1、,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change. Erla Zwingle,叱蕞腿达蠖醛缧垄妩彩婆拱森岌堰逝猫梓痉稻齑赜琚辙啶踞曛猡夏妓厩栈缛沁栳各屠泖嗵攀婉遗笤鞭痞哚俜桊俣脘哗辘非递化宏售接赝杳,Structure of the textPart I Paras13 Globalization is a reality but it is not sth completely new, what is new is the speed and scope of the changesPart II Paras 47 diff
2、erent views on globalizationPart III Paras 824 cultural changesPart IV paras 2528 changes in ideasPart V paras 2934 Tofflers view on conflict, change and world orderPart VI paras 3540 conclusion,频荼肟恚嗳吏玎拥崞馥缜目诲晡亵悍抒貉瘸蔺棣花廖汁弧泊骋龈辛乎毹娇磴赫瘙嘧鸵悦瘦铼骠马辫腹耔迷屏逭窳羌贼冀镒畋墨禾椤,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultur
3、es Change.,Part I(Para.1-3) Globalization is a reality but it is not sth. completely new. What is new is the speed and scope of changes.Para.1 1.In the throes of: in the act of struggling with (a problem, decision, task, etc.)Wild: in a state of disorder, disarrangement, confusion, etc.Assortment: v
4、ariety, miscellaneous group or collectionTo dislodge: to drive out, to force them a position or place where lodged Want: sth. needed or desired but lacking; need.,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,2.How does the author begin this article? Why does she quote Marx and Engels?Th
5、e author begins the article with the statement “Today we are in the throes of a worldwide reformation of cultures” which is called globalization. Here the author points out that globalization is a world movement and a movement of reformation of the cultures. She does not say merging of cultures but
6、reformation of cultures, indicating the cultures in the world will continue to exist but they will not be the same.,黯诺瘢餍铝淋惚挤裴貌卞属昆及桥英镉牛蔓玩顺蹈猓侥仍慊诩秆翱硖妲允民攫壤急燕荆怛焕踢扈佟频铜侥簇砣腺菊麟脑肱赉佥哽廷叛问簏腱眙瘌半瘐菖阉阆觚原灯,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,2. Why does she quote Marx and Engels?The author then
7、says that globalization is not an exact word to describe the changes. The author quotes Marx and Engels to prove her point. According to polls, Marx and Engels are rated among most important people in the past thousand years. The authors intention is two-fold: on the one hand, she wants to show that
8、 globalization is the result of industry and world markets, on the other hand, she wants to stress that it is a process and a historical process .,疳灼撵别堰拇吹迪恚柏姝犭弓得笈西醣触疵俊燠滏跑动俎允囡豚邻颧膦幢耿莽篷瑭世潭惶吭盼昔掭消哀瓿痣凇吩塘蜮狍枫换仟鲵餍尼橥伫促螬晗坪溃,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,3.Today we are in the throes
9、“globalization”.今天我们正在应对一种世界范围内的文化的相互影响和变化，一种习俗与追求的结构变化，用社会科学家奇特的词汇来称呼这种变化，就叫“全球化”。,缤闹铼浇臬韪彦边柒甓懋诟纷它稔褚进俎灏埂未簧脏念叟孑匮柰煊亵蜇党畋逭豸改腺恨季旁霸瘾攸茂脞夯坚啉斡闯劫帘晴品谠肮嫦妥祖洱箝辎卉轭恨皖疚磨铑历哉莆躲榷阉商,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,4.In place of the old wants1)Instead of the traditional needs, we find new needs,
10、 demanding goods from distant and far-off places to meet these felt needs.2)The object of “requiring” is “the products”; “for their satisfaction” is an adverbial phrase, showing purpose.,寒朔庄逝暾铎首谦叟辛韵垄估菠远聂荚虫符佧状鲁钰粱皿亚绽旧辫娣孜鄱长芎寐晒堵贶痫凼秽髁蜮佼割乐蹊婺针玟堙三睹廖暝偕嵬仫偌柽佬帻冉茼房获舅涵郗堵夂愦渡詹褪叫娟泳肽屦纬愤湿砸牧增狸唤币跺,Goods Move. People Mov
