1、三年真题 集中演练,2017：全国、全国、 全国、北京 2016：全国、全国、 全国、北京 2015：全国、全国、北京,专题二 七选五 满分方略 第二步,A (2017全国) If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping，I would have laughed heartily.Campers，in my eyes，were people who enjoyed insect bites，ill-cooked meals，and uncomfortable
2、sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me. 36 答案 D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. 解析 解本题可用关联逻辑法。空格前一句说“他们与我没有共同之处”，空格后一段讲述了作者的一次野营，前后之间存在转折关系，所以此处需要填一个承上启下的转折句，这与D项中的however相呼应。,真题演练(一) 2017,答案,解析,The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a
3、pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning. 答案 C. The trip they too
4、k me on was a rough one. 解析 解本题可用句意判断法。根据后文的描述“我们睡帐篷，在篝火上做饭，走很长的路去洗澡和上厕所”可知，这次野营比较艰难，这与C项中的rough相对应。,答案,解析,I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had
5、 remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 答案 A. This time there was no tent. 解析 解本题可用关联逻辑法。根据后文转折副词Instead后的描述“我们这次有野营车，里面有舒服的床和空调”可知，这次的野营没有帐篷，故选A项。,答案,解析,39 We have done a lot of it since.Recently，we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.T
6、here is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 答案 F. After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. 解析 解本题可用词汇锁定法和句意判断法。根据空格后的代词we可判断所填句子中应含有复数名词，再结合空格后面一句“从那以后我们进行了很多次野营”可判断应选F项“这次野营后，我的家人都对野营相当感兴趣了”。,答案,解析,40 It must
7、 be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style. 答案 E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. 解析 解本题可用设题位置法。根据整篇文章的行文思路来看，此处应填一个总结升华的句子，结合空格后面一句“每个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方式”可判断选E项。,答案,解析,A.This time there was no tent. B.Thi
8、ngs are going to be improved. C.The trip they took me on was a rough one. D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F.After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. G.There was no shade as the trees were no more t
9、han 3 feet tall. 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者由不喜欢野营到喜欢上野营的过程。作者认为每个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方式，呼吁大家寻找与大自然相处的方式。,语篇解读,B (2017全国) Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done. 36 ，there are several ways to handle things.Lets take a look at them now. 答案 B. When you want to avo
10、id interruptions at work 解析 解本题可用关联逻辑法。空格后说“有几种方法来处理这些情况”，B项“当你想在工作中避免受到打扰时”与上下文衔接紧密，故为答案。,答案,解析,37 .Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time. 答案 A. If youre busy，dont feel bad about saying no 解析 解本题可用设题位
11、置法。设空处位于段首，根据后文提到的“告诉对方你很抱歉、向对方解释你有很多事情要做以及另约时间”可知，本段讲述的是：在自己很忙的时候不要不好意思拒绝，故选A项。,答案,解析,When people try to interrupt you，have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that youll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions. 答案 E. Its important that
12、 you let them know when youll be available 解析 解本题可用关联逻辑法。空格前说“当人们试图打扰你时，你要确定好时间，让他们知道什么时候回来找你或者你去找他们”，空格后说“这样做能帮你消除将来受到打扰的可能”，E项“让他们知道你什么时候有空非常重要”与上下文衔接紧密，故为答案。,答案,解析,When you need to talk to someone，dont do it in your own office. 39 ，its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than
13、if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are. 答案 D. If youre in the other persons office or in a public area 解析 解本题可用词汇锁定法。空格前的in your own office与D项中的in the other persons office相对应。D项“如果你在别人的办公室或者公共区域”与空格后的内容衔接紧密，故为答案。,答案,解析,If you have a door to your office，mak
14、e good use of it. 40 .If someone knocks and its not an important matter，excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示) that when the door is closed，youre not to be disturbed. 答案 G. Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not 解析 解本题可用句意判断法。根
15、据空格前的“如果你的办公室有门，那么就好好利用它”可知，本段主要讲述如何利用办公室的门来避免受到打扰，故选G项。,答案,解析,A.If youre busy，dont feel bad about saying no B.When you want to avoid interruptions at work C.Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes D.If youre in the other persons office or in a public area E.Its important that you let t
16、hem know when youll be available F.It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G.Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何在工作中避免受到打扰提出了几点建议。,语篇解读,C (2017全国) Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame
17、on the alarm clock.In fact，the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 36 Heres how to make one. 答案 C. A better plan for sleep can help. 解析 解本题可利用句意判断法。空前提到要调整身体的生物钟，那么如何调整呢？空后的“Heres how to make one.”中one又指什么呢？浏览各选项，只有C项“一个更好的睡眠计划会有所帮助”符合上下文语境。,答案,解析, 37 In order to make a ch
18、ange，you need to decide why its important.Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family，get in some exercise，or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons，tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make. 答案 B. Find the right motivat
