1、名词、冠词、代词【知识点睛】一、名词 _ 分 类数名 词 _不 可 数 名 词所 有 格句 法 功 能 作 定 语 、 同 位 语 、 补 语 、 状 语难点 1：某国人变复数国家 人(单数) 人(复数)China JapanEnglandFranceGermanyIndiaAmericaAustraliaItalyArabCanadaEurope难点 2：双重所有格 VS of 所有格a picture of my teachers a picture of my teacher我老师的一张照片（强调我老师的众多照片中的一张，不一定是我老师本人）我老师本人的一张照片（强调我老师本人）难点 3
2、：名词作定语运动会：a _ meeting two _ meetings服装店：a _ store two _ stores男教师：a _ teacher two _ teachers女医生：a _ doctor five _ doctors除这个别名词外，其余名词作定语要用_，如“许多苹果树 many _ trees”。二、冠词（一）冠词分类 _、_、_（二）不定冠词的用法1. 用于单数可数名词前，泛指“某一、任一”2. 用于序数词(除 first 外)前，表示“再一、又一”3. 用于固定搭配中：a few/little/bit; have a swim/walk/talk/look/dan
3、ce/drink/rest; (感冒)_; (玩得高兴)_; in a hurry; for a while; keep a diary; (帮助某人) _（三）定冠词的用法1. the 表示特指_：Kim has a cat. The cat is black. _：Lets go to the supermarket! _：I know the girl in red. 2. the 表示“独一无二”3. the + 序数词，eg: on _ second floor4. the + 形容词原级，表示“一类人”，eg: 老人：_5. the + 形容词比较级，_ _ (tall) of t
4、he two boys6. the + 形容词最高级，eg: _ most beautiful city7. the + 年份的复数，表示某年代，in the 1990s8. 用在姓氏的复数前，指代一家人或夫妻，eg: 格林一家_9. 西洋乐器的名词前加 play _ piano10. 由普通名词构成的专有名词前加 the，eg: the Great Wall11. 用在固定短语中：in the morning/afternoon/evening; in the daytime; in the end; (一直)_; at the same time; by the way; in the o
5、pen air; (在岁时)_; at the beginning of; on the other side of; in the middle of; at the moment （四）零冠词的用法 1. 不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时前面用零冠词。 Man cant live without water. Horses are domestic animals. 2. 某些专有名词，如人名、地名、国名、物质名词、抽象名词表示泛指时前面用零冠词。 China is a great country. Mary lives in New York. 3. 名词前已有名词所有格，物主代词或 thi
6、s, that, every 修饰时，用零冠词。Every student likes English in our _ class.A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. 在节日、日期、星期、月份、季节等前面用零冠词，但若特指某年的某月或某年的某季节时，要在月份、季节前加 the。 June 1st is Childrens Day. Spring comes after winter. He was born in _ autumn of 1990. 5. 表示称呼或表示头衔的名词作表语、同位语、补语时用零冠词。 This is Professor Li. 6. 三餐、球类运动
7、及学科名词之前用零冠词。 have _ breakfast play _ football Do you like _ English?7. “专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街名、路名、山名等的名词前用零冠词。 Huanghe Road 8. by + 交通工具，交通工具名词前使用零冠词。by _ bus on _ bus9. 在公共假日、节日名词前用零冠词。New Years Day, Womens Day10. 在某些固定短语中：day and night; face to face; side by side; step by step; at school / work / home;
8、 (在危险中)_; in bed; in time; at noon/night/dawn; (值日)_难点 1：用 a 还是 an ?a 用在以_开头的单词或字母前an 用在以_开头的单词或字母前在 26 个字母中，单个字母前用不定冠词 an 的有_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_以字母 U 开头的常见单词_ university _ useful book _ ugly man _ umbrella _ unhappy man _ unusual story _ used car 难点 2：名词被 such, half, what, many, so, how, too, qu
9、ite, rather, very 等修饰时，不定冠词的位置问题例如：_ such _ honest _ boy half hour what nice day very interesting story many man so nice girl how nice film quite good book rather useful tool 三、代词（一）人称代词、物主代词、反身代词第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单 复 单 复 单 复人称代词（主格） I we you you he she it they人称代词（宾格）形物代名物代反身代词难点 1：代词的用法This morning _(
10、她) invited _(我) to _(她的) birthday party. The party is _(她的), not _(我的).难点 2：反身代词的常用短语自学_ 自学_苏醒_ 独自_随便吃_ 玩得愉快_伤着某人自己_难点 3：人称代词主格作主语的语序单数形式(二、三、一) _, _ and _ (I, he/she, you)复数形式(一、二、三) _, _ and _(we, they, you)承认错误时(第一人称放前) _ and _ (I, John)难点 4：人称代词 it 用法小结1. 指代前面提到过的事物。 Do you use your dictionary n
11、ow? Can I borrow _? Mom, my friend has a beautiful skirt. I want _, too. 2. 用来代替指示代词 this 或 that。 Whats this? _ a pen. 3. 指不明性别的婴儿或不明身份的人。 Someone is knocking at the door. Please go and see who _ is. 4. 指时间或季节。Whats the time now? Its ten oclock. 5. 表天气。Whats the weather like? Its sunny. 6. 表距离。How f
12、ar is it from home to school? 7. 用作_。 It is adj. (for / of sb.) + to do sth.Its ones turn / duty to do sth.Its adj. that8. 用作形式宾语 Do you think/find _ + adj. to do sth.?（二）疑问代词Who wants to go with me? who 作_、_Who are you talking about? To whom are you talking? 宾从：Can you tell me _?Whose book is this?