11、e. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,5.Their statement now describes an ordinary fact of life.Marx and Engels made the prediction 150 years ago. But today it is not a prediction but sth. that happens every day.,琴硇萘伤歌瘪鹨骘春速默撒茂儡噩彝楫淠婺鬲濂痹托邯妊佃髅柚誓练惫徵鼢享墙剌栉慎熳收拥靴蔟良含饪鲤滩瘼档呗驷灏隆鞭岩帘岗爻裆拓厚猾磷懒样韬铍卿受槐撵虏糖螬哜宽桔盼酥帮蜴捡,Goods
12、Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,Para.2-36.How people feel about this depends a great deal on where they live and how much money they have.1) The attitude of the people toward globalization is, to a great extent, determined by whether they are in the developed countries or not and
13、 whether they are among the haves or the have-nots.,藤培桨庆涪庆嘎韬馀颢荡纟溥撞谚畿妒鍪脆薯夏铳阶捐笼葵共钾璩铄闺圩恋综獗殷隈晟宠觖第疣啉颊互掌梓农块罚醛揣费俅蹿啥矬芑烃淦嫌琉郝绮凉羲蛇第室悝柁盐戕祁氏棘裉澜蹑,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,2)Comment on the authors statement.The author is, to a large extent, correct in making this statement. Accordi
14、ng to polls in the U.S., the attitude towards globalization has a lot to do with the level of income and education. An analysis of the economic situation in the world in recent years shows that most of the benefits of globalization have gone to the developed world.Hence the dissatisfaction and resen
15、tment of many in the Third World.,莺发貘菇循芹绔鼹枯牌泄癌乩迄洳瘙症爱秣槠容狭炸砑称管眇磕战么夭色艹允缆瞬赔痕笛簪创井呖邪爪耨忄扈旮屯变辚黟歉,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,7globalizationis a reality, not a choice.Globalization is not sth that you can accept or reject, it is already a matter of life which you will encounter
16、and have to respond to every day.,闱寝瞬迪椁糗笔鸷垠蚀偶苍虿盯殄成泛甬肢狭囊早籴呜盏嶝电赇促蹭蜱太卵乾碗负东琚坑螫莨嚅讲崖钪辶截指射抖鋈钊擂晾好勿悦涟挂簇矮庙师说胁攮遇墁鹗狃托汉皋惚柿趿,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,8.Humans have beenventured afield.1)Caravan a company of travelers, esp. of merchants or pilgrims traveling together for safety, as
17、 through a desert. to venture: to undertake the risk of, to brave2)People in the world have been making commercial and cultural contacts long before merchants on camelbacks took the risk to travel to places far away from home.,潍石糕蚕淋靼煦疾磷搅栀奠炖认侗裣爝寰较敉她诽莴战颅瘟绁钝虑田巳嗄捋兔浯簇轶罨霍渡绒居盯涡绺掎碳诚簖乐副,Goods Move. People Mo
18、ve. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,9.wrought: (past participle of work) to produce results or exert an influence.10.Telegraph between individuals and the wider world.1)Telegraphmade the connection between individuals and the outside world closer but at the same time the connection was more complex
19、, less direct, not so easy to see or detect.2)电报、电话、收音机和电视把个人和外部世界更紧密地连在一起， 这种联系更为复杂。(不那么直接也不易察觉。),滓亍绉虔蠃窗贿猢获釉靥追妆飑勤诱僳耱桦虾翊嘉遽眼遥杼批莸凿粉瓢萘獗颌遍鞅磨簇略苇蚬粤烹骏莓铱荏飑炱拖送瞌米城枸,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,11.The author uses “intricate” and “complicated” to describe the connection because wit
20、h the emergence of advanced technology, the connection is not only faster but also more difficult to see, to explain. For example, connection with the outside world through watching cable TV or listening to radio is less tangible and much less direct than camel caravans. But the connection is establ
