1、选修 Unit 1 单元检测语言基础扎根练.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1Basic human rights, including freedom of speech, are now guaranteed (保障)2It must be acknowledged that this object has not been attained (达到) 3The father glared (怒目而视) at the naughty boy and scolded him for his bad behaviour.4With a final burst (猛冲) of speed she
2、 overtook the leading runner and won the race.5They began to draw the interest of the public as they performed (表演) their exciting dance in cafes.6Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave (使举止规矩) themselves.7Training is provided, so no previous (先前的) experience is required for
3、 the job.8Shes got such a negative (消极的) attitude that its depressing to be with her.9We need to have a positive (积极的) mental state if we want to improve our study efficiency.10I dont like to go out during the rush hour, because its too crowded (拥挤的)11The best way to strengthen (strength) willpower
4、is to make it into a habit.12We hope that you will accept our invitation (invite) if it is convenient for you.13With my English teachers patient instruction (instruct) and help, I made great progress in my English learning.14Its better for students to take a variety (vary) of courses so as to take d
5、ifferent kinds of subjects to find their interest.15The old man related some amusing (amuse) stories in his childhood to the children.单句改错1Though in the same family, the birds vary with size and colour.within2By an unfortunate oversight, full instruction did not come with the product.instructioninst
6、ructions3One such a dictionary is enough because we can look up all we need in it. 去掉 a4The computer is still under the guarantee, so you can return it to the shop.去掉第二个 the5Everyone in the room burst out laughter at something that the little boy said.outinto 或 laughterlaughing6Having pictures to co
7、lour will keep children amusing for hours. amusingamused7This ballet group also goes to the countryside to put performances for peasants. put后加 on8They are pulling down those old houses to make a room for a new hotel.去掉第一个a9The rescue team hoped that the stranded tourists in mountain could hold on t
8、ill they arrived.onout10It was very intelligent of him to come up such a splendid idea.up 后加 with.翻译句子/一句多译 1你认为是什么使他在如此短的时间内取得了这么大的进步？(do you think 作插入语)What_do_you_think_lead_him_to_make_such_great_progress_in_such_a_short_time?2世界上没有免费的午餐。(no such名词)There_is_no_such_thing_as_free_lunch_in_the_wor
9、ld.3这是一个正式场合，你应该举止得体。(formal occasion, behave oneself)This_is_a_formal_occasion,_and_you_should_behave_yourself.4看来绿色生活是出人意料地容易和可以负担得起的。(It seems that; affordable)It_seems_that_green_living_is_surprisingly_easy_and_affordable.5你真是太棒了，想出这么一个好主意。(wonderful; come up with)Its_wonderful_of_you_to_come_up
10、_with_such_a_good_idea.6我认为凭你的能力你肯定能找一份更好的工作。I think your ability will guarantee_you_a_better_job.(guarantee sb. sth.)I think your ability will guarantee_a_better_job_to_you.(guarantee sth. to sb.)I think your ability will guarantee_that_you_will_find_a_better_job.(guarantee that .)I think your abil
11、ity will give_you_a_guarantee_that_you_will_find_a_better_job. (give sb. a guarantee)7听到这个笑话，全班哄堂大笑。The whole class burst_into _laughter when they heard the joke.(burst into)The whole class burst_out_laughing when they heard the joke.(burst out)8这个商店每天给顾客提供各种各样的商品。The store provides the customs with
12、 all_kinds_of_goods every day.The store provides the customs with various_goods every day.The store provides the customs with a_variety_of_goods every day.The store provides the customs with varieties_of_goods every day.话题语篇高考练.阅读理解A(2018重庆南开中学月考)Some people like to listen to the Beatles, while othe
13、rs prefer Gregorian chants (呼喊). When it comes to music, scientists find that nurture can overpower nature.A study shows musical preferences seem to be mainly shaped by a persons cultural upbringing and experiences rather than biological factors.“Our results show that there is a profound cultural di