13、 whose 作_Whats your father? He is a worker. what 询问_Who is that girl? She is my sister. who 询问_What would you like? Id like a cup of juice. what 没有_Which do you like, spring or summer? which 有_(which 指一定范围内，特指的人或物)（三）不定代词：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。some (something，somebody，someone)any (anything，anybod
14、y，anyone)no (nothing，nobody，no one) every (everything，everybody，everyone)all，each，both，much，many，(a) little，(a) few，other(s)，another，none，one，either， neither 等 一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。复合不定代词/副词some 一些 any 任何；一些 no 无 every 每个somebody anybody nobody everybodysomeone anyone no one everyonesomething anything
15、 nothing everythingsomewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere1. 复合不定代词作主语时，都作_看待，其谓语动词用_ 形式。2. 复合不定代词/副词若有定语修饰，该定语要放在复合不定代词/副词_。For lunch, we had something very specialMalaysian yellow noodles.Do you have anything to say?Can you find _ (else, anyone)?Did you go _ (interesting, somewhere)?两者三者其一 都 都不两者三者及
16、以上either / neither of + 名词/代词复数 + 谓语动词_数eitheror或 neithernor连接两个名词作主语，需要遵循_原则肯定否定肯定 否定修饰可数名词复数修饰不可数名词other 一族：泛指（3 者/部之一） 特指（两者/部之一）单数 another /another one the other /the other one复数 others/other ones the others/the other onesWe have two cats. _ is black and _ is white. A. One; one B. One; the other
17、 C. One; other D. One; another 其他each coffee B. coffee; applesC. apple; coffees D. coffee; apples( )3. He gave us _ on how to protect eyes.A. some advices B. some adviceC. an advice D. a advice( )4. The students of Grade 7 visited Mikes farm and saw many _ there.A. bird B. duck C. sheep D. rabbit( )
18、5. A group of _ are talking with two _ over there.A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; GermenC. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans( )6. There are _ and _ on the table.A. two boxes cake; four bottle of orangesB. two boxes cake; four bottle of orangeC. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orangeD.
19、 two boxs of cakes; four bottles of orange( )7. _ mothers are _ teachers. A. Lucys and Mary; woman B. Lucy and Mary; woman C. Lucys and Marys; women D. Lucy and Marys; women ( )8. With whom did you watch 2014 World Cup Opening Ceremony?_.A. A friend of mine B. A friend of me C. A friend of my sister
20、 D. A friend of you ( )9. How far is it from your home to school? Its about twenty _ walk. A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes D. minute ( )10. There is no _ that phones play an important part in modern life. A. question B. problem C. answer D. doubt ( )11. He was born in Italy, but he had made China h
21、is _. A. family B. address C. house D. home ( )12. The customers are pleased with the _ of the restaurant. A. balance B. experience C. surface D. service ( )13. Why didnt Sally play the violin at the concert last night? She said that her hand hurt, but that was only a (n) _. I saw her play tennis ju
22、st now.A. matter B. excuse C. result D. expression( )14. _ it is today!A. What fine weather B. What a fine weatherC. How a fine weather D. How fine a weather( )15. This class _ now. Miss Gao teaches them.A. are studying B. is studying C. be studying D. studying( )16. How many _can you see in the pic
23、ture?Only one.A. dog B. sheep C. child D. cat( )17. Well, you look so happy!Because I got a good _.A. work B. news C. job D. advice( )18. A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _ second.A. / B. the C. a D. an( )19. The operation is _ success and the patient is now out of _ danger.A. a, the B.
