1、第 十 五 章 定 语 从 句,在复合句中修饰名词或代词，在句子中起定语作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词，也叫关系词。如： The man who spoke at the meeting just now is my uncle. (先行词) (关系词) (定语从句) The present that I received yesterday evening is from my (先行词) (关系词) (定语从句)pen pal in the USA.,考点1定语从句的引导词 (关系词),1.关系代词：who，whom，whose，whic
2、h，that,who 主/宾语。 如：The girl who is reading a book over there is my friend.,whom指 “人”宾语。 如：The girl (whom) we met just now is my sister., whose指 “人” 或 “物” 定语(所有格) 。 如：The girl whose father is a doctor is a doctor too., which指 “物” 主/宾语。 如：The book which was written by Mo Yan is very popular.,that指 “人”
3、或 “物”主/宾语。 如：He wanted to meet the girl (that) I talked to just now. We talked about the persons and things (that) we remembered.,1.whom，that及which在从句中作宾语时，常可省略，但是介词提前时，关系代词不能省略，也不能使用that。,2.引导词后面是名词，且可以与前面的名词构成所有关系时，引导词用whose。,注意：,2. 关系副词：when，where，why,When，时间(day，year，date，time)引导时间状语，when=on/in
4、+ which，如： I still remember the day when I joined the Party. =I still remember the day on which I joined the Party.,Where，地点(the place，the city)引导地点状语，where=on/in + which ，如： This is the house where I live now. =This is the house in which I live now.,Why, 原因(the reason)引导原因状语，why=for + which, 如： No
5、one knows the reason why she didnt show up yesterday. =No one knows the reason for which she didnt show up yesterday.,考点2 that，which，who与whom的用法区别,(1) 先行词由all，no，some，any，only，little，much，many，every等修饰时，如：Every book that our library has bought is good.,(2) 先行词被形容词最高级、序数词以及 the only，the very，the last
6、，the same修饰时，如：This is the very book that I want to buy.,只用 that的情况,(3) 先行词既指人又指物时，如：I wont forget the club and the friends that I met last summer.,(4) 当little，much，all，something，everything，anything，nothing等不定代词作先行词时，如：Is there anything that I can do for you？,(5) 当主句中已有who或 which，为了避免重复时，如：Who is th
7、e girl that is standing there？,先行词本身是that时，如：The watch is that which tells the time.,(2) 前有逗号 (，) 时，用which指物，如：He came late again，which made me angry.,(3) 关系词前有介词，如：This is the room in which I lived last night.,(4) 一个句子中含有两个定语从句，一个关系代词用that，另一个用which，如： Let me show you the book that I borrowed from
8、the library which was newly open to us.,只用which的情况,先行词为those，one，ones，he或anyone时多用who ，如：He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.,(2) 在there be开头的句子中用who，如： There is a young lady who is waiting for you outside.,(3) 一个句子中两个定从，一个用that，另一个who，如：The man that was praised at the meeting is
9、the monitor who is very modest.,只用who的情况,在由 “介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句时，用whom指人，如：The person for whom youre waiting is on the way now.,注：引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。如： He has a daughter who is very pretty. He has two daughters who are very pretty.,只用whom的情况,真题热身,( )1. Id like to read some Chinese classics. Any suggestion? Journey to the West. Its a book _ is about Monkey King. (2016厦门市)A. what B. who C. that ( ) 2. Happy Camp is an entertainment program _ is very hot among the young people. (2016漳州市)A. who B. / C. which,中考真题,C,C,