14、fference in the way people respond to consonant (和谐的) and dissonant (不和谐的) sounds, and this suggests that other cultures hear the world differently， ” says Josh McDermott, a scientist in Cambridge.Some scientists believe that the way people respond to music has a biological basis and that this would
15、 overpower any cultural shaping of musical preferences, effectively making them a universal phenomenon. Some musicians, by contrast, think that such preferences are more a product of ones culture. If a persons upbringing shapes their preferences, then they are not a universal phenomenon.The trick to
16、 working out where musical preferences come from was to find and test people who hadnt had much contact with Western music. McDermott and his team travelled by aeroplane, car and canoe to reach the remote villages of the Tsimane people, who are largely isolated from Western culture.In their experime
17、nts, McDermott and his colleagues investigated responses to Western music by playing combinations of notes to three groups of people: the Tsimane and two other groups of Bolivians that had experienced increasing levels of exposure to Western music. The researchers recorded whether each group regarde
18、d the notes as pleasant or unpleasant.The Tsimane are just as good at making acoustic (声响的 ) distinctions as the groups with more experience of other types of music, the scientists find. Most people prefer consonant tones, but the Tsimane have no preference between them. “This pretty convincingly ru
19、les out that the preferences are things were born with， ” McDermott argues.“Culture plays a role. We like the music we grew up with， ” agrees Dale Purves, a scientist at Duke University.“Nature versus nurture is always a_fools_errand. Its almost always a combination， ” he adds.语 篇 解 读 ：本 文 介 绍 了 一 些
20、 科 学 家 关 于 音 乐 的 实 验 。1Why does the author mention the Beatles in the first paragraph?ATo arouse readers interest.BTo stress the importance of music.CTo introduce the topic to be discussed.DTo encourage readers to listen to their music.解析：选 C 推理判断题。文章介 绍了一些科学家关于音 乐的实验，此 处提及“the Beatles”是为了引出文章的主题。故选
21、 C。2McDermott would most probably agree that _.Apeoples music preference is a universal phenomenonBChinese and Japanese have different music preferencesCthe way people respond to music is biologically decidedDparents have nothing to do with childrens music preference解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据文章中麦克德莫特所做的一些实验表明，
22、不同的地域会影响人们的音乐喜好。故选 B。3What do we know about the Tsimane in the experiment?AThey prefer consonant tones.BThey are born with excellent music talent.CThey do well in telling acoustic distinctions.DThey have never had contact with Western music.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句 “The Tsimane are just as good at ma
23、king acoustic (声响的) . but the Tsimane have no preference between them.”可知， 选C。4What does the underlined phrase “a fools errand” in the last paragraph refer to?ASomething meaningless. BSomething significant.CSomething reliable. DSomething sensitive.解析：选 A 词义猜测题。根据文章最后两句可知，天性与培养总是徒劳的，这几乎总是一个组合。故选 A。BL
24、iving among trees, plants and flowers can fill your life with beauty. And if you are a woman, it can also help you live longer.Women who live in homes surrounded by plants appear to have lower death rates than women who live in areas with less green plants, according to a research.Peter James and hi
25、s team looked at information from one of the largest and oldest investigations of womens health: the Nurses Health Study.For the new study, the team looked at the death rates of more than 100,000 women between the years 2008 and 2015. Then the researchers compared the death rates of these women to t
