. (steady)for over a century.The experts think this non-stop communication has made 7. easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.But it has also led 8. lots of American words and structures 9. (pass)into British English,so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.There are going to be many“Englishes”with the international dimension.But the most important thing is that users of English will all be able to understand each other,10. they are. 2 课文与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。2Noah Webster,a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778,once fight against the British in the American War of Independence.He felt that writing English in the newly independent United States should have distinctive“American”look.His first book,The Elementary Spelling Book,suggested simplify the spelling of English words.The book was extreme popular.By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year,making them one of the most popular school books ever.What’s more,Webster is most known for his American Dictionary of the English Language,which first was appeared in 1828.Today,it was still the number one dictionaries for American students.3 话题知识与写作根据下面的素材，用本模块所学词汇和句式结构完成句子。1.最近,关于哪一种英语对我们有更大的影响我们进行了辩论。____________________________________________________________________________________________2.一些学生认为和美式英语相比,英式英语的影响更大。____________________________________________________________________________________________3.它是“最早的”英语,BBC 和许多国际性报纸都使用它。____________________________________________________________________________________________4.其他人支持美式英语。____________________________________________________________________________________________5.他们认为,大多数英语电影都是美国的,这导致全世界越来越多的人使用美式英语。____________________________________________________________________________________________6.我认为,不管我们使用哪一种英语,我们理解彼此没有困难,因为它们有很多共同点。____________________________________________________________________________________________【联句成篇】把以上句子联成短文,要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3答案精解精析1.课文与语法填空1.in 此处表达:在很多方面有区别,应该用 in many ways。2.a 考查不定冠词。相同的单词有一个稍微不同的意思。3.where 此处 where 引导地点状语从句。4.which 根据设空前的介词 in 可知此处是“介词+关系代词(which)”引导的定语从句。5.have influenced 根据 since 引导的时间状语从句可知此处应该用现在完成时。6.steadily 副词修饰句子的谓语动词。7.it it 充当形式宾语,代替后面的不定式结构。8.to lead to 意为“导致”。9.passing lead to 中 to 是介词,此处跟 v.-ing 形式作宾补。10.wherever 无论使用英语的人在哪儿,他们都能相互听懂。2 课文与短文改错1.第一句:fight→fought 此处是句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语 in 1778 可知应该用一般过去时。2.第二句:writing→written 书面英语要用 written English。3.第二句:have 后面加 a 此处表示:一个独特的美国面孔。4.第三句:simplify→simplifying suggest doing sth.意为:建议做某事。5.第四句:extreme→extremely 副词修饰形容词 popular。6.第五句:them→it 代词 it 代替前面的“这一本书”。7.第六句:most→best be well known for 的最高级 be best known for。8.第六句:去掉 was 此处 appear 是一个不及物动词,不能用于被动语态中。9.第七句:was→is 根据语境和时间状语可知此处应该用一般现在时。10.第七句:dictionaries→dictionary 排名第一的词典,要用单数形式。3 话题知识与写作1.Recently we have a debate about which English makes more difference to us.2.Some students think British English has more influence compared with American English.3.It is the“original”variety of English and the BBC and many international newspapers use it.4.Others are in favor of American English.45.They hold the view that most English language films are American,which has led to more and more people across the world using American English.6.In my opinion,whichever English we use,we have no difficulty understanding each other,because they have a lot in common.One possible version:Recently we have a debate about which English makes more difference to us.Some students think British English has more influence compared with American English,because it is the“original”variety of English and the BBC and many international newspapers use it.However,others are in favor of American English.They hold the view that most English language films are American,which has led to more and more people across the world using American English.In my opinion,whichever English we use,we have no difficulty understanding each other,because they have a lot in common.1Module 1 British and American English基础知识默写篇 一、分层单词写作词汇1. n.评论;讲话 2. n.努力;尝试 3. adj.