1、必修 5 Unit 2 高考试卷分块专练 (安排 3 课时作业)练 一 阅 读 理 解 提 速 练 限 时 35分 钟 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)A(2018江南十校联考)How did the ancient Chinese keep food warm in winter?Facilities like electric rice cookers and electric kettles make it easy for people to keep food warm. In fact, ancient Chinese people used their o
2、wn methods of heat preservation.“Wen Ding”， ancient rice cookerThe “Wen Ding” unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Neolithic Age. The craftsmanship of making the “Wen Ding” was developed in the Bronze Age. The bronze Ding from t
3、he Shang and Zhou dynasties took on different shapes and structures.“Ran Lu”， ancient small hot potThe “Ran Lu” is a smallsized cooking vessel (器皿) made of bronze. A charcoal (木炭) stove forms the main structure, with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes, and a movable cup at the top. Some experts ha
4、ve concluded that the vessels structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period(475221 BC)Bronze You, ancient kettleThe Bronze You was one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The Bronze Y
5、ou can also be used to warm wine. For example, the Bronze You with a beast mask design, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening where charcoal could be placed.Bronze Yan, ancient steamerAlthough the “Wen Ding” was effective at keeping food warm, the ancient Chinese people later found that its
6、burning produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan was made with a twotier structure and used to steam rice and other grains. After the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25AD 220), further improvements to the Bronze Yan led to the modernday steamer.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了古代中国人在冬天如何给食物保温。21When did the “Ran Lu” beco
7、me popular?AIn the Zhou Dynasty.BIn the Warring States Period.CIn the Eastern Han Dynasty.DIn the Neolithic Age.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据“Ran Lu”， ancient small hot pot 部分中的“these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period (475221 BC)”可知， “Ran Lu”在 the Warring States Period 时期变 得受欢迎，故答案为 B。22The Bron
8、ze You, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening to _.Astore wine Bpour waterCplace charcoal Dhold charcoal ashes解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据文中 Bronze You, ancient kettle 部分中的“For example, the Bronze You with a beast mask design, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening where charcoal could be placed”可
9、知，这个缺口是为了放置 charcoal，故答案为 C。23What is the unique advantage of the Bronze Yan?AIt is warm. BIt is convenient.CIt is environmentfriendly. DIt is useful.解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据文中 Bronze Yan, ancient steamer 部分中的 “Although the Wen Ding . its burning produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan was made with
10、a twotier structure and used to steam rice and other grains”可推知，the Bronze Yan 的优势在于环保，故答案为 C。24Among the following products, which one may have the longest history?AThe “Wen Ding”. BThe “Ran Lu”CThe Bronze You. DThe Bronze Yan.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据文中 “Wen Ding”，ancient rice cooker 部分中的“The Wen Ding unear
11、thed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Neolithic Age”可知， “Wen Ding”历史最悠久，故答案为 A。BA womans home is her castle. She cleans, cooks, decorates, repairs, works, plays and relaxes within the walls of her home. Sometimes women choose to stay
12、at home to raise their children instead of working outside of the home. So you think she must be bored. I was one of those women. After finally getting pregnant, and giving birth, I found my home to be the best place. During the nine months I carried my daughter, my body had been broken and back. Be
13、ing able to relax was just what my weak body needed. Besides, nursing was a rest because I was unhurried and very comfortable. Staying at home certainly cured my broken body.Watching other families grow one child after the next was a horrible dream, when I didnt think I would ever be able to have my
14、 own child. But after having Alyssa, my own cute little baby girl, I was able to let my heart recover from the wounds. I watched and valued every small change of her body and personality. Nothing was more exciting than time spent with my child. I loved to stay at home.Mentally I remained challenged
15、with new opportunities every day. I learned to be perfect and organized. Everything worked like a clock. By 9：00 in the morning, the house was clean beds made, bathrooms cleaned, house cleaned, and windows cleaned. I enjoyed finishing them quickly so that I could devote most of the day to my daughte
16、r. Between nursing, short breaks and staring at her, I thought of ways to improve my home and myself. Even with all the housework, every day was filled with so much fun!语篇解读：怎么有人会问，一个人在家 带孩子会不会无聊 这样的问题呢？对于一个全职妈妈来说，在家陪伴孩子是一件多么快乐的事啊！25Why did the author say home is the best place in Paragraph 2?AShe c
17、ould carry her baby for nine months.BShe could know her baby better.CShe could have a good rest to cure her weak body.DShe could make friends with others.解析：选 C 细节理解题。文章第二段提到 “Being able to relax was just what my weak body needed. Besides, nursing was a rest because I was unhurried and very comforta
18、ble.Staying at home certainly cured my broken body.”由此可知经历了怀孕和生产后，作者的身体受到了很大的伤害，而在家，作者可以调理身体，让自己受损的身体康复，故答案为 C。26Why did the author enjoy staying at home?ABecause she had a beloved husband.BBecause she could heal the wounds physically and mentally.CBecause her daughter had some kind of rare disease.
