1、1Unit 11 How was your school trip ?Section A1. How was your school trip? 你们的学校郊游怎么样?(1)这是一个一般过去时的句子。它表示过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与yesterday,last year,an hour ago,the day before yesterday,in 2011 等过去时间状语连用。Was Yao Ming in the NBA two years ago? 姚明两年前在 NBA 吗?Yes,he was. /No,he wasnt. 是的。/不,他不在。We werent in J
2、inan last year. 我们去年不在济南。(2)trip 通常指短途旅行、旅游或外出,后面可以接“介词 to+地点名词”。“go on/make/take a trip”都可表示“出去旅行”,“on a trip”表示“在旅行期间”。They are going on a bus/ship trip to Hangzhou. 他们将乘坐公共汽车/轮船去杭州旅行。Im going to take a two-day trip to Zaozhuang. 我想去枣庄两日游。Shes on a business trip to Xuzhou. 她正在徐州出差。(3)“How+be+事物名词?
3、”是一个常见的询问对某事物感觉如何的句型;而“How+be +人名?”常用来询问某人的身体状况。如:How was your last weekend? 上周末过得怎么样?It was great. 棒极了。How are your parents? 你的父母身体如何?They are fine. Thanks. 他们很好,谢谢。拓展：句中的 how 是疑问副词,意为“如何;怎样”,其用法如下:(询问身体状况)怎样How is your grandfather? 你爷爷的身体好吗?(询问方式、方法)怎样How did you come back home last night? 昨天晚上你是怎
4、么回家的?2(询问天气状况)怎样How is the weather in Shanghai today? 今天上海的天气怎么样?(询问程度)怎样 How do you like the book? 你觉得这本书怎么样? 2. milked a cow 给奶牛挤奶该短语中的 milk 用作及物动词,意为“挤奶”,如:Wheres your mother? 你的妈妈在哪里?Shes milking cows on the farm. 她在农场里给奶牛挤奶。milk 还可用作不可数名词,意为“牛奶”,如:How much milk do you drink every day? 你每天喝多少牛奶?
5、I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. 早饭我通常喝牛奶、吃面包。3. Did you see any cows? 你看到奶牛了吗?Yes,I did. I saw quite a lot. 是的,看到了。我看到了许多的奶牛。(1)这是一个含有行为动词的一般过去时问句,其结构为“Did+主语+动词原形+其他?”其肯定回答为:Yes,主格代词+did;否定回答为: No,主格代词+didnt。如:Did you go to the library yesterday? 昨天你去图书馆了吗?Yes,I did. /No,I didnt. 是的,我去
6、了。/不,我没去。Did they finish the work last week? 他们上周完成工作了吗?Yes,they did. /No,they didnt. 是的,他们完成了。/不,没完成。(2)quite a lot 是表示程度的副词短语,意为“相当多”,在句中多修饰动词或动词短语。如:I ate quite a lot for lunch today. 今天午餐我吃了很多。Do we have milk in the fridge? 我们冰箱里还有牛奶吗?Yes,quite a lot. 是的,还有很多。拓展：ot 后接名词时常与介词 of 连用,quite a lot of
7、 意为“相当多的”,后接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式。如:I have quite a lot of work to do this afternoon. 今天下午我有太多的活要做。There are quite a lot of people in the supermarket today. 今天超市里的人很多。4. Did Carol take any photos? Carol 拍照了吗?take a photo 或 take photos 是“拍照”。如:Make a good pose and I will take a photo for you. 摆个好姿势,我来给你照张相。A
8、lthough I love holidays,I hate to take photos. 尽管我喜欢度假,但我却讨厌照相。35. Did you learn anything? 你学到什么东西了吗?anything 用作不定代词,其用法如下:(1)(用于疑问句或 if 从句中)什么东西,什么事情。如:Do you have anything to say? 你有什么话要说吗?(2)(用于否定句中)任何东西,任何事情。如:He doesnt want to eat anything now. 现在他什么也不想吃。(3)(用于肯定句中)无论什么东西,无论什么事情。如:My dog will e
9、at almost anything. 我的狗几乎什么东西都吃。拓展：(1)当形容词修饰 anything 时,形容词要置于其后。如:Is there anything new in this book? 这本书中有什么新内容吗?(2)anything 是由“any+thing”构成,类似单词还有:any+body=anybody 任何人 any+one=anyone 任何人any+where=anywhere 任何地方 any+way=anyway 不管怎样;无论如何6. The farmer showed Carol around the farm. 那位农民领着卡罗尔参观了农场。“sho