24、a, 不填 C. 不填, the D. 不填, 不填( )20. As _ writer, he was _ complete failure.A. a, a B. a, the C. 不填, 不填 D. a, 不填( )21. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _.A. on the Sunday B. on a Sunday C. on Sunday D. at a Sunday( )22. As is known to us all, _ tiger is in _ danger of becoming extinct.A
25、. the, a B. the, 不填 C. a, 不填 D. 不填, the( )23. As we know, England is _ European country and Singapore is _ Asian country.A. an; an B. an; a C. a; a D. a; an( )24. There is _ “o” and _ “x” in “box”.A. a; an B. an; a C. a; a D. an; an( )25. _ Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.A. / B
26、. A C. An D. The( )26. The education of _ young is always _ hot and serious topic.A. /; / B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /( )27. Every year _ Mothers Day is on _ second Sunday in May.A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. /; /( )28. What do you usually have for _ breakfast, Peter?A fried egg, three pieces
27、of bread and a glass of milk.A. a B. an C. the D. /( )29. Sonia, is this your dictionary? Oh, no, its not _. Ask Li Lei. He is looking for _. A. me; hers B. mine; him C. my; her D. mine; his( )30. Come in please, kids. Make _ at home. Thank you, Mrs. White. A. yourselves B. yourself C. yours D. you
28、( )31. We all got wet in the rain because _ of us had an umbrella. A. both B. none C. no one D. neither ( )32. I havent got a digital camera. I think you should buy _. Its useful for you. A. this B. one C. that D. it ( )33. What a cold day! Stella, what would you like, hot coffee or juice? _ is OK.
29、I really dont mind. A. Any B. Neither C. Both D. Either ( )34. What did you buy in the shop the day before yesterday? _. Because _ there isnt good enough. A. Something; nothing B. Anything; something C. Nothing; everything D. Anything; everything ( )35. There is _ with the washing machine. It doesnt
30、 work. A. wrong seriously nothing B. seriously wrong something C. something seriously wrong D. anything seriously wrong ( )36. Could we see each other at 9 oclock tomorrow morning? Sorry, lets make it _ time. A. others B. the other C. another D. other ( )37. Lucy and I are classmates. We _ in Class
31、One. A. all are B. are all C. both are D. are both ( )38. How many students are there in the classroom? _. They are all in the lab. A. Some B. None C. All D. Neither ( )39. Would you like to have _ cake? No, thanks. Ive had two. Thats enough. A. other B. others C. another D. the other 二、填空题40. The y
32、oung man found it difficult to have dinner because some of his _ (牙齿) had been pulled out. 41. It is 100 meters race. = It is a _ race. 42. There is _ woman over there. _ woman is Meimeis mother. 43. He often goes to _ school by _ bike. 44. What _ important news! 45. _ am a monkey. Do you like _? _
33、name is Gugu. This house is _. (I) 46. _ (we) are in Class One. _ (they) are in Class Two. _ (we) classroom is bigger than _ (they). _ (we) often play basketball with _ (they). 【参考答案】 【知识点睛】名词分类：专有名词普通名词：可数名词（个体名词、集体名词）不可数名词（物质名词、抽象名词）名词的数：可数名词（单数、复数规则变化、不规则变化）不可数名词借助计量单位词表示量名词所有格：s（各有各s，共有共s）of双重所有
34、格：n. + of + ns n. + of + 名物代句法功能：作主语、宾语、表语a Chinese Chinese a Japanese Japanese an Englishman Englishmen a Frenchman Frenchmen a German Germans an Indian Indians an American Americans an Australian Australians an Italian Italians an Arab Arabs a Canadian Canadians a European Europeans sports sports
35、clothes clothes man men woman women 单数 apple 不定冠词 定冠词 零冠词 have a cold have a good time do sb. a favor （三）定冠词的用法 前文已经提到过 说话双方都知道的事物 有定语修饰的 the the old the taller the the Greens the all the time at the age of （四）零冠词的用法 D the / / / / the/a in danger on duty/watch 辅音音素 元音音素 A E F H I L M N O R S X a a a
36、n an an an a / an / half an hour what a nice day a very interesting story many a man so nice a girl how nice a film quite a good book rather a useful tool 三、代词 me my mine myself us our ours ourselves you your yours yourself you your yours yourselves him his his himself her her hers herself it its it
37、s itself them their theirs themselves she me her hers mine teach oneself learn by oneself come to oneself by oneself help oneself to sth. enjoy oneself hurt oneself you he/she I we you they I John it it Its it 形式主语 it （二）疑问代词 主语 宾语 who/whom you are talking to 定语 工作/职业 身份 范围 范围 单数 单数第三人称 后面 anyone el
38、se somewhere interesting either both neither any all none 单 就近 a few few a little little B each Every/Each Each 个体 单数 两者 两者 整体 单数 三者 三者 代词 【精讲精练】 1-5：AABCA 6-10：CCABD 11-15：DDBAA 16-20：BCCBA 21-25：BBDDD 26-30：BBDDA 31-35：BBDCC 36-39：CDBC 40. teeth 41. 100-meter 42. a; The 43. /; / 44. / 45. I; me; My; mine 46. We; They; Our; theirs; We; them