19、DBecause she liked to do so much housework with her little daughter.解析：选 B 细节理解题。文章第三段中提到“But after having Alyssa . I was able to let my heart recover from the wounds.”可知答案为 B。27What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 4?AShe liked doing work connected with clocks.BShe was busy but happy wh
20、en staying at home.CShe wanted someone to help her with the housework.DShe preferred to take care of her baby while doing the housework.解析：选 B 推理判断题。文章第四段中提到“By 9：00 in the morning, the house was clean beds made, bathrooms cleaned, house cleaned, and windows cleaned. I enjoyed finishing them quickly
21、 so that I could devote most of the day to my daughter.”以及最后一句“Even with all the housework, every day was filled with so much fun！”由此可知作者早晨要完成许多家务活，但是每一天都充 满着乐趣， 虽然忙碌但是幸福，故答案为 B。28What is the best title for the passage?AMy experience as a motherBHow can I deal with my body and my housework?CHow can
22、a stayathome mother be bored?DStay at home解析：选 C 标题归纳题。综 合整篇文章可知，文章的大意是一个全职妈妈讲述在家陪伴孩子是一件多么快乐的事，一点也不无聊，故答案为 C。CTo make sure of greener development, China will combine efforts in environmental protection and ecological restoration according to the countrys newly approved guideline (指导方针 ) for environm
23、ental protection, part of the 13th FiveYear Plan (20162020) China surpassed its goal in environmental protection for the 12th FiveYear Plan (2011 2015), with carbon intensity (强度) dropping by 20 percent (the intended target is 17 percent). It is a major contribution to worldwide efforts against clim
24、ate change, officials said.The new guideline stresses efforts to restore nature while reducing industrial damage to the environment. The goal is to achieve a more environmentally friendly way of living, considerable reduction in major pollutant emissions and a sounder ecological system by 2020. A go
25、od environment is a necessary part in improving peoples living standards, officials said.Statistics of a report from several Chinese universities show that more than one third of the countrys industrial waste water flows directly into rivers and lakes. Water pollution within China has affected the e
26、nvironment, society and agriculture. It has resulted in huge economic losses. Air pollution is also one of the major problems in China. Heavy haze usually covers North and East China. Environmental issues are becoming a barrier to Chinas development. Besides, heavy metal pollution in soil in China i
27、s so serious that it requires us to act immediately. 10 percent of the total farmland of China has heavymetalpolluted soil. The heavy metal in soil will enter into humans food chain through grain and agricultural products.The rapid industrialization of agriculture, expansion of the chemical industry
28、, and the need to produce cheap forms of energy have caused the continuous release of manmade organic chemicals into natural ecosystems. The guideline focuses on ecological restoration by controlling more types of pollutants than before.语篇解读：为了保护环境，恢复生 态系统，中国新 颁布了一 项环境保护指导方针。29According to the passa
29、ge, the guideline _.Ais part of the 12th FiveYear Plan of ChinaBaims to improve Chinese peoples living standardsCcalls for worldwide efforts against climate change and pollutionDfocuses on environmental protection as well as ecological restoration解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第一段 “. China will combine efforts in e
30、nvironmental protection and ecological restoration .”可知，指导方针要求中国在环境保护和生态修复这两方面都要付诸努力。30The underlined word “surpassed ” can be replaced by “_”Abeat BfailedCset Drealized解析：选 A 词义猜测题。根据画 线词下文“. with carbon intensity (强度) dropping by 20 percent (the intended target is 17 percent). It is a major contri
31、bution to worldwide efforts against climate change, officials said.”可知，在“十二五”期间，中国的碳强度下降了 20%(预定目标是 17%)，在全球控制气候 变化方面做出了巨大 贡献。因此中国是超额完成了目标。surpass 意为“超过” 。31What does Para. 4 mainly talk about?AThe huge influence of serious pollution on China.BThe current situation of environmental pollution in Chin
32、a.CChinas achievement in fighting pollution in recent years.DMeasures the Chinese government takes to deal with pollution.解析：选 B 段落大意题。本段分别介绍了中国的水污染、空气污染和土壤污染问题。因此本段主要是说中国当前环境污染的现状。32What can we know from the passage?AMost cities in China suffer serious air pollution.BWater pollution is the biggest
33、problem compared with other kinds of pollution.CMore types of pollutants should be controlled to restore ecosystems.DReducing carbon emissions is the chief goal of the 13th FiveYear Plan.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据最后一段 “The guideline focuses on ecological restoration by controlling more types of pollutants than
34、 before.”可知，为了恢复生态系统，更多类型的污染物应该被控制。D(2018长春外国语学校模拟)Saturns icy moon Enceladus could theoretically be home to methaneproducing (产甲烷的) alien life, NASA said. Researchers made the announcement based on data from 2015, when the spacecraft Cassini detected the presence of hydrogen during a flight through
