1、2006.年第二学习阶段 中南大学现代远程教育课程考试护理英语（一） 试题（本试题页不上交）一、Translate the English into Chinese（15 分）1Now put the thermometer under your tongueIll also check your pulse rate and respiration 2A bit fast，because you had a fever his morningBut the rhythm is normal. That means your heart is pumping regularly without
2、 skipping（漏去, 省去）3There are two other ways to take temperature, in the armpit or by rectum, the temperature registered under the arm would be half a degree lower than by mouth, and that by rectum half a degree higher, of course the oral measurement is easier and more accurate.4He restored to health
3、soon because of correct diagnosis and prompt treatment.5It should be avoided to use some medical terminology which are unfamiliar to patients.二、翻译下列情景流感病人看病（15 分）护士：你有什么不舒服?病人：昨天晚上回家吃饭时，我感到头痛，胸痛，还有热度。事实上，我混身酸痛，所以我服了阿司匹林(aspirin)后，径直上床睡觉了。夜里，我开始胃痛，想吐。我根本睡不着。护士：嗯。让我给你诊脉。请把嘴张开，让我看看你的舌头。你胃还痛吗?病人：比早上稍微好一
4、些，但是还感到痛。护士：请解开衣服，躺在这里。(琼斯护士检查了病人的胸部、背部和胃部。)护士：你咽喉相当肿。你有一点感冒。我给你打一针青霉素。你的胃没什么大毛病，你不用担心。我给你开一张处方。这种药水一日三次，在饭前三十分钟服，这种胶囊（capsules）饭后半小时再服。还有，我得告诫你这一段时间不要吃油腻食物。三、Cloze（10 分）It was a Monday morning. As a teacher walked into 1, he heard a low voice: “ Here is the teacher. I am 2 this boring fellow is goi
5、ng to talk about putting in commas.” it was 3 voice. His name was Bill. He was talking 4 the boy next to him.The teacher didnt get angry. He said 5 about it but he really began to talk about putting in commas, and then he wrote 6 the sentence:” Bill says the teacher is a boring fellow.”The class 7 a
6、nd Bills face 8 red.“Now,” said the teacher, ”Ill 9 you know important commas are.”He put two commas in the sentence, and now it reads, ” 10 is a boring fellow.”1 A library B school C classroom D office2 A sorry B sure C glad D surprised3 A his B the teachers C a boys D a girls4 A with B of C about
7、D at5 A much B everything C something D nothing6 A on his desk B on the blackboard C in his book D in Bills exercise-book2006.年第二学习阶段 7 A laughed B stopped C looked D read8 A began B changed C turned D grew9 A answer B show C ask D give10 A the teacher says, Bill B Bill, says, the teacherC the teach
8、er, says, Bill D Bill, says，the teacher，四.Reading comprehension（28 分）1 Pressure UlcersPressure Ulcers, also called decubitus ulcers or bedsores, are areas where the skin has because of prolonged underlying pressure. Injury to the skin comes from pressure on a part of the body where there is loss of
9、circulation (blood flow), which destroys tissues. The pressure cuts off circulation and nourishment to skin areas over the bony prominences. These are places where bones are close to the surface of the skin. The pressure can come from the weight of the body lying in one position for too long or from
10、 splints, casts, or bandages. If pressure ulcers are not treated, they quickly get larger and become very painful. Even wrinkles in the bed linen can be a cause of pressure ulcers.Pressure Ulcers are often made worse by continued pressure, moisture, and lack of cleanliness. Irritating substances on
11、the skin such as perspiration, urine, feces, material from wound discharges, or soap that has been left on the skin after a bath all tend to make skin conditions worse,Risk Factors For Pressure Ulcer DevelopmentCertain conditions are associated with pressure ulcer breakdown. Patients with even one o
12、f these risk factors is at risk for skin breakdown. The patient with more than one risk factor is at even greater risk. These patients need considerable assistance from the nurse to prevent pressure ulcers. The conditions for risk include:Loss of sensory perception: patients who are unresponsive and
13、 have a limited ability to feel pain over large parts of their bodies Moist skin: skin that is almost constantly moist from perspiration, urine, or loose stools can break downLimited activity: patients who are bedfast and chairfastImmobility: patients who do not move on their own while in bed or in
14、the chair.Friction and shear: frequent sliding down and pulling up in bed can cause the patient to slide over the sheets Poor nutrition or poor hydration: patients who do not eat all their food and are not on tube feedings can be vulnerable to skin breakdown Answer the following questions with true
15、or false1the blood flow to skin area with bedsore is enough.2the most risk skin areas for bedsore are those over bony prominences.3it is impossible for a patients arm to suffer from bedsore even though with a cast.4compared with middle-aged patient, older patient is easier to get bedsore.5a patient
16、sitting in chair do not have to worry bedsore.22006.年第二学习阶段 Every communication process includes a sender, a transmitting device, signals, a receiver, and feedback. The sender attempts to convey a message, an idea, or information through appropriate use of symbols or signals directed to another spec
17、ific person or group. That the messages sent does not guarantee that it will be received, let alone by the person for whom it is attended.Many factors influence how the message is sent and whether, how, and by whom it will be received, including : the needs and condition of both sender and receiver,
18、 emotionally, physically, and intellectually, the occasion or setting and the senders knowledge about the relationship with the receiver, other factors include the content of the message or vocabulary to be decided, the mood or attitude present in the situation, and the communication experience alre
19、ady in operation.The receiver in turn perceives, interprets, and responds to the message. Through some process, feedback is given to the sender, confirming that the message has been sent. The receiver at that point becomes the sender of the message. If the original message sent does not result in a
