1、Unit Eleven,. 重点词汇必背 每个单元20个，其中重点单词15个，重点短语5个。. 核心词汇运用 从本单元的重点词汇中选出核心单词7个和核心短语3个进行了精讲。. 语法突破 对高考的各语法知识点进行精讲，并对该考点进行分析和训练。 或. 题型突破 对高考中的题型的进行分析，对它的解法进行归纳，并对该题型进行针对性训练。. 作文模板必背 针对高考各话题列出模板，供考生记忆。 另配有【冲刺练】单元综合练习 是对命题的一种预测和对高考试题的提前演练。,一、重点单词 1. crash kr v. 碰撞，撞击；坠毁 n. 撞击声；瓦解 2. create kri(:)eit v. 创造；造成
2、；产生 3. crime kraim n.（法律上的）罪，犯罪 4. culture klt n. 文化 5. curious kjuris adj. 好奇的；奇妙的；不寻常的 6. custom kstm n. 习惯，习俗，风俗习惯 7. customer kstm n.（商店）顾客，主顾 8. damage dmid v. 毁坏，损害 n. 损坏；损害；损失 9. dangerous deindrs adj. 危险的；有危害的；充满风险的 10. data deit n. 资料，数据 （单数datum） 11. death de n. 死，死亡；消亡，毁灭 12. debate dibei
3、t v. 讨论；争论；辩论 n. 争论，辩论 13. declare dikl v. 宣言；宣布；声明；断言；申报 14. decorate dekreit v. 装饰；修饰；给授勋 15. decrease dikri:s v. 减少，减小，降低，减弱二、重点短语 16. bring up 提出，提到，抚养，培养，急停 17. burn down 烧成平地，烧光 18. burst into laughter 突然大笑起来 19. burst out crying 突然哭起来 20. call at/on sb. 拜访某人,构词 cultural adj. 文化的 用法 man of cul
4、ture 有教养的人western culture 西方文化 例句 Universities are centres of culture. 大学是文化中心。 操练 根据句子要求，完成句子。(1) 我们有灿烂的民族文化。We have a splendid national _.(2) 工人们的文化生活丰富多彩。The workers enjoy a full and varied _ life.(3) 这些都是非常珍贵的文物。All these are valuable _ relics. Keys: (1) culture (2) cultural (3) cultural,一、重点单词
5、1. culture n. 文化,2. curious adj. 好奇的；奇妙的；不寻常的,构词 curiosity n. 好奇心；好奇；稀奇的人或物 用法 be curious about 对感到好奇的 例句 The boy was curious about everything he saw. 那男孩对所见的一切都感到好奇。 操练 根据句子要求，完成句子。(1) 我听到隔壁房间里有奇怪的响声。I heard a _ sound from the next room. (2) 好奇是儿童的天性。_ is part of the childrens nature. (3) 真奇怪，她不辞而别
6、了。Its _ that she left without saying good-bye. Keys: (1) curious (2) Curiosity (3) curious,3. custom n. 习惯，习俗，风俗习惯,构词 customer n. 顾客，主顾 customs n. 海关 用法 social custom 社会风俗observe a custom 遵守一种风俗customs duty 海关税 例句 Custom is sometimes considered as important as law.有时，风俗被认为和法律同等重要。 操练 根据句子要求，完成句子。(1)
7、 这是民间的一种旧风俗。This is an old _ among the natives.(2) 这些货物免征关税。These goods are exempt from _ duties.(3) 他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。He instructed me to deliver it to a _. Keys: (1) custom (2) customs (3) customer,4. dangerous adj. 危险的；有危害的；充满风险的,构词 danger n. 危险，风险 in danger 处在危险中 out of danger 脱险 用法 be dangerous to/f
8、or sb. 对有危险 It is dangerous to do sth.做是很危险的 例句 I think it is dangerous to be a miner.我认为当矿工是很危险的。 操练 根据句子要求，完成句子。(1) 受伤的警察已经脱离危险。The wounded policeman is now _. (2) 在湖中薄冰上行走是很危险的。It is _ to walk on thin ice in a lake. (3) 他有失去生命的危险。He was _ of losing his life. Keys: (1) out of danger (2) dangerous
9、(3) in danger,5. death de n. 死，死亡；消亡，毁灭,构词 die v. 死；消失 dead adj.死的 deadly adj.致命的 用法 die away 渐渐消失 die down 渐渐平息die out 灭绝die of/from 因而死 例句 His death means a great loss to China. 他的死是中国的重大损失。 操练 根据句子要求，完成句子。(1) 他已死了两年。He has been _ for two years. (2) 癌症是一种致命的疾病。Cancer is a _ disease. (3) 现在有很多人死于癌症
10、。Nowadays many people _ cancer. (4) 幼苗被冻死了。The seedling was frozen _. Keys: (1) dead (2) deadly (3) die of (4)to death,6. declare dikl v. 宣言；宣布；声明；申报,构词 declaration n. 宣言；宣布；申报 用法 declare war on a country 向某国宣战 declare against 宣称或声明反对 例句 I now declare this meeting open. 我现在宣布会议开幕。 操练 根据句子要求，完成句子。(1)