26、he green plants around their homes. To determine the amount of trees and other vegetation (植被), researchers examined satellite images.To make it more believable, the researchers considered other risk factors things such as the age of the women, their economic status, and race. They also looked at wh
27、ether or not the women smoked.Peter James says he and his team were surprised to find such a strong link between high vegetation levels and low death rates. He adds they were also surprised to find how high levels of plant life can affect a womans mental health.The study suggests that living among v
28、egetation lowered levels of depression. Researchers say women in greener areas spent more time with other people, exercised more and were less exposed to air pollution.One of the biggest effects of greenery appeared to be a lowered risk of cancer. Here are some numbers. The study found that women li
29、ving in the greenest areas had a 13 percent lower rate of dying from cancer.James says that it is common knowledge that vegetation helps the environment in many ways. But, he adds, the new findings suggest ways for city planners, landscape architects and policymakers to grow even healthier living ar
30、eas.语篇解读：植物对环境有很多益处。研究者 认为，女性若住在四处环绕植物的地方，死亡率会较低、可以减轻抑郁以及降低患癌症的 风险；而且还发现 植物寿命长短可影响女性的心理健康。5Whats the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo introduce the green environment and call on people to enjoy it.BTo show women living in green areas are more likely to live long.CTo show the relationship betw
31、een animals and plants.DTo give some tips on how to live long.解析：选 B 写作目的题。文章第一段引出话题，第二段提出本文的主题女性若住在四处环绕植物的地方，死亡率会 较低，下文 对此话题展开 说明，并详细介绍了该研究是如何进行的。由此可推断，作者写作本文的目的是说明生活在绿色植物较多的区域的女性可能寿命更长。故选 B 项。6How did the researchers make the research more convincing?ABy studying more people.BBy examining satellit
32、e images.CBy taking more factors into account.DBy cooperating with the Nurses Health Study.解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句 “To make it more believable, the researchers considered other risk factors things such as the age of the women, their economic status, and race.”可知， 为了使研究更有说服力，研究者考虑了很多因素。故选 C项。7When Jame
33、s found the connection between vegetation levels and death rates, he was _.Aexcited BunconcernedCrelieved Dsurprised解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句 “Peter James says he and his team were surprised to find such a strong link between high vegetation levels and low death rates.”可知，当詹姆斯和他的团队发现高绿化率和低死亡率之间存在密切的联系时，
34、他们很惊讶。故 选 D项。8What can we learn from the text?APeople are unlikely to develop cancer because of living with green plants.BPeople die from cancer more than from other diseases.CLiving with green plants can help lower depression.DThis finding is specially made for city planners.解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据文章第七段第一句
35、 “The study suggests that living among vegetation lowered levels of depression.”可知，住在四处环绕植物的地方可以帮助减轻抑郁。故选 C 项。.阅读七选五How to Make PlansMost people get scared when talking about planning or writing plans. _1_. And you need to plan for success as planning really works and inspires you to go straight ahe
36、ad. However, how to create effective plans is still a problem. Dont worry, and just follow the steps below.Step 1 _2_What plans have you had in the past? Probably, in some of your plans, you havent ended up where you thought you were going to end up. Get a good understanding of what you have done an
37、d what you havent done in the past. It is a primary foundation for your new plan. If having no plan, just take actions and make plans right now.Step 2 Think about the WhatIfsWhen you are building your plans, you should consider where you are going and make clear the WhatIfs. Because not everything j
