2019届高三英语一轮复习 Unit 1-5（课件+试题）（打包10套）新人教版必修5.zip

必修 5Unit 1 Great scientistsUnit 2 The United KingdomUnit 3 Life in the futureUnit 4 Make the newsUnit 5 First aid1题组层级快练 21 Unit 1 Great scientists Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2017·浙江高三模拟)Everybody sleeps, but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies by culture. From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep, on average, are sporting events, time changes, and holidays.Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half－hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time” starting on October 36. Russia's other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year's Eve, Russians have the world's latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3：30 am.Russians also get up an hour later on International Women's Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.Similarly, Americans' late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three－day weekends. Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球) final. The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺). The worst night for sleep in the U．K. was the night of the England－Italy match on June 15. Brits stayed up a half－hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summer time. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup.It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns, in some of these nations, it's likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that's the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most health－conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut－eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 1. What does the author say about people's sleeping habits? A. They are culture－related.2B. They affect people's health.C. They change with the seasons.D. They vary from person to person.2. What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep? A. They don't sleep much on weekends.B. They get less sleep on public holidays.C. They don't fall asleep until it is very late.D. They sleep longer than people elsewhere.3. What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their patterns? A. They are involved in a sleep research.B. They have trouble falling asleep.C. They want to get sufficient sleep.D. They want to go to bed on regular hours.4. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Sleeplessness does harm to people's health.B. Few people really know the importance of sleep.C. It is important to study your sleep patterns.D. Average people probably sleep less than the rich.答案与解析【文章大意】 本文属于说明文，主要介绍了人们的睡眠习惯是与文化有关的，作者还进行了举例说明。1. 答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Everybody sleeps, but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies by culture.”可知人们的睡眠习惯是与文化有关的。2. 答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Russia's other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays.”可知，答案为 B 项。3. 答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person.”可知，答案为 C 项。4. 答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“If the most health－conscious among us have 3such deep swings in our shut－eye levels through out the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? ”可知，选 B 项。Ⅱ. 完形填空(2017·四川广元二模)My 14－year－old son, John, and I spotted the coat at the same time at a second－hand clothing store. It had a black collar, delightful tailoring, a Fifth Avenue label(标签) and a (an) __1__ price of $28.We looked at __2__， saying nothing, __3__ John's eyes shone. Dark, woolen top coats were popular just then with __4__， but could __5__ several hundred dollars now.John __6__ the coat. He turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied __7__ that soon changed into a smile. The __8__ was perfect. John wore the coat to school the next day and came home __9__ a big smile. “How did the kids like your coat? ”I asked. “They love it.”He said, __10__ folding it over the chair and smoothing it flat.Over the next few weeks, the __11__ came over John. Quiet, reasoned discussion was __12__ argument. He became more thoughtful