11、 英国在1914年向德国宣战。Britain _ on Germany in 1914. (2) 人民宣布反对这场战争。The people _ the war. (3) 他声称自己是无罪的。He _ he was innocent. Keys: (1) declared war (2) declare against (3) declared (that),7. decrease dikri:s v.& n. 减少，减小，降低，减弱,构词 increase n.&v. 增加，增长，提高 用法 decrease by减少decrease in number 数目减少 decrease to 减
12、少到 例句 There has been a steady decrease in population in this city.这个城市的人口在持续下降。 操练 根据句子要求，完成句子。(1) 他们设法降低5%的成本。They tried to _ the costs _ five percent. (2) 博览群书会增加你的词汇量。Wide reading will _ your vocabulary. Keys: (1)decrease, by (2) increase,二、重点短语,比较 be burnt to the ground 焚为平地 例句 A number of house
13、s were burnt down in the fire.在火灾中，好些房子给烧毁了。 操练 填入适当的词组使句子完整。(1) 这座城市被敌人烧毁了。The city was _ by the enemy.(2) 随着炉火逐渐减弱，房间越来越冷。The room grew colder as the fire _.(3) 这所房子已焚为平地。The house _ the ground. Keys: (1) burnt down (2) burnt down (3)was burnt to,8. burn down 烧成平地，烧光,9. burst into laughter 突然大笑起来
14、=burst out laughing 突然大笑起来,比较 burst into+n. = burst out +doing 突然 例句 He burst out crying like a child. 他像孩子一样突然哭起来。 操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。(1) 她听到那个笑话突然哈哈大笑起来 。She _ at the joke. (2) 我太太听到这个坏消息就哭了起来。My wife _ when she heard the bad news. Keys: (1) burst out laughing/ burst into laughter (2) burst out crying
15、 /burst into tears,10. call at/on sb. 拜访某人,比较 call at+ 地点 在拜访某人 call on+sb. 拜访某人 =pay sb. a visit 例句 Im going to call on one of my former classmates. 我要去看望我的一位老同学。 操练 填入适当的词组使句子完整。(1) 明天我将要去拜访他。Tomorrow Ill _ him. (2) 我们的新朋友上周曾来我们家拜访。Our new friends _ our house last week. Keys: (1) call on (2) calle
16、d at,一、动词时态,2018/8/16,2018/8/16,2018/8/16,2018/8/16,2018/8/16,2018/8/16,2018/8/16,二、动词的第三人称单数的变化(与名词复数的规则变化一致),2018/8/16,三、动词的过去式和过去分词的变化,2018/8/16,四、动词的现在分词的变化,【动词时态高考考点分析】,下面是近几年高考题对动词时态的考查。通过题目，我们来分析一下动词时态的用法和考点主要分布情况。1.（2012广东卷）. He walked in as if he 17 (buy) the school, and the word quickly go
17、t around that he was from New York City. 【分析】 had bought。本题考查了动词时态在虚拟语气中的运用。as if引导一个虚拟语气的从句，用过去完成时。填had bought。 2.（2013广东卷）Suddenly, he 16 (find) that he had run out of salt. 【分析】 found。本题考查了动词时态。句子缺谓语动词，填found。3.（2014全国卷II）A boy on a bike 65 (catch) my attention. 【分析】caught。本题考查了动词时态。句子缺谓语动词，填caug
18、ht。4.（2014全国卷I）It 61 （be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 【分析】was。本题考查了动词时态。主句缺谓语动词，填was。,【动词时态高考考点分析】,5.（2015全国卷II）This cycle 68 (go) day after day: the walls warm up. 【分析】goes。本题考查了动词时态。主句缺谓语动词，时态后面的warm保持一致，是一般现在时，填goes。6.（2015全国卷I）It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangsh
19、uo just before dawn. 【分析】arrived。本题考查了动词时态。从句缺谓语动词，when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时，故填arrived。7.（2015全国卷I）Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful.【分析】is。本题考查了动词时态。句子缺谓语动词，而文章的时态是一般现在时，故填is。 8.(2017全国卷)Later,engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道),which became known to t
20、he tube. 【分析】 68.managed。考动词时态。全文都用过去时态,故用managed。,2018/8/16,要重视常用的高考考纲上要求的10种时态的学习,注意各种时态的使用条件和形式。不管是在语法填空、改错题中,还是在写作中,都要能准确运用各种时态。,【动词时态高考考点分析】,【动词时态同步练习】,一、单项选择 ( )1.Our teacher told us that the sun in the east. A.rises B.rise C.has risen D.had risen A (“太阳从东边升起”表示客观事实,用一般现在时。) ( )2.When I saw Je
21、nny,she the violin. A.is playing B.playsC.was playing D.played C (when引导的从句表示一个短暂的时间点,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时。) ( )3.My family the Summer Palace three times. A.have gone to B.have been toC.have been in D.has gone to B (“我家曾经去过颐和园三次。”have been to表示“曾经去过”。),2018/8/16,【动词时态同步练习】,( )4.An old friend of min
