1、第 9 讲 特殊句式与主谓一致1The publication of Great Expectations,which_both widely reviewed and highly praised,strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.(2017江苏,24)Ais Bare Cwas Dwere答案 C解析 考查时态和主谓一致。句意为:远大前程这部小说的出版发行受到了广泛评论和高度赞扬,这巩固了狄更斯作为顶 尖小说家的地位。空格 处与后面的 reviewed 和 praised 一起构成定语从句的谓语,根据主句谓语 strengt
2、hened 判断这里用一般过去时;定语从句的关系词which 指代主句的“the publication of Great Expectations”,主语核心词是 publication,故 be 动词用 was。因此选 C。2Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming,_ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.(2017天津,6)Aregard Bis regardedCare regarded Dregards答案 B解析 考查主谓一致和语态。句意为:如今,骑行与慢跑、游泳一起被
3、认为是最全面的运动方式之一。当主语后面接由 along with 引起的短语时, 谓语动词应和主语(cycling)保持一致,排除 A、C 两项;cycling 与 regard 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,排除 D 项。故选 B 项。3It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.(2017天津,11)Awho BwhereCwhich Dthat答案 D解析 考查强调句型的判定。句意为:正是当我回到公寓时,我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。强调句的判断方法是将 It is/was
4、与 that/who 去掉,然后看剩余的部分是不是一个成分完整的句子。经判断, “When I got back to my apartment,I first came across my new neighbors.”句子成分完整,由此可断定本句是强调句,并且 强调的是时间 状语,故空格处应用 that。4Not until recently _ the development of tourists-related activities in the rural areas.(2016江苏,34)Athey had encouraged Bhad they encouraged Cdid
5、 they encourage Dthey encouraged答案 C解析 考查倒装句。句意为:直到最近他 们才鼓励农村地区 发展与旅游相关的活动。根据句首的 Not until 可知,本句要用部分倒装形式,先排除 A、D 两项;encourage 表示的动作已经发生,故用一般过去时。5You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists.(2016天津,13)Awho Bwhich Cwhere Dthat答案 D解析 考查强调句型的判定。句意为:你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆
6、接的游客。强调句的判断方法是将 It is/was 与 that/who 去掉后,句子意思依然清楚, 结构依然完整。 经判断,“The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.”句子成分完整,句意明确,故本句是强调句。因 强调的内容是地点,故空格处应填 that。6Only when Lily walked into the office _ that she had left the contract at home.(2015天津,3)Ashe realized Bhas she realized Cshe has realized Ddid she re
7、alize答案 D解析 考查倒装及时态。句意 为:直到莉莉走进办公室时,她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。“only状语从句”位于句首表示 强调时,主句要用部分倒装。根据时间状语“when Lily walked into the office”可知要用一般 过去时。故答案 为 D。7Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.(2015重庆,9)Awhile BthoughCthat Dafter答案 C解析 考查强调句。句意为:巴赫于
8、1750 年去世,但是他的音乐才能一直到 19 世纪早期才完全被认可。本句是一个强调句型,其基本结构是:It is/was被强调部分that其他,本句被强调部分是 not until the early 19th century。故选 C。8If _ for the job,youll be informed soon.(2015北京, 31)Ato accept BacceptCaccepting Daccepted答案 D解析 考查省略句。句意为:如果你被 录用做这份工作的话 ,你将会很快得到通知。本题中 if之后省略了主语和 be 动词,补充完整为:If you are accepted
9、 for the job,所以选 D。9It is important to remember that success _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years of achieve.(2015湖南,27)Ais;takes Bare;takesCare;take Dis;take答案 A解析 考查主谓一致。句意为 :成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的 总和,它常常需要很多年的时间才能实现,记住这些很重要。此处 success 是不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。故选 A 项。10Always _ in mind th