and eager to __13__. “Good dinner, Mum, ”he would say every evening. One day when I suggested that he might start on homework before dinner, John said, “You are __14__， and I guess I will.”When I asked one of his teachers __15__ caused the changes, she said with laughter, “It must be his coat！” At the library, we __16__ to meet a friend who had not seen our children for a long time. “__17__ this be John? ”he asked, looking up to John's new height, assessing the cut of his coat, and extending his hand, one __18__ to another.John and I both knew we should never __19__ a person's clothes for the real person within them. As is known, what is on the inside should be __20__ with what is on the outside.1. A. unbelievable B. specialC. reasonable D. average2. A. the other B. othersC. one another D. each other3. A. therefore B. howeverC. thus D. but4. A. teenagers B. people4C. parents D. adults5. A. spend B. costC. pay D. take6. A. touched B. heldC. buttoned D. obtained7. A. gesture B. expressionC. attitude D. feeling8. A. color B. fitC. price D. style9. A. having B. showingC. behaving D. wearing10. A. carefully B. carelesslyC. patiently D. hurriedly11. A. change B. satisfactionC. happiness D. generosity12. A. because of B. aware ofC. instead of D. full of13. A. regret B. pleaseC. complain D. apologize14. A. troublesome B. trueC. right D. wrong15. A. what B. howC. when D. that16. A. decided B. cameC. intended D. happened17. A. Could B. WouldC. Must D. Should18. A. friend B. teacherC. gentleman D. fellow19. A. watch B. mistakeC. consider D. judge20. A. compared B. connectedC. combined D. matched答案与解析5【文章大意】 文章作者通过讲述儿子自从穿了一件新的衣服后，整个人发生了变化，变得礼貌了，更快乐、愿意听从建议了，也愿意说些话让作者高兴了。从而得出结论：我们穿的衣服也会影响我们的内在。1. 答案 A解析 根据下文的“but could cost several hundred dollars now”(这样的衣服需要好几百美元)可知，这件衣服 28 美元的价格令人难以置信。故选 A 项。unbelievable“难以置信的” 。2. 答案 D解析 根据“My 14－year－old son, John, and I spotted the coat at the same time at a second－ hand clothing store”可知，只有作者和儿子两个人。 each other 表示两者之间相互，one another 用于三者或三者以上的两两之间相互。故选 D 项。3. 答案 D解析 根据“We looked at each other, saying nothing, but John's eyes shone”作者和儿子对如此便宜的衣服并没发表什么看法，但约翰的眼睛闪耀着快乐的光芒。4．答案 A解析 根据“but John's eyes shone. Dark, woolen top coats were popular just then with teenagers”儿子看到这件衣服时眼睛透露着喜欢，可知孩子们很喜欢这类衣服。5. 答案 B解析 根据“Dark, woolen top coats were popular just then with teenagers, but could cost several hundred dollars now.”可知，本句的主语为衣服，表示物品的花费应该用 cost。6. 答案 C解析 根据“John buttoned the coat. He turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious .”可知，他试穿了这件衣服，所以此处应该是紧扣大衣纽扣。7. 答案 B解析 根据“eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied expression that soon changed into a smile”可知，他在镜子里打量自己时由严肃的表情到笑了起来，可以看出他的表情发生了变化。8. 答案 B解析 根据“The fit was perfect”联系上下文可知，约翰对这件衣服很满意，且买了这件衣服，所以衣服很合身。9. 答案 D6解析 根据“John wore the coat to school the next day and came home wearing a big smile”可知约翰穿着那件衣服去了学校，回家的时候很高兴， “wear a big smile”面露微笑。10. 答案 A解析 根据“carefully folding it over the chair and smoothing it flat”可知，因为约翰很喜欢这件衣服，所以他小心地把它折好，平放在椅子上。11. 答案 A解析 根据“Over the next few weeks, the change came over John. Quiet, reasoned discussion was instead of argument”可知，过了几周，约翰和人交谈时都是平静的，有理有据的，而不再是激烈的争论，这是约翰的变化。12. 答案 C解析 根据“Quiet, reasoned discussion was instead of argument”可知，约翰用他有理有据的说话方式来代替以前的爱和人争吵的说话方式。because of“因为” ；(be) aware of“意识到” ；instead of“代替” ；full of“充满” 。13. 答案 B解析 根据“He became more thoughtful and eager to please. ‘Good dinner, Mum， ’ he would say every evening.”可知约翰现在每天晚上都会夸妈妈做的晚饭，他变得更有想法，更能令人高兴了。14. 答案 C解析 根据“One day when I suggested that he might start on homework before dinner, John said, ‘You are right, and I guess I will.’”可知有一天作者建议儿子约翰在晚饭之前将作业做了，约翰认同作者的建议，说会去做的。15. 答案 A解析 根据“When I asked one of his teachers what caused the changes”可知当作者问老师是什么导致约翰变化这么大的时……。16. 答案 D解析 根据“we happened to meet a friend who had not seen our children for a long time”可知我们碰巧遇到了一个好久没见过约翰的朋友。 “happen to”碰巧。17．答案 A解析 根据“‘Could this be John？’ he asked”可知，朋友问这个是约翰吗？此题考查习惯用语。18. 答案 C解析 根据“looking up to John's new height, assessing the cut of his coat, and extending his hand, one gentleman to another”可知，朋友看着约翰长高的个子，品7评着他大衣的样式，同时向约翰伸出了手，完全是绅士间的行为。