10、w sb. around” 意为“领某人看”。如:Could you show me around the factory? 你能带我参观这家工厂么?拓展：show 的用法show 还有“给看”之意。常用短语:show sb. sth 或 show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物。如:The girl shows me her photos. =The girl shows her photos to me. 小女孩让我看了看她的照片。show 还可意为“指引,领路”如:Let me show you the way to the hospital. 我指给你去医院的路。 易错警醒 ：在
11、“show +间接宾语+直接宾语”结构中,若直接宾语为指物的代词 it 或 them 时,只能用“show it(them)to sb.”结构。如 :正:You have a new pen,please show it to me.误:You have a new pen,please show me it.7. Carol picked some strawberries and took them home. 卡罗尔摘了一些草莓,然后把它们带回家。(1)pick 用作动词,有“采;摘”之意。如:He picked her a beautiful rose. 他给她采了一朵漂亮的玫瑰花。4
12、We helped the farmers pick apples on the farm last weekend. 上周我们在农场帮农民摘苹果。此外,pick 还有“挑选”之意,如:Please pick a good book for me. 请给我挑一本好书。拓展：pick up 意为“捡起;拾起”,为“动词+副词”短语,若宾语为代词,放于 pick 和 up 中间。如:Could you pick up the card? 你能把卡片拾起来吗?Your watch is on the floor. Pick it up,please. 你的手表在地上,请把它捡起来。 (2)took
13、them home 意为“把它们带回家”。take.to.意为“把某物拿到”,home 是副词,故其前不用介词 to。如:Please take these books to your sister. 请把这些书带给你的姐姐。Take the letter home after school,please. 放学后,请把这封信带回家。8. I visited my grandparents in the countryside. 我看望了乡下的爷爷奶奶。(1)此句中的 visit 用作动词,意为“拜访;访问;探望”,还可意为“参观”。如:We visited our friends in to
14、wn. 我们去看望了城里的朋友。Would you like to visit the Great Wall with us this Sunday?这个星期天你想和我们一起去参观长城吗?拓展：visit 用作名词,构成短语:go(be)on a visit to.,意为“去参观”,如:They went(were) on a visit to the park last week. 他们上周去公园游玩了。 (2)in the countryside 意为“在农村,在乡下”,在此处作定语。英语中短语作定语常放在所修饰词之后。如:The woman in blue is our English
15、teacher. 身着蓝衣的女士是我们的英语老师。countryside 是由“country(农村)+side(边)”构成的合成词。类似的合成词还有:week 星期+end 尽头weekend 周末news 新闻+paper 纸newspaper 报纸home 家+work 工作homework 家庭作业9. And I fed the chickens with my grandpa. 我和我的爷爷一起喂小鸡。句中的 fed 是动词 feed 的过去式,意为“喂养;饲养”。表示“给某人/动物喂食物”或“用食物喂某人/动物”常用短语:feed sth. to sb. 或 feed sb. o
16、n sth.。如:5Please feed some grass to the cow. 请给牛喂点草。She feeds the baby on milk. 她用牛奶喂婴儿。【巧记】feed+ +on feed+ +to拓展：eed on 意为“以为主食;靠为主”,如:Birds feed on worms and grains. 鸟以虫和谷物为食。 10. It was great and the air was so clean. 天气很好,空气也很洁净。clean 是形容词,意为“干净的;清洁的”,其反义词为 dirty“脏的”。Please keep the classroom cl
17、ean. 请保持教室清洁。clean 还可用作动词,意为“打扫,把弄干净”。如:We clean our classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 11. Lucky you. 你真幸运。“Lucky you.”是 “How lucky you are!” 的省略句,常用于口语中,意为“你真幸运”。如: You can get a good job in the TV station. Lucky you.你能在电视台找到一份工作。你真幸运。Lucky you,you can have a rest at home.你真幸运,可以在家休息一下了。12. We had so
18、much fun. 我们玩得非常高兴。(1)so much 表示“很多”,其后跟不可数名词。so 在此表示“如此的”,修饰形容词或者副词。辨析： so much 与 so manyso much 与 so many 都可表示“如此多”,常与 that 连用。so much 后跟不可数名词。如:I have so much work to do that I cant go out with you. 我有这么多工作要做,因此不能和你出去。so many 后跟可数名词复数。如:There are so many cars that I dont know which to buy. 有这么多的车