10、at your main task is to get this company running smoothly.(2015湖南,31)Ato keep Bto have keptCkeep Dhave kept答案 C解析 考查祈使句。句意为:一直要 记住:你的主要任务是使 这家公司运转顺利。祈使句一般以动词原形开头,故用 keep。keep in mind 记住,是固定搭配。11No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.(2014陕西,17)Ahad Mo Yan B
11、Mo Yan hadChas Mo Yan DMo Yan has答案 A解析 考查倒装及时态。no sooner had sb.done.than.引导时间状语从句,且当 no sooner 位于主句句首时,主句用部分倒装,即将主句中的助动词、系动词或情态动词提到其主语前,排除B、D 两项;由从句时态可知用 过去完成时,助 动词 had 提前。故选 A。12It was the culture,rather than the language,_ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014福建, 29)A
12、where BwhyCthat Dwhat答案 C解析 考查强调句。句意为:是 风俗文化而不是语言,使他很难适应国外的新环境。这里强调主语部分 the culture,rather than the language,所以用 that 引导。故选 C。13Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr Smith got angry?(2014 四川,3)Awhy BwhoCwhere Dthat答案 D解析 考查强调句。句意为:是不是因 为 Jack 上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的?此题考查的是强调句的一般疑问句,所强调 的是主句的原因状语从句 bec
13、ause Jack came late for school,故选 that。14_ me tomorrow and Ill let you know the lab result.(2014大纲全国,33)ACalling BCallCTo call DHaving called答案 B解析 考查祈使句。句意为:明天 给我打电话,我会 让你知道 实验结果的。分析句子结构可知,此处是“祈使句and简单句”这一固定句式结构。故 B 项正确。15All we need _ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit
14、 trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.(2014湖南,32)Aare BwasCis Dwere答案 C解析 考查主谓一致和动词的时态。根据表 语 a small piece of land 可知谓语用单数,且根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时,故 选 C。16I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay,_ you?(2014重庆,10)Amustn t BhaventC
15、didnt Dhadnt答案 C解析 考查反意疑问句。答语 句意为:那你在伦敦逗留期间 肯定去看过大英博物馆, 对吗?must have done 在句中表示对过 去事实的推测,当句末有反意疑问的语气时,可分为两种情况:(1)句中没有明确的过去时间状语时,反意疑问句结构为“havent/hasn t.?” ;(2)句中有明确的过去时间状语时,结构为 “didnt.?” 。题中 last summer 表示的是一个确定的过去时间,故 C 项正确。17 “Never for a second, ” the boy says, “_that my father would come to my re
16、scue.”(2013江苏,27)AI doubted Bdo I doubtCI have doubted Ddid I doubt答案 D 解析 句意为:这个男孩说:“ 我从不怀疑我父亲会来救我。 ”当否定副词或具有否定含义的短语置于句首时,句子常用部分倒装。故本题要用部分倒装。再根据 would come to.可知,是在讲过去发生的事,故用过去时 。18At no time_the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.(2013辽宁,26)Athey actually brokeBdo they actually breakCd
17、id they actually breakDthey had actually broken答案 C解析 考查倒装句型。at no time 为介词短语,当其位于句首时,句子应该用部分倒装,根据第二个句子可知时态为过去时。故 选 C。19The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police_.(2013新课标全国,28)Anot to do Bnot toCnot do Ddo not答案 B解析 考查不定式的否定及省略。句意为:司机想把车停在路边,但是警察提醒他不可以。句中 by th
18、e police 为干扰部分,可以去掉,句式 为 ask sb.to do sth.的被动语态的否定形式。A 选项后加 it 也正确。20Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others _ essential to their development.(2013江苏, 21)Ais Bare Cwas Dwere答案 A 解析 考查时态与主谓一致。句意为:一般来说,来自别人较高的期望值与学生内在的驱动力对他们的发展至关重要。分析句子 结构可知, 该句的主语部分 为 students inner mo