19. 答案 B解析 根据“John and I both knew we should never mistake a person's clothes for the real person within them”可知，约翰和“我”都知道我们永远不应该把一个人的衣服错当成他们内在的真实的人。20. 答案 D解析 根据“As is known, what is on the inside should be matched with what is on the outside”众所周知，一个人的内在应该与外在是匹配的。compared“可比较的” ；connected“有联系的” ；combined“结合的” ；matched“相匹配的” 。Ⅲ. 语法填空(2017·甘肃甘谷)Scientists have discovered that __1__(stay) in the cold could help us lose weight. Researchers at the University of California found that exposure to the cold increases levels of a protein that helps form brown fat—the type of fat that produces heat and keeps us warm. Brown fat burns energy, __2__ helps us lose weight. White fat stores extra energy, which results __3__ weight gain. The researchers said that because air conditioning and heating give us constant __4__(comfort) temperatures, our body's need for brown fat has decreased. They found that, “Outdoor workers in northern Finland who __5__(expose) to cold temperature have __6__ significant amount of brown fat when __7__(compare) to same－aged indoor workers.”The research was conducted on two different control groups of mice. __8__ group was injected with the protein that helps create brown fat. This group later gained 30%less weight after both groups were fed high－fat diets. The researchers say this could be good news in the fight against obesity. People who are obese have __9__(low) levels of brown fat than thinner people. Head researcher Hei Sook Sul said, “This protein could become an important target for research into the treatment and prevention of obesity and obesity－related diseases.”She added, “If you can somehow increase levels of this protein, you could __10__(possible) lose more weight even if eating the same amount of food.”答案与解析1. 答案 staying解析 考查动名词。staying in the cold 是动名词短语作主语。2. 答案 which解析 考查定语从句。先行词是前面的句子 Brown fat burns energy, which 在定语从句8中作主语。3. 答案 in解析 考查介词。result in“导致，引起” 。4. 答案 comfortable解析 考查形容词。句意是“研究人员说，由于空调和取暖给我们带来了持续的舒适温度，我们身体对棕色脂肪的需求减少了。 ”5. 答案 are exposed解析 考查短语。be exposed to“暴露于……” 。6. 答案 a解析 考查冠词。have a significant amount of 意为“有相当数量的……” 。7. 答案 compared解析 考查短语。compared to“与……比较” 。8. 答案 One解析 考查数词。根据上文可知这里表示的是“其中一组” 。9. 答案 lower解析 考查比较级。根据后文中的 than 可知用比较级。10. 答案 possibly解析 考查副词。possibly 修饰动词短语 lose more weight。Ⅳ. 短文改错(2017·黑龙江哈尔滨三模)One afternoon Jack is walking down a river alone. It was very cold day and on the river few boats could be seen. When he stopped on a bridge and look down, he saw a terrible scene. A boy fell of a canoe(独木筏) and was struggling in the water. Without think about himself, Jack jumped into the river and to save the boy. He was about to drag the boy to the river bank then he saw some people stand in a motor boat under the bridge. One of them holding a camera in his hands stared at Jack and said angrily, “They are making a film and you've spoiled our whole afternoon's works! ”答案与解析1. 答案 is→was解析 考查时态。根据时间状语 one afternoon 可知是叙述过去的事情。2. 答案 very 前加 a解析 考查冠词。句意：这是一个非常寒冷的日子，河上几乎看不到船只。3. 答案 look→looked解析 考查时态。根据文章可知应用一般过去时态。94. 答案 of→off解析 考查固定短语。fall off 意为“跌落” 。5. 答案 think→thinking解析 考查动名词。without 是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。6. 答案 去掉 river 后的 and解析 考查连词。句意是“未考虑个人安危，杰克跳进河里去救那个男孩。 ”to save the boy 是目的状语，所以 and 是多余的。7. 答案 then→when解析 考查句型。 be about to . when .“正准备做某事，突然间……”8. 答案 stand→standing解析 考查现在分词。see sb. doing .“看见某人正在做某事” ，standing 作宾语补足语。9. 答案 They→We解析 考查代词。句意：我们正在拍电影，而你破坏了我们整个下午的工作。10. 答案 works→work解析 考查名词。work 表示“工作”的意思时，是不可数名词。1题组层级快练 22 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2017·甘肃)The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten－year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900.Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐) on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip－mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600， 000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.21. What might be the author's purpose in writing the text? A. To seek help for Nauru's problems.B. To give a warning to other countries.C. To show the importance of money.D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.2. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came? A. Rich and powerful. B. Modern and open.C. Peaceful and attractive. D. Greedy and aggressive.3. Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem? A. Its leaders misused the money.B. It spent too much repairing the island.C. Its phosphate mining cost much money.D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.4. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph? A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.B. The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.D. The phosphate mines were destroyed.答案与解析【文章大意】 文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛的。1. 答案 B解析 主旨大意题。本文通过太平洋上的岛国 Nauru 过度使用自己的资源导致最后资源枯竭，国家陷入破产的实例，以警告其他国家在发展过程中要注意科学发展，故 B 项正确。2. 答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.”说明这个岛在被西方发现之前是很宁静美丽的，故 C 项正确。3. 答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.”说明领导人错误投资也是一个主要的原因，故 A 项正确。34. 答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后两句“By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen”可知，这个国家所受的破坏要想恢复要耗费很多的资金，已经很难再恢复到以前了，故 A 项正确。(2017·浙江)Recently I went to the Tsavo National Park in northern Kenya for a film. We set off early for a distant water hole. A huge elephant, covered with dry mud, drank calmly and deeply. He might have traveled 50 km to reach the water. He wasn't going to hurry now. He'd drink a while and then rest in the shade, and then drink again—or so we thought. What actually happened was that he drank deeply and stepped away. Then he suddenly fell down. Within minutes he was dead.We called animal doctor Jeremiah Poghon immediately. He removed the head of a poisoned arrow from the elephant's body, and let out over 100 litters of pus (胺)—the result of the elephants meeting with a poacher(偷猎者) months before.Today's poacher shoots from a blind. He fires an arrow, covered with poison, into the body of an elephant. If the poacher is lucky, the elephant might die in an hour or two; if not, he might have to follow the elephant for days before it dies. Often the arrow head fails to kill the elephant at once—it doesn't mean the poison won't finally kill the elephant, but it will be a slow death.Living in Tsavo through these times, I could see the results of poaching from time to time. When I think about the death of that elephant, what stays with me is the extraordinary silence after the shocking sound of his body hitting the ground. I took some comfort from the knowledge that as the dead body returned to the soil, some animals would benefit—but I couldn't escape the feeling that with the death of such a large animal, the world seemed a poorer and emptier place.5. While filming near the water hole, the author and his team ________．A. knew the elephant was injured4B. found the elephant acted violentlyC. tried their best to save the elephantD. thought the elephant was in good condition6. Further examination showed that the dead elephant ________．A. had suffered a lotB. had wounds all over itC. had drunk some deadly waterD. had had a good fight with a poacher7. How does the author feel when thinking about the elephant's death? A. Embarrassed. B. Funny.C. Upset. D. Relieved8. Why did the author write the text? A. To introduce an African elephant.B. To show the cruelty of poaching.C. To describe his filming experience.D. To ask readers to protect wild animals.答案与解析【文章大意】 作者通过亲眼所见告诉我们猎杀者残忍杀害大象的行为，对此表示痛心，呼吁人们保护动物。5. 答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A huge elephant, covered with dry mud, drank calmly and deeply. He might have traveled 50 km to reach the water. He wasn't going to hurry now. He'd drink a while and then rest in the shade, and then drink again—or so we thought.”，可知他们以为大象很正常。故选 D 项。6. 答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“. let out over 100 litters of pus (胺)—the result of the elephants meeting with a poacher(偷猎者) months before.”，可知这头大象曾经遭受了很大的痛苦。故选 A 项。7. 