38、ust goes smoothly as you believe. _3_.Step 3 Document the plansWhen starting to make plans, you should try to write them down. It is of key importance for the future. _4_. In addition, make sure you have the plans fully written out with all the key elements concerned, including details.Step 4 Update
39、 the plansAccording to your written plans and actual situation, you should check out the plans you have completed and havent completed. _5_. Make sure all the assumptions are there and work out the details. After hanging on for some days, planning will be getting simpler and easier.AReview historica
40、l plansBMake new plans immediatelyCActually, people are more likely to succeed in a planned wayDAnd you need to continue what you havent done and update itENot all people can memorize every word they said and thought wellFAnd what you should do next is to check your plans monthly or quarterlyGFor yo
41、ur benefits, you need to make Plan A and Plan B in case of changes and contingencies (偶发事件)语 篇 解 读 ：文 章 讲 了 怎 样 有 效 地 制 订 计 划 实 现 成 功 。1选 C 根据设空后一句“And you need to plan for success as planning really works and inspires you to go straight ahead.”可知， 设空处应引出 计划有助于成功，故 C 项符合语境。2选 A 纵观文章结构，本空 应填小标题，根据 该部
42、分中的 “Get a good understanding of what you have done and what you havent done in the past.”可知，本段内容与 过去的计划有关，故 A 项符合语境。3选 G 根据设空前的“Because not everything just goes smoothly as you believe.”可知，并不是所有的事都会顺利 进行，要考 虑到意外情况，故 G 项中的“in case of changes and contingencies”符合语境。4选 E 根据设空前的“When starting to make p
43、lans, you should try to write them down.”可知，作者建议要写下计划， E 项“并不是所有人都能记住自己说过和想好的每一句话”恰好解释了前文的原因。5选 D 根据本段小标题 Update the plans 可知，本段主题为更新计划，故 D 项符合语境，该项中的 update 与小标题呼应。.语法填空(2018南昌模拟)Visiting Xian was once my dream. It became a reality when I was admitted to a training course in China along with two ot
44、her _1_ (lady). Finally, the day arrived _2_ I landed at Xianyang International Airport in early August. As soon as I landed, I _3_ (feel) a change in the atmosphere. I saw people standing in queues _4_ (wait) for their turn at the immigration desk. Afterwards, we were transported to the office in t
45、he International Exhibition Center. China had invited participants _5_ twentythree developing countries to share digital television broadcasting techniques with them.In my 20 days in Xian, I got the opportunity to observe Chinese culture closely, _6_ thus in left an unforgettable mark on me. Now, Xi
46、an is like my second home. Since I came back to Pakistan, I have been missing Xian _7_ (bad)My 20day stay in Xian was _8_ great experience. It was a learning opportunity, and also a chance to _9_ (broad) my understanding of diversity. I learned that despite differences of colors, heights, races and
47、religions, all human beings _10_ (tie) by the bond of humanity, and that the future of nations is global with development and peace.语篇解读：作者通过去西安旅游的一次经历，增加了 对中国文化的了解，感叹文化是不分国界和种族的。1ladies 考查名词单复数。句意：当我和另外两位女士一起开始参加在中国的一个培训课程的时候，我的这个梦想就 实现了。数 词 two 后接可数名词的复数形式，故填 ladies。2when 考查 定语从句。句意：八月初我降落到咸阳国 际机场
48、的那一天终于到来了。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行 词 day，且从句中缺少 时间状 语，故填 when。3felt 考查动词的时态。句意：飞机一落地，我就感 觉到了气氛的不同。根据从句时态提示词 landed 可知，主句也应用一般过去时。故填 felt。4waiting 考查非谓语动词。句意：我看到人们站成几队在移民局的办公桌前等候。此处为“see 宾语 宾补”复合结构，wait 与 people 之间为主动关系，要用现在分词作宾补。故填 waiting。5from 考查介词。句意：中国邀请了来自二十三个发展中国家的与会者来分享他们的数字电视广播技术。设空处表示 “来自” ，故填介 词 fro
49、m。6and 考查连词。句意：在西安的 20 天里，我有机会近距离观察中国文化，而且中国文化给我留下了难以忘怀的印象。分析句子 结构可知，句中不缺少成分，由此可知，是两个并列分句，且是递进关系，故填 and。7badly 考查词性转换。句意：自从我回到巴基斯坦后，我一直非常想念西安。修饰missing 用副词 ，故填 badly。8a 考查冠词。句意：20 天的西安之行是一次非常棒的经历。experience 作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，因此此处用不定冠词表示泛指。故填 a。9broaden 考查词性转换。句意： 这是一次学习的机会，也是增加我对文化多样性了解的机会。不定式符号 to 后接动词原形，故填 broaden，意为“增长；扩大” 。10are tied 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：我知道尽管有肤色、身高、种族和宗