19、tivation with high expectations from others,中心词 inner motivation 为第三人称单数。该题说的是普遍现象,故用一般现在时。1在复习复合句的倒装时,要注意分清倒装主句还是倒装从句。一般来说要倒装主句,从句倒装包括两种情形:一是 as 引导的让步状语从句;二是 if 虚拟条件句。在 if 虚拟条件句中,如果从句中含有 should, were 或 had,可把 if 省去,把 should,were 或 had 提到主语前构成倒装。Child as he is,he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子,但他懂得很多。Had I kno
20、wn her telephone number,I would have rung her up.如果我知道她的电话号码,我早就打电话给她了。2在 not only.but also.;hardly.when.;no sooner.than.结构中,前半部分倒装而后半部分不倒装。Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来了。3强调句型 It is/was.that/who.结构中,it 是引导词,本身没有词义,仅起连接作用。It was not until a few months later that he kn
21、ew the story.直到几个月后,他才知道这故事。4当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为 it,且从句谓语动词为 be 时,可以省略从句的主语和 be。Be careful while (you are) crossing the street.过街时要小心。If (it is) possible,he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮助你摆脱困境。5由 with,along with,together with,like ,but,except,besides,as well as,rather than,inclu
22、ding,in addition to 等连接的并列名词作主语,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于前面的名词。He as well as I is responsible for it.不但是我,他对这件事也有责任。6 “so助动词/系动词/情态动词主语”表示前面提到的肯定的情况也适合后者; “so主语助动词/系动词/情态动词”表示“的确如此” 。He has been to China,so have we.他去过中国,我们也去过。He works hard.So he does.他工作努力。他确实是这样。7 “only状语(从句)”位于句首时句子要用部分倒装;“only主语”位于句首时句子不倒装。
23、Only in this way can the experiment succeed.惟有这样做,试验才能成功。Only his father was right.只有他的父亲是对的。8在以地点副词 here,there 开头的倒装句中,如果句子的主语是人称代词,主语和谓语不需要倒装。比较:Here he comes.他来了。Here comes the teacher.老师来了。9由 and 连接的两个并列成分作主语,谓语动词通常用复数;但当 and 连接的两个词语指同一人、同一事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。The secretary and manager was present at
24、 the meeting.书记兼经理出席了会议。The secretary and the manager were present at the meeting.书记和经理出席了会议。10强调句与其他句型的结合考查,如与定语从句、not.until.句型的结合考查。It was in this factory where his father once worked that he found a job.他在父亲曾经工作过的工厂找到了一份工作。It was not until he got seriously ill that he knew the importance of healt
25、h.直到他生了重病,才知道健康的重要性。11介词 but 的前面有 do 时,后面的不定式省略 to。即前有 do,后无 to。We could do nothing but wait here.我们除了在这儿等,什么也不能干。12一些集合名词如 audience,committee,family,class,group ,team 等,如果指整体意义,谓语动词用单数;如果指具体的成员,谓语动词用复数。The committee is to deal with this matter.委员会要处理这起事件。The committee are divided in opinion.委员们意见不一
26、致。13 “many a单数名词”和“more than one单数名词”是复数意义,但谓语动词用单数。Many a boy likes playing basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球。More than one student is in favor of the plan.许多学生支持这一计划。1It is not so much the language _ the cultural background _ makes the film difficult to understand.(2017仪征中学检测, 28)Athat;as Bwhat;asCas;that Das
27、;what答案 C解析 考查强调句。句意为:与其 说是语言倒不如说是文化背景使得 电影难以理解。 not so much.as.为固定短 语,意为“与其说倒不如说” 。第二空的 that 和句首的 it is 构成强调句型,强调句子的主语。2At the back of the old temple _ twelve huge stone statues together with _ pagoda.(2017亭湖 检测,21)Adoes stand ;a 8-storeyedBdo stand;a 8-storyCstands;an 8-storeyDstand;an 8-storey答案