答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When I think about the death of that elephant, what stays with me is the extraordinary silence after the shocking sound of his body hitting the ground. I took some comfort from the knowledge that as the dead body returned to the soil, some animals would benefit—but I couldn't escape the feeling that with the death of such a large animal, the 5world seemed a poorer and emptier place.”可知当想到大象的死亡时，作者感到很不安。故选 C 项。8. 答案 D解析 写作意图题。通过文章内容可看出作者对残忍的猎杀者表示痛恨，对他们的行为表示心痛，所以写文章呼吁人们保护动物。Ⅱ. 七选五(2017·福建漳州)A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam? Be involved. Parents need to be involved in their teen's work. __1__ What they look for is your presence—to talk, to cry, or simply to sit with them quietly. Communicate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express his/her worries and fears, but don't let them focus on those fears.Help them get organized. __2__ Together, you and your teen can work out a time－table in which he/she can study for what he/she knows will be on the test.Provide a calm setting. Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his/her privacy. Give them a nutritious diet. It's important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam times to focus and do his/her best. __3__ If this happens, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet, rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress.__4__ Persuade your teenager to get some sleep and/or do something active when she needs a real break from studying. Making time for relaxation, fun, and exercise are all important in reducing stress. Help your teen balance her time so that she will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.Show a positive attitude. __5__. Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen's pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for his/her efforts. Most importantly, reassure your teen that things will be all right, no matter what the results are.A. A parent's attitude will dictate their teen's emotions.B. Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite.C. They will only make the situation worse.D. Encourage your teen to relax.E. The best thing is simply to listen.6F. Help your teen think about what he/she has to study and plan accordingly.G. Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves.答案与解析【文章大意】 本文叙述了在孩子学习的重压下，父母应该帮助孩子克服这种障碍，要安慰孩子要放松，要和孩子一起制定合适的计划，要说服孩子要适当的休息，要保持积极的态度。1. 答案 E解析 根据下文的“Communicate openly with your teen”可知这里是指要倾听孩子的心声。2. 答案 F解析 本段内容涉及的是帮助孩子了解自己已经学到的东西。3. 答案 B解析 根据下一句“encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches.”可知这里是指孩子因为考试的压力而不想吃饭，故 B 项正确。4. 答案 D解析 本段内容是要让孩子学会怎样放松自己以及具体的方法，故 D 项符合要求。5. 答案 A解析 根据下一句“Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen' s pressure.”可知父母的态度会显示孩子的情感。故 A 项符合要求。Ⅲ. 短文改错My new friend Tom is good at English writing. One day, I asked him how he did such well in written English. He told me that he has a habit of keep a diary every day. “You can try them, too. I'm sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way.” He said. I thought Tom was right, but I decided to follow his advices. I started to write down something interested every day. Sometimes when I didn't know how to spell a word, I would look it up in a dictionary. When I didn't know how to write a sentence correct, I would ask my teacher for the help. My written English has really improved a lot because that.答案与解析1. 答案 such→so解析 考查副词。 “such”是形容词，修饰名词作定语；“so”是副词，修饰形容词、副词或动词作状语， “well”此处是副词。故 such 改为 so。2. 答案 has→had7解析 考查动词时态。主句“told”是一般过去时态，宾语从句遵循主从句时态一致原则，从句也用过去时态。3. 答案 keep→keeping解析 考查动名词。介词后跟名词、动名词或代词作宾语。4. 答案 them→it解析 考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指代上文提到的“记日记的习惯” ，habit 是单数。故用代词 it 指代。5. 答案 but→so/and解析 考查连词。句意：“我”认为 Tom 是对的，于是“我”决定听从他的建议。前后文是并列关系或者因果关系，不是转折关系。6. 答案 advice→advices解析 考查名词。advice“建议”是不可数名词。7. 答案 interested→interesting解析 考查形容词。现在分词变化来的形容词表示被修饰词的特征；过去分词变化来的形容词表示被修饰词的感受。 “interesting”作后置定语修饰“something” ，说明事物的特征。故 interested 改为 interesting。8. 答案 correct→correctly解析 考查副词。修饰动词“write”用副词“correctly” 。故 correct 改为 correctly。9. 答案 去掉定冠词 the解析 考查冠词。ask sb. for help 表示“向某人寻求帮助” 。10. 答案 because 后加 of解析 考查介词。because 是连词，连接句子；because of 后跟名词、代词作宾语。