19、ion. 解析 解本题可利用设题位置法。显然，该空应填本段的主题句。由本段中的“为了作出改变，你需要决定为什么它很重要”及“一旦你清楚了自己的理由”等描述可知，你要想清楚为什么要早起，故选B项“找到合适的动机”。,答案,解析,Rethink mornings.Now that you know why you want to wake up，consider re-arranging your morning activities.If you want time to have breakfast with your family，save some time the night befor
20、e by setting out clothes，shoes，and bags. 38 Thats a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer. 答案 G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the caf to get coffee. 解析 解本题可利用词汇锁定法。由空后的bought a coffee maker可锁定G项“重新考虑你用在咖啡馆排队买咖啡的15分钟”。,答案,解析,Keep your slee
21、p/wake schedule on weekends.If youre tired out by Friday night，sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful.But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week，a recent study found. 39 答案 F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time，no matter the day. 解析 解本题可利用句
22、意判断法。由本段首句可知本段主题是“在周末要坚持(执行)你的睡觉和起床时间表”，与此主题符合的只有F项“坚持你设定的就寝和起床时间，不管是哪天”。,答案,解析,Keep a record and evaluate it weekly.Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel.After youve tried a new method for a week，take a look at your record. 40 If not，take another look at other methods you could try
23、. 答案 E. If the steps you take are working，keep it up. 解析 解本题可利用关联逻辑法。本段讲的是每周要记录并评价你的计划，如果有效，就继续坚持，如果无效，就看看其他你可以尝试的方法。由空后的If not也可直接锁定E项。,答案,解析,A.Get a sleep specialist. B.Find the right motivation. C.A better plan for sleep can help. D.And consider setting a second alarm. E.If the steps you take are
24、 working，keep it up. F.Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time，no matter the day. G.Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the caf to get coffee. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。很多人觉得早上起床很困难并将其归咎于闹钟。其实，要想早上轻松起床，关键是要调整自己身体的生物钟。具体如何做呢？作者给出了一些锦囊妙计！,语篇解读,D (2017北京) Every animal sleeps，but the reason for this h
25、as remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep，they die within a month. 71 答案 C. Similarly，when people go for a few days without sleeping，they get sick. 解析 解本题可利用关联逻辑法。首句指出每种动物都要睡觉，但原因仍然是个谜。接下来是具体例证，如实验室的老鼠被剥夺了睡眠，一个月内就会死亡，而同样，人类如果连续几天不睡觉，就会生病，故选C项。,答案,解析,One idea is that sleep helps us str
26、engthen new memories. 72 We know that，while awake，fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing(加强) connections between brain cells，but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. 答案 E. Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. 解析 解本题
27、可利用句意判断法。该段首句提出了第一个假设：睡眠帮助我们巩固新的记忆。与这个论点相呼应的例子是E项，该项中的that指代的就是前面的假设，也就是说，这个假设能够解释为什么学生如果能在学习之后睡觉休息，就会在考试中发挥得更好。,答案,解析,Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight，making room for fresh memories to form the next da
28、y. 73 答案 F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning，” says Giulio Tononi，who developed the idea. 解析 解本题可利用词汇锁定法。由下段首句中的代词he可知，该空中必然包含一个人名，否则he就失去了所指对象，浏览各选项，可锁定F项和G项，但只有F项能与本段的内容衔接，也就是说，睡眠会帮助消除记忆，为新记忆腾出空间。按照研究人员Tononi的说法，“睡眠是我们为学习付出的代价”。,答案,解析,Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is righ
29、t. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep，showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping. 答案 G. Tononis team measured the size of these connections，or synapses，in the brains of 12 mice. 解析 解本题可利用句意判
30、断法。该段首句说“现在我们有最直接的证据证明他的假设是对的”，那接下来应该是具体描述该证据。此外，该空后面一句话解释了实验的结果和意义。综合看来，只有G项符合语境，指出了研究团队、实验对象及实验内容。,答案,解析,If Tononis theory is right，it would explain why，when we miss a nights sleep，we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new informationour brains may have smaller room for new exper
31、iences. Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner.The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters，” Tononi says. 答案 B. Its as if the brain is preserving its most imp
32、ortant memories. 解析 解本题可利用句意判断法。由空后的“You keep what matters(你记住要紧的事情)”可锁定B项“似乎大脑在保存它最重要的记忆”。,答案,解析,A.We should also try to sleep well the night before. B.Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories. C.Similarly，when people go for a few days without sleeping，they get sick. D.The proc
33、esses take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories. E.Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. F.“Sleep is the price we pay for learning，” says Giulio Tononi，who developed the idea. G.Tononis team measured the size of these connections，or synapses，in the brains of 12 mice.,语篇解读,语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了动物睡眠的原因，提出了两种假设：“帮助巩固新的记忆”和“为明天的全新记忆腾出空间”。其中，后一种假设得到了实验支持，为越来越多的人所认可。,本课结束,