22、e to see me.Shell be here soon. A.comes B.is comingC.had come D.came B (come用现在进行时,可表示预计即将发生的动作。) ( )5.Im sorry,sir.Your car isnt ready yet.It in the garage. A.is being repaired B.is repairedC.has been repaired D.hasnt repaired A (题中“Your car isnt ready yet.”可知车现在还没修好,说明正在被修。因此该用进行时的被动结构be being don
23、e。) ( )6.By this time next year we from the college. A.will be graduating B.should be graduating C.will have graduatedD.is graduating C (“by+将来时间”表示在将来某一时间前已完成的动作。因此用将来完成时will have done。),2018/8/16,【动词时态同步练习】,( )7.I dont know when his sister ,but when she ,Ill phone you. A.will come; comes B.comes;
24、will comeC.comes; comesD.will come; will come A (前句“我不知道他妹妹什么时候会来”,可知come属于还没发生的动作,用一般将来时。后句中when(当时候)引导的从句中,用一般现在时表示将来的意义。) ( )8.Mr.Green isnt here.He the library. He back in half an hour. A.went to;is coming B.is going to;has comeC.has been to;will beD.has gone to;will come D (根据题意“Mr.Green不在这里”,说
25、明“他去了图书馆”(还没回来), has gone to表示“去了”;后面in half an hour表示将来时间,因此come该用一般将来时。),2018/8/16,【动词时态同步练习】,二、语法填空:用适当的时态填空。1.I (do) my homework when suddenly the light went out. was doing (when引导的从句表示一个短暂的时间点,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时。)2.Tom (be) late for school this morning. was (从题目中“this morning”表示过去某个时间。因此谓语该用
26、一般过去时。)3.My brother (listen) to music now. is listening (从题中“now”,可知动词表示现在正在发生的动作。因此用现在进行时。)4.We (go) over our lessons when our English teacher leaves for Beijing tomorrow. will be going (根据题意,“当我们英语老师明天离开北京的时候,我们将正在复习功课”,所填动词表示在将来某时刻正在进行的动作,因此用将来进行时结构will be doing。),2018/8/16,【动词时态同步练习】,5.The bus (
27、leave) before we got to the bus stop.We had to wait for the next one. had left (从题中后句“我们不得不要等待下一班车”,可知我们没有赶到车。所以“在我们到达车站前公交车已经离开了”。leave的动作应该比got to the bus station早发生,因此该用过去完成时。)6.I (write) a grammar book for the whole year,but Ive not finished it yet. have been writing (题中for the whole year表示一段时间,
28、动作表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作,且还正在进行中,因此该用现在完成进行时。)7.We (watch) TV at that moment last night. were watching (过去某个具体时刻在做某事,用过去进行时态。)8.Susan (get) up early every morning. gets (every morning每天早上,表经常性的动作,用一般现在时态。主语是第三人称单数,所以动词要加s或es。),2018/8/16,9.If it (rain) tomorrow,we wont go camping. rains (在条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从
29、句用一般现在时态代替一般将来时。)10.Great changes (take) place in my hometown since I left in 2000. have taken (since引导的时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时态。),【动词时态同步练习】,高考话题：通知 NOTICEIn order to help students know more about computers, we have invited Professor Li from from Beijing University to give us a lecture on Sunday, December
30、14th. Professor Li will give us a talk on the use of computer and how to learn through the Internet.The lecture begins at 3 oclock in the afternoon in Room 1101 of the teaching Building. Whoever loves it is welcome to attend it. Of course you can come together with your friends.Please come with your questions on computer learning. Professor Li will leave you time for questions.Dont forget to be on time.（100 words）Students Union,