19、,我不知道该买哪辆才好。 (2)have fun 玩得高兴,过得愉快。相当 于 have a good time 或 enjoy oneself。如:你在吉姆的生日聚会上玩得很高兴吗?6Did you have fun at Jims birthday party?=Did you have a good time at Jims birthday party?=Did you enjoy yourself at Jims birthday party?拓展：have fun doing sth. 表示“愉快地做某事”,如:We had fun playing in the water. 我们
20、在水里玩得很高兴。 7. But at about two oclock,it got very cloudy and we worried it would rain. 但是在两点左右时,天气变得很阴沉,我们担心会下雨。(1)get cloudy 变得阴沉,“get”在此处为连系动词。get 作连系动词时后常接形容词,表示温度、天气、情绪等的变化。如:The weather gets cold today. 今天天气变冷了。My mother got angry because I didnt do my homework. 我没做作业,妈妈变得很生气。(2)worried 是动词 worr
21、y 的过去式。以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,其过去式是变 y 为 i,再加-ed。类似的词还有:studystudied crycried trytried该句中的 worry 后跟省略 that 的从句,如:Dont worry how much you spend on the trip. 别担心你旅行花多少钱。He worries he cant pass the English exam. 他担心这次英语考试不及格。拓展：语:worry about/be worried about 对担心 如:Dont worry about the money. 不要为钱的事担心。Toms moth
22、er is worried about him. 汤姆的妈妈很担心他的学习。 8. Luckily,it didnt,and the sun came out again! 所幸的是,并没有下雨,太阳又出来了!(1)luckily 是 lucky 的副词形式,意为“幸运地”常放于句首。如:Luckily,I caught the last bus. 幸运的是,我赶上了末班车。拓展：uck 是其名词形式,不 可数名词;lucky 是其形容词形式。如:Good luck to you! 祝你好运!She was lucky to meet so good teachers. 能遇到这么好的老师她很
23、幸运。 (2)sun 用作名词,意为“太阳”为独一无二的事物,其前常与定冠词 the 连用。如:The earth goes around the sun. 地球围着太阳转。The sun gives us light and heat. 太阳给我们光和热。7The fire last night destroyed many buildings. _,no one was killed.A. Actually B. Simply C. Luckily D. Immediately【解析】 考查副词的用法。题意为:昨晚的大火毁坏了许多房屋,幸运的是没有一人死亡。而actually 意为:实际上
24、;simply 意为:简单地;immediately 意为:立刻,马上,都不符合题意。【答案】 C。Where were you last Saturday?I _ in the Capital Museum.A. am B. will be C. was D. have been【解析】 考查动词时态的用法。根据对话上文提到的时间状语 last Saturday 可知,强调在过去的时间里发生的事情,故用一般过去时态。【答案】 C。Not only Jam but also his parents _ a few interesting places since they came to Ch
25、ina.A. will visit B. has visited C. have visited D. visited【解析】 考查动词时态的用法。根据 since 引导的时间状语从句 “since they came to China”可知,要用现在完成时态;根据 “not only.but also.”近主语原则的用法可知谓语动词用复数,故选 C。_ he go to Central Park? Yes,he did.A. Did B. Do C. Does D. Is【解析】 考查一般过去时的一般疑问句用法。句中含有实义动词 go,一般疑问句要用助动词。根据答语 “Yes,he did.
26、” 可知是过去时态,所以用助动词 did,所以选择答案 A。【答案】 A。Last summer vacation,we _ many photos when we had a trip to Dalian.A. take B. takes C. took D. will take【解析】 考查动词的时态 。由时间状语“Last summer”可知,本句为一般过去时。故选 C。【答案】 C。Do you have _else to say for your mistake?8 _ but sorry.A. anything;Something B. something;EverythingC. something;Anything D. anything;Nothing【解析】 考查不定代词的用法。前句是一般疑问句,故排除 B 和 C。句意:你对于你的错误还有别的什么要说吗?没有什么要说的,除了抱歉。故选 D。【答案】 D。
