1、第一讲：“庖丁解牛”说英语请翻译：我是个学生。I am a student.我是个新东方的学生。I am a student of New Oriental School.我爱你。I love you.我在心中爱你。I love you in my heart.这是一朵花。This is a flower.这是一朵在公园里的花。This is a flower in the park.这是一朵美丽的花。This is a beautiful flower.英语语法“入门级”基本规律主干成分：汉语和英语基本一致英语中有若干固定句型。 （it is + adj. + for sb. to do s
2、th.）修饰成分：汉语：前修英语：较短修饰成分放在被修饰词之前较长修饰成分放在被修饰词之后把握英语句子，关键在于把握“较长修饰成分”英语中三种较长修饰成分：介词短语、从句、非谓语动词“三长”之一：介词短语（添乱）【定义】：从介词开始到名词结束，表达一个独立的完整的含义的结构。【起止标志】：从介词开始到名词结束。例如：at home; in the school; beyond my wildest imagination; during my happy childhood; over the last few years(After chatting) (with Laura) (on th
3、is matter) (for two hours) (from 2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).“三长”之一：从句【定义】：由引导词引导的主谓结构【结构】：引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语【起止标志】：从句一定从引导词（有时可以省略）开始，但有以下四种结束标志1. 到句尾结束：Smith is a teacher who teaches English.2. 到句中的逗号结束：When I was young, I listened to the radio.3. 到下一修饰成分结束：I will
4、 invite Beckham who was a top football player to Beijing.4. 到下一个谓语动词结束：Beckham who was a top football player is traveling in Shanghai.“三长”之一：非谓语动词短语【定义】：非谓语动词是指动词在句中，不作谓语时的几种变化形式，即动词的“非谓语形式” ，主要包括动词不定式，动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）三类。由这些非谓语动词开头的，表示一个独立的完整的含义的结构叫做非谓语动词短语【结构】：非谓语动词 + 名词 + 副词【起止标志】：非谓语动词短语一定由动词不定式
5、（to do） ，动名词（doing）和分词（现在分词 doing 或过去分词 done）开头同样有四种结束标志1. 到句尾结束：Smith is a teacher teaching English.2. 到句中的逗号结束：To improve my English, I often chat with foreigners.3. 到下一修饰成分结束：Jack walked in, waving confidently to the audience.4. 到谓语动词结束：We, singing a happy song, rode to school.英语进化论（语言 = 意思 + 感觉
6、语言）This is a tiger.This is a big tiger.This is a tiger on the grass.This is a tiger that I saw before.This is a tiger which is running to the school. （这是一个定语从句吗？） （定语从句只是划线部分）This is a tiger running to the school.（非谓语动词就是“从句的简化版” ）（所有非谓语动词 均可变成 从句；但并不是所有的从句都能转换成非谓语） 天下本无英语，只有介短、从句、非谓语。 破解英语秘密的关键，在于识
7、破句子中的介短、从句、非谓语。密码学基础知识明文（plain text） 密文（cipher text）中文 英文例句：Tom is a teacher (teaching English) (in Beijing) (which is the capital) (of china).They will be able (to clear away the mystery) (of mathematics) and face their studies (with more confidence) (than they ever imagined). （2012 年北京卷）注意：“and”是造
8、成阅读理解句子变难的重要因素。 （平行并列结构）The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表 ) are an exception (to the general rule) (that we forget rather quickly the things) (that we learn) (in school), (because they are another) (of the things) (we overlearn) (in childhood). （2012 年课标卷）主谓宾基本句型英汉语序一致主系表（汉语中的系动词常省略）如：“我（感觉）热。 ”主干成分此外
9、还有若干高级句型 如：there be 句型；倒装句；强调句等等it is adj. for sb. to do 句型句子规律汉语中，修饰成分置于中心词之前形容词修饰成分 哪些短？副词英语中，较短修饰成分置于中心词之前， 介词短语较长修饰成分置于修饰词之后 哪些长？ 从句非谓语 英语中主要只有五种修饰成分，称为：“三长两短” ，他们是使句子变复杂的主要因素。再加上同样会使句子变复杂的“平行并列结构” ，统称为：“三长两短一并列” 。平行并列结构【定义】：由“并列连接词”and, but, or, as well as, not only but also , both and , either
10、 or , neither nor 等，将两个或两个以上“含义相似，结构相同”的“并列项”连接起来构成的结构。即：“A and B” 或 “A, B and C”如：mom and dad; not only Bob but also James; Tom, Dick and Harry原则上，只要是“含义相似，结构相同”的东西都能并列，所以英语句子中可以并列的东西有很多，读句子时要注意识别到底是谁和谁并列。如：Tom and Jerry are friends.Mr. Smith is a kind, patient, and knowledgeable English teacher.We
11、 are supposed to answer the following questions quickly and accurately.Wit the Internet, people can not only play computer games but also do only shopping.And that government (of the people), (by the people) and (for the people) shall not perish from the earth.Ive finished reading the book (which is
12、 written by Mo Yan) and (that you just lent me last month).Singing and laughing, we headed to the park.The children can go with us or they can stay at home.必杀技：“组件分析”三步法【Step1：预处理】给“ 三长”加括号，给“并列词”加方框，给“并列项”加三角。注 1：先找 B，再找 A。 （A 和 B 结构相同，含义相似 像）例如：I like the box (on the desk) and the flower (in your
13、hand) (which you promised to give me).注 2：一旦出现下一修饰成分，就要果断的将上一修饰成分结束掉，不管上一修饰成分本身结束了没有。例如：Tom is a teacher (teaching English) (in Beijing) (which is the capital) (of china).【Step2：做直译】一个括号一个括号地进行翻译。例如：Tom is a teacher ( teaching English) (in Beijing) (which is the capital) (of china).Tom 是老师 教英语 在北京 它
14、是首都 中国的。注 3：英文是“挂钩”的语言，每个括号里的第一个单词，都称为“挂钩”单词，可以通过利用每个挂钩提问和回答问题，将一个个括号连接起来。 （“扯蛋” “射箭” ）例句：They will be able (to clear away the mystery) (of mathematics) and face their studies (with more confidence) (than they ever imagined). （2012 年北京卷）The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表 ) are an exception (to the gene
15、ral rule) (that we forget rather quickly the things) (that we learn) (in school), (because they are another) (of the things) (we overlearn) (in childhood). （2012 年课标卷）【Step3：调整语序】后修变前修，增删个别词。例如：(After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from 2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I
16、 returned (to my office).例如：Hello. Its one (of the first words) (we learn) (as babies); yet its one (of the last ones) (we think) (to use) (as adults). Thats unfortunate, (because saying hello is more) (than just saying hello)it is recognition (of anothers worth).（2009 年山东卷）The Department (of Agricu
17、lture) has programs (aimed) (at developing more farmers and at increasing interest) (in locally grown food).（2012 年江苏卷）(If you started) (to dry clothes) (in the morning) and forgot (to take them out), you can go (to your phone) and restart your dryer (for the time) (when come home), so your clothes are refreshed and ready (to go). （2012年山东卷）Grown-ups are often surprised (by how well they remember something) they learned (as children) but have never practiced ever since. （2012 年课标卷）介、从、非 演员 定、状 角色