28、D解析 考查倒装句。句意为:在古 庙的后面有 12 个巨大的石像 还有一个八层的佛塔。 这句话是地点状语提前的倒装句,用完全倒装,谓语提前,因为主语是 twelve huge stone statues together with _ pagoda,together with 连接两个主 语时,谓语和前面的主语保持一致,故这里谓语用复数;第二空是复合形容词,8-storey 以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词 an。故选D 项。3Only after we value growth enough to start enlarging ourselves _ through a strong barr
29、ier.(2017镇江期中,34)Awe have broken Bdid we breakChave we broken Dwe broke答案 C解析 考查倒装句。句意为:只有在我 们充分重视增长来扩 大自我之后,我 们才算突破了一个强大的障碍。 “only状语/状语从句”位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装,故排除 A、D 两项;根据从句的时态是一般现在时可知,此 处主句要用现在完成 时。故 选 C 项。4Have you got any plans for the New Years Day Holiday?Yes._ possible,I m going to travel in Beiji
30、ng.(2017苏北四市调研, 29)AThough BUnlessCWhile DIf答案 D解析 考查状语从句的省略。句意 为:你已经有元旦假期的 计划了吗?是的。如果有可能的话,我打算去北京旅游。分析句子成分可知,本题为状语从句的省略结构。根据句意可知 If possible 符合。 If possibleIf it is possible 表示“如果有可能 ”。5I dont think he could have held an important job in government a few years ago,_?(2017盐城景山中学调研,35)Adid he Bdo ICc
31、ould he Dhas he答案 A解析 考查反意疑问句。句意 为:我认为几年前他不可能在政府里担任重要的工作,是吗?当主句是 I think/believe/suppose/imagine 等时,其后的反意疑问句要反问从句,且从句中的could have done 是表示对过去情况的推 测。故答案 为 A。6Could it be in the restaurant _ we had a dinner last night _ you left your key?(2017盐城景山中学调研,22)Athat;where Bin which;whereCwhere;that Dwhere;w
32、here答案 C解析 考查强调句型和定语从句。句意 为:你会不会是在我 们昨晚吃饭的那个饭店里丢了你的钥匙?第一空 where 引导定语从句,修 饰 restaurant;第二空为强调句型,强调地点状语 in the restaurant。7Tony always works out development schemes faster than others.Is it _ he graduated from a top university _ counts?(2017 盐城中学月考,34)Abecause;that Bthat ;whichCthat;that Dwhy ;what答案
33、C解析 考 查 主 语 从 句 和 强 调 句 。句 意 为 :托 尼 制 定 发 展 规 划 总 是 比 别 人 快 。难 道 和 他 毕 业 于 一所 顶 尖 的 大 学 有 关 吗 ? 此 处 为 强 调 句 ,强 调 主 语 ,而 主 语 是 that 引 导 的 主 语 从 句 。故 选 C 项 。8_ more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots.(2017盐城中学月考,33)AScattered around the globe areBScat
34、tering are around the globeCAre around the globe scatteredDAre scattered around the globe答案 A解析 考 查 倒 装 句 。句 意 为 :地 球 上 散 落 分 布 着 100 多 个 小 而 离 散 的 火 山 活 跃 区 ,地 质 学 家 称之 为 “热 点 ”。正 常 语 序 是 More than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots are scattered around
35、 the globe.表 语 提 前 ,把 系 动 词 提 到 主 语 前 面 构 成 倒 装 。9He doesnt own an NBA championship ring,_ in the face with champagne(香槟) after the NBA finals.(2017宿迁青 华中学月考,32)Ahe has neither been sprayedBnor has he been sprayedCeither has he been sprayedDso he has been sprayed答案 B解析 考查倒装句。句意为:他没有自己的 NBA 总冠军戒指,也没有
36、在 NBA 总决赛后被香槟酒喷到脸上。not.nor.既不也不,否定 词置于句首时,句子要用倒装 结构。故选 B项。10Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus,_?(2017 启东中学月考, 29)Ahadnt you Bwouldnt youCarent I Ddidnt she答案 B解析 考查反意疑问句。句意 为:我确定你宁愿让她坐公交 车去学校,是不是?此 处考查的是 Im sure 引导的从句的反意疑 问句,应该是与后面的从句保持一致;在从句中涉及到了would rather 的虚 拟语气的使用,但并不影响反意疑问句的生成,故用 w