与众不同的 4. n.卫星 5. n.(广播、电视节目的)期;版 6. n.口音 7. vi.(英)排队(等候) 8. adj.标准的 阅读词汇1.subway/underground n. 2.omit vt. 3.preposition n. 4.switch n. 5.structure n. 6.cute adj. 拓展词汇1. adj.显然的;显而易见的→ adv.显然地;明显地 2. v.使结合;使联合→ n.组合;结合 3. adj.令人困惑的;混乱的→ adj.(感到)困惑的→ v.使困惑;混淆→ n.困惑;混乱 4. v.对比;比较→ n.对照;比较 5. adj.稳固的;镇定的→ adv.稳定地;稳固地 6. adj.快的;迅速的→ adv.快地;迅速地 27. v.宣布;宣告→ n.通告;通知 8. v.谈到;提到;涉及→ n.提到;涉及;查询 9. v.批评;评论;挑剔→ n.批评家;评论家→ n.批评;评论 10. adj.简单的;单纯的→ v.简化;使简易 二、高频短语1. 与……相似 2. 导致;引起 3. 幸亏;多亏 4. 坚持;遵守 5. 受某人欢迎 6. have.in common 7. make a difference 8. in favor of 9. refer to.as. 10. fill up with 三、经典句型1.A Londoner (理解有更大的困难) a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker. 2.Since the 1980s,with satellite TV and the Internet, (听到英式和美式英语已成为可能) at the flick of a switch. 3.This non-stop communication,the experts think,has (使英国人和美国人互相理解更加容易). 基础知识运用篇 一、语境词汇运用(一)词汇情景拼写(注意单词短语适当形式变化)1.Jane had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it at her first (尝试). 2.During the festival and celebration, you can appreciate the music and dance with d features. 33.With economy increasing (持续地),people can enjoy a life of higher quality. 4.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is not easy because technology is changing so (迅速地). 5.Being punished on account of drunk driving, (显然地), is now in public concer n. (二)词形变化填空 (注意单词短语适当形式变化)1.While American English and British English share many similarities,you may find yourself (confuse) by the differences of the words. 2.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future (refer). 3.How a person reacts to (criticize) often means the difference between success and failure. 4.I’d love to find a job (combine) my major and interest upon graduation so that I can fully develop my potential. 5.The clock has just struck twelve, (announce) the end of the morning in school. 6.When (compare)the twins,you will find the differences between them. 7.The teacher (simple) the instructions so that the children could understand them better. 8.We were impressed with a wide of plants in the garden, whose flowers were , and their heights from 10 cm to 15 cm.(vary) 9.Since you can’t find a better job, why don’t you (坚持) the present one? 10.This magazine very (受……欢迎) young people, who like its content and style. 11.Despite all the benefits of building the subway in the city center, only a few people argued (支持) the project. 12.They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to (影响) in the lives of others. 13.In these guidelines, children under the age of 18 will (称为)as young people. 二、经典句型仿写1.由于没有他的电话号码,她在联系比尔时遇到了一些困难。(have difficulty doing)Not having his telephone number,she in touch with Bill. 2.在一个英语是母语的人的帮助下,他的英语口语极有可能得到提高。(it 作形式主语)4his spoken English with the help of a native English speaker. 3.新技术已经使新产品以更低的成本更快速地生产成为可能。(make it+ adj.+to do)New technologies have new products faster and at a lower cost. 4.中国修建了越来越多的高速公路,人们更加容易从一个地点到另外一个地点。(现在分词短语作状语)More highways have been built in China, from one place to another. 5答案精解精析基础知识默写篇一、分层单词写作词汇1.remark 2.attempt 3.distinctive 4.satellite 5.edition 6.accent 7.queue 8.standard阅读词汇1.地铁 2.省略 3.介词 4.开关 5.结构;体系 6.逗人喜爱的拓展词汇1.obvious;obviously 2.combine;combination 3.confusing;confused;confuse;confusion 4.compare;comparison 5.steady;steadily 6.rapid;rapidly 7.announce;announcement 8.refer;reference 9.criticise;critic;criticism 10.simple;simplify二、高频短语1.be similar to 2.lead to/result in 3.thanks to 4.stick to 5.be popular with sb. 6.有共同点 7.产生影响;起作用 8.赞成,同意;支持 9.称……为…… 10.用……填满/装满三、经典句型1.has more difficulty understanding 2.it has been possible to listen to British and American English 3.made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other 基础知识运用篇一、语境词汇运用(一)词汇情景拼写1.attempt 2.distinctive 3.steadily 4.rapidly 5.obviously(二)词形变化填空 1.confused 2.reference 3.criticism 4.combining 5.announcing 6.comparing 7.simplified 8.variety,various,varied 9.stick to 10.is,popular with 11.in favor of 12.make a difference 13.be referred6二、经典句型仿写1.had some difficulty getting 2.It is possible to improve 3.made it possible to produce 4.making it much easier for people to travel