35、 a cloud of gas and ice erupting from Enceladus south pole. The hydrogen could be a sign of methanogenesis, a form of breath in which microbes (微生物 ) produce methane.“This is a very significant finding because the hydrogen could be a potential source of chemical energy for any microbes that might be
36、 in Enceladus ocean， ” Linda Spilker, a scientist at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said at a press conference. “We now know that Enceladus has almost all of the ingredients you would need to support life as we know it on Earth.” The findings were published in the journal Science.“This is the clos
37、est weve come, so far, to identifying a place with some of the ingredients needed for a habitable environment， ” Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for NASAs Science Mission Directorate, said in a statement. “These results demonstrate the nature of NASAs science missions that are getting us c
38、loser to answering whether we are indeed alone or not.”NASA also announced that the Hubble Space Telescope observed what may have been water vapor emerging from the surface of Jupiters moon Europa in 2014, and again around the same area in 2016.Confirming the existence of Europas gas would allow res
39、earchers to study that moons chemical makeup without having to dig through miles of icy crust (表面). The Cassini and Hubble discoveries related to these “ocean worlds” will help scientists plan NASAs Europa Clipper mission, set to launch in the 2020s. The plan is for the unmanned spacecraft to orbit
40、Jupiter and perform a detailed investigation of Europa.“These discoveries are coming just at the perfect time， ” Jim Green, director of NASAs Planetary Science Division, said. “It enables us to make the right set of observations that can tell us much more about these ocean worlds, Europa in particul
41、ar.”语篇解读：本文是说明文。飞 船探测到气体，表明土 卫二可能存在外星生命。33The new discovery made the scientists feel more _.Aconfident BdoubtfulCworried Dconfused解析：选 A 细节理解题。由第二段中的 “This is a very significant finding”，第三段中的“This is the closest weve come”及最后一段中的“These discoveries are coming just at the perfect time”可知，新的发现让科学家们对探测
42、外星生命的任务更加有信心。34According to the text, NASAs science missions aim to _.Amake space travel a realityBanalyze Jupiters chemical makeupCfind out whether life exists outside EarthDexplore the resources on Saturns icy moon解析：选 C 细节理解题。由第三段中的 “These results demonstrate the nature of NASAs science missions
43、that are getting us closer to answering whether we are indeed alone or not”可知，NASA 科学任务的本质是弄清是否只有地球上存在生命。35Which would be a suitable title for the text?AThere is life outside EarthBEnceladus could harbor alien lifeCA new study about Saturn beginsDNASA is planning a landing on Jupiter解析：选 B 标题归纳题。本文重
44、点在于告诉我们最近发现土卫二南极有氢气，这个迹象可能是外星生命存在的证明。故 B 项最适合作文章标题 。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)Whether you are at Disneyland or another Disney park，you will usually find a nighttime show that will be showing. _36_ Read this article to find out how you can get a good seat for an evening event at any Disney park.Plan
45、 on seeing the show in advance.Usually, if you decide an hour beforehand that youre going to see a show, you will likely end up not getting a good seat, unless the park is not very busy. _37_Do your research.Research online：“The best places to view . ” _38_ Some of them may even be less known, so yo
46、u may not deal with such a big crowd.Arrive to the event early._39_ Possibly even earlier if the park is more crowded on that day. If you arrive ten minutes before the event starts, youre a lot less likely to get a good spot._40_If you must leave to do something, make sure that its extremely quick,
47、and try to have another member of your party stay in your spot while you are away.AStay in the same area.BEnjoy the show with a friend.CIts usually much more enjoyable if you can get a good seat.DThis is especially important if you arrive closer to the event time.EIn order to get a good spot, plan o
48、n arriving an hour before the event.FTherefore, look at the schedule before your trip, or at least the day before.GYoull see a list of places in the park that are the best for viewing that event.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介 绍了在迪士尼公园 举办的晚会上找到好座位的方法。36解析：选 C 空处用来引出本文的话题，在 这里起到承上启下的作用；由空后一句中的“how you can get a go
49、od seat”可以判断，C 项与此处对应 。37解析：选 F 根据该段标题“Plan on seeing the show in advance”并结合空前一句的内容可知，该段主要介绍“ 选好位置”的方法之一：提前做好 观看演出的计划，故 F 项与此处匹配。38解析：选 G 根据空前一句中的“The best places to view”可知， 选 G 项“你将会看到公园里观看演出的最佳位置的列表” 。39解析：选 E 根据该段标题“Arrive to the event early”和空后一句的内容可知，空处主要介绍“提前到达演出现场”这一方法，故 E 项符合文意。40解析：选 A 根据空处所在位置可知，空 处为该段标题 ，是 该段的主旨；根据该段中的“make sure that its extremely quick, and try to h