37、ouldnt you 即可。故选 B 项。11How was the televised debate last night?Super!Rarely _ so much media attention.(2017启东中学月考, 23)Aa debate attracted Bdid a debate attractCa debate did attract Dattracted a debate答案 B解析 考查倒装句。否定副词 rarely 表示“很少地,罕有地”位于句首时后面的句子要用部分倒装,即“助动词主语 动词”的形式。故 选 B 项。12_ that otherwise succe
38、ssful people and companies dont break through to the next level?I think they are too content with themselves to move on.(2017南京学情调研,29)AHow it is BHow is itCWhat it is DWhat is it答案 B解析 考查强调句。句意为: 原本可能成功的人和公司 为何没能突破到下一个层次?我想他们太自满而无法进步。分析句子成分可知,本题为强调句的特殊疑问句形式。强调句型的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词is/wasitthat.。根据句意可知 How
39、is it 符合。13Anne lost her wallet and Mother wasnt surprised that _ as she was too careless.(2017镇江一模,34)Ashe was so Bso was sheCso did she Dshe did so答案 D解析 考查省略句。句意为:Anne 丢了钱包,但是她妈妈对此一点都不感到惊讶,因为她太粗心了。she did so 相当于 she lost her wallet,为了避免重复,用此结构。故 选 D 项。14Years may wrinkle the skin,but it is to giv
40、e up enthusiasm _ wrinkles the soul.(2017苏锡常镇四市一模,29)Awho BwhichCthat Dwhen答案 C解析 考查强调句。句意为:岁 月流逝只令容颜苍老,但是激情不再却能使心灵枯萎。 强调句型:It is/was被 强调部分that其余部分。本句 对主语 to give up enthusiasm 进行了强调。故选 C 项。15How impressive Johns painting is!Actually,it was 2 years after he retired _ he started to learn drawing.(201
41、7苏北六市联考,31)Abefore BsinceCuntil Dthat答案 D解析 考查强调句。句意为: John 的画给人的印象好深刻啊! 事实上,他退休两年后才开始学画画的。根据句子结 构可知,此句 为强调句,被强调部分为时间状语 2 years after he retired。故 选 D 项。16As a common sense,childrens involvement in social activities,athletics and hobbies _ just as important as academic achievement.(2016苏锡常镇四市一模,22)A
42、is BareCwas Dwere答案 A解析 考查主谓一致。句意为:孩子参加社会活动、体育运动和业余爱好是和学业成就同等重要的,这是常识。句子的主语是 childrens involvement,是单数形式;另外作为常识,应用一般现在时。17_ on mobile phones for storing information that people are unable to remember basic things.(2016苏锡常镇四市一模,29)ASuch is the dependence BSuch dependence doesCSo they are dependent DS
43、o do they depend答案 A解析 考查倒装句。句意为:这就是人们对手机储存信息的依赖,以至于人们记不住最基本的东西。such.that. 结构表示“ 如此以至于” ,such 实际上是 be 动词后的表语,被提前到了句首。C 项如改为 So dependent are they 也正确。18Dogs barked madly while fish jumped out of water.In no time _ as a prediction of a coming earthquake.Athe phenomena were noticedBthe phenomena was n
44、oticedCwere the phenomena noticedDwas the phenomena noticed答案 A解析 考查倒装结构及主谓一致。句意 为:狗疯狂地叫, 鱼 儿跳出水面。这些预示地震即将到来的现象立刻引起了注意。in no time 立刻, 马上,不含否定含义,因此置于句首时句子不需要倒装。另外 phenomena 为 phenomenon 的复数形式。故选 A 项。19 “Not until I knew much about Nanking Massacre, ”the foreigner says, “_ the significance of setting
45、the National Memorial Day.”Ahad I understood Bdid I understandCI have understood DI understood答案 B解析 考查倒装句。句意为:这 个外国人说:“直到我了解了很多关于南京大屠 杀的事,我才意识到设立国家公祭日的重要性。 ”“not until从句”放在了句首,引起主句部分倒装;另外understand 这一动作发生在 know 之后,不需要用 过去完成时,故选 B 项。20Sorry,Joe.I did not mean to.Dont call me “Joe”I am Mr Parker to you,and _ you forget it!Amustn t Bdidn tCshouldn t Ddont答案 D解析 考查祈使句。句意为: 对不起, Joe。我没打算 。不要叫我“Joe ”,对你来说我是帕克先生,你没有忘了吧!祈使句的否定结构是在句子前面加 do not 或 dont。故选 D项。