20、response or feedback, there is no official interchange.Communication and related behavior can be studied only in their proper context. Studying only the information, the command, the question, the words is not enough. Behavior and the way of communicating are not static they vary with the specific s
21、ituation. In certain situation, seemingly inappropriate responses may be highly appropriate behavior. For example, the seeming senseless talk of an emotionally ill person may be the only feasible reaction in an untenable family situationthe only way of maintaining initiative and selfrespect when the
22、 mother communicates overprotection or “smothering” nonverbally. Thus, communication is influenced by the family and social system in which the person lives.In the strictest sense, all behavior in the presence of others is communication, and all communication affects behavior. How you gesture, postu
23、re, dress, move, speak, behave, or fail to carry out certain behaviors will provide an understandable signal for someone. For example, two persons sitting side by side in an emergency room may neither speak nor look at one another. Yet there is a communication process present, for each behaviorally
24、conveys to the other that he/she does not wish to engage in an interchange of words, for whatever reason. Contrast this with two persons sitting side by side who do not speak but occasionally look at each other and smile. Then a few words are exchanged. The initial nonverbal expressions encourage th
25、e eventual verbal exchange. Thus anything perceptibly present or absent can serve as a signal of communication, one that need only be decoded to be meaningful.6.Which of the following might not influence how a message is sent?A environment B receivers knowledgeC senders communication experienceD the
26、 needs and condition of both the sender and receiver.7.In the communication process, the message passes through in the order of:A feedback, sender, receiverB sending, receiving, feedbackingC receiving, sending, feedbackingD all of the above mentioned are wrong8.Which of the following is not right ab
27、out communication?A studying the message is importantB the message should be studied in its specific situationC family and social system can also influence communication2006.年第二学习阶段 D the way of communicating are not dynamic9.Which of the following is wrong?A feedback is very important in communicat
28、ionB the sender must use appropriate signals to convey his messageC once message is sent, it must be received by the person it is intendedD transmitting device is also involved in communication10.Which of the following is not communication?A two persons sit side by side without talking with each oth
29、erB two persons smile to each other in the streetC a man waves his hand to another personD a client murmurs to himself constantly3One of nurses most routine and yet most critical responsibilities is the preparation and administration of medications. The responsibility extends beyond preparation and
30、administration. The nurse must know how medicines act, the usual dosage, the desired effects, and potential side effects so that he or she can evaluate the effectiveness of the medication and recognize adverse effects promptly when they occur. You will acquire this knowledge gradually as you study p
31、harmacology and care for patients with varying problems.The major nursing diagnosis to keep in mind when giving medications is Risk for injury. Patients can be injured by medications given in the wrong dosage, at the wrong time, or by an incorrect route. They also can be injured by the omission of e
32、ssential medications, the administration of an incorrect medication, and by incorrect documentation. Although this nursing diagnosis will not appear on the care plan, it applies to every situation in which a patient is being given medications.Another nursing diagnosis frequently appropriate when adm
33、inistering medications is Knowledge deficit. In this case the Knowledge Deficit would be related to some aspect of the medication regimen; for example, the need to be aware of drug interactions when taking antacids.In any healthcare facility, medications are administered according to procedures and
34、policies defined by that facility.11.What is one of the nurses most routine and yet most critical responsibilities?A health education B research C unit management D preparing and given medication12.The following conditions can cause patients injury except_:A wrong dosage B incorrect time C follow th
35、e doctors prescription D omission of essential medications13.In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication and recognize side effects on time, the nurse must have knowledge except:A how medicines act B person to give medication C the usual dosage D the desired effects 14.When taking antac
36、ids, nurses must be aware of:A time to take medication B dosage C drug interactions D the patients disease五、将下列短文翻译成英文（16 分）2006.年第二学习阶段 研究表明，上酒吧会严重影响男性健康不过是以积极的方式。利兹大学的一位学者宣称本地酒吧里的温馨气氛能帮助男人们摆脱现代生活的压力，对他们的心理健康起着不可或缺的作用。科林基尔博士说，妇女不但不应该抱怨，反而应当鼓励男人们出去短时间地喝上一两杯。 “酒吧消遣是男人与朋友和同事联系的纽带， ”他说。 “男人和女人一样需要放松时间，
37、这样他们的心理会更健康。 ”基尔补充说，男人如果连续一周不上酒吧就会觉得空虚和失落。基尔的报告中统计了 900 名男子去酒吧的理由。超过 40%的人说是为了聊天，说是为了寻求放松和享受酒吧的友好气氛的也占了相当比例。只有 1/10 的人说去酒吧主要是为了喝酒。六、用英文以责任护士的身份为新病人做入院介绍，应包含介绍你自己，你们科室、病人所在病房的环境及你们病房的规章制度（不少于 150 个单词，16 分）2006.年第二学习阶段 姓名 中南大学现代远程教育课程考试护理英语（一） 答卷本人承诺：本试卷确为本人独立完成，若有违反愿意接受处理。签名： 学 号： 专业： 学习中心： 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 总分 统分人签字得分2006.年第二学习阶段 姓名 2006.年第二学习阶段 姓名