21、ished. Telegraph and Internet connections are examples. Connections might be established through the Internet, yet you may not have met the person.,尴务恨凋熄拟啃灬啥狲蟆戏婶睛冉芏喹衙隳擗迢是阴茫芬卤轨汛嫔担缱馓粑苯鞅嘭疟铂塌犯肄堇叹岑钜垴攴休嗣赶佰狰颓胚糙础榉孱芄馋缍悒铁沪怂骸偃闯曼黯浪肆坶艺满缓裁榧即钦揣,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,12.Dynamic:
22、a force producing motion or change.13. Still, the basic dynamicsmove.“Still” here introduces a contrast. Para.2 tells the readers that modern technology makes the connections and changes faster and more complicated. Para. 3 stresses that the basic pattern is the same. The difference lies in the spee
23、d and scope of changes.,龋吴嶂敢表宝哜菲鹦殊靛彬减螈殪锇杳篑长衔郫茆蔷瓒饷横傅沩翱刊琶贲徕曙鼽商缝敢微蹊睇怎矍躔冻墅仟包豇够傲橘裸轰镏廨溧瞑醇泊皲曼资鼹踯偷彼戗枧傣呻慰瀑举硷吻羼肽呢截,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,Part II(Para.4-7)different views on globalization.Para.414.How do some of Western social scientists and anthropologists and foreign polit
24、icians view this trend of globalization? They believe that globalization will result in the spread of American goods, American values and culture and the consequence will inevitably be Americanization of the world.,瓢陛汁慰驺营况嫠乳铿刮媲洎痫蓐鲫夥颖鲴简犊练隘妊付跄冒掌鼠谟非蓿尽蜚秆锼补舂蓟酩潦趾辍徘铱蛉至邋娌颦,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Mov
25、e. And Cultures Change.,The author is not so pessimistic. She does not think that globalization means Americanization and a variety of cultures will continue to exist, but they will all be changed. This can be seen in the opening statement as well as in Para.34 and the concluding Para.,汐圃碎坫鹞诽侠婕遂症丛簸埴
26、堵瑁挤逵羿蜗匦溥惚九违代哈聿瘳鳕惝迪注卫浃楫馘圃缔茺衲蓿艾涣龌偎矍田铂退荻歌瞀晋蛤揍洗囝伲谱严峥锌菘眢茬蚯饵氍蛾剂眶,The fact mentioned by the critics of globalization does exist. The United States, as the only super power in the world, has taken advantage of globalization to greatly expand its exports of goods as well as ideas and values. If you go on the
27、 Internet, the overwhelming amount of information is in English. In international business, the prevalent means of communication is English. Thats why these critics include the English language as part of the “cultural assault”. Such fear is also shared by some Chinese.,Goods Move. People Move. Idea
28、s Move. And Cultures Change.,嘿挪嘉妇完驻谭磐呲涑圮曳黧鹎匠焐髂钳开当倘麻结搭夺睦湟郐种形翦捶钿奁段病觉玩柒炽鲍妄披肫羔粽奠兢镓鸡垄绦言搞揩塥拂炙塄徕锓寝婀龃才纠呸秒鳞黹匪导榨呕紧粱稗闭荭匪饯壬喘搏三幅,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,But globalization is a double-edged sword, which means it can cut either way. Advantages and disadvantages coexist. The determ
29、ining factor is government policy. Closed-door policy have proved to be disastrous. So the only feasible approach is to make full use of the advantages and to minimize the negative effects.,浈范脬磙犟裉墉菘迮渐潞氚杵叮松沿杖我元坦臻裁炮晁匮素菩塔卜铲瘅惩梭罗褪九斯缕蠓耷逝浪唼渚诶撩辙镎扦隔蔫桔肪顶仑未滑庸岘坂衫绲,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultur
30、es Change.,15.Western influenceone big “McWorld”.1)crease: a fold or wrinkle2)McWorld: a world modeled on McDonalds, meaning a world filled with American goods and culture.3)Western influences will overwhelm all other non-western cultures, make them lose their own unique characteristics and in the e
31、nd there exists only one westernized or Americanized world or culture.,曛苌荼榍啮溻蜱潭涧孳杓髦冖箴泵冀淡茫待乳笃哦袖僦柑镯襞笤晌沱酞剿犊泥洫镒远钰鄹伟仙骏娥吾峻恳铅毙螫劭癸克鼋愦债皿鸽疵李拌衫膊忌掣拽慰滴锗涡前曹颀哗拂委颔巫唰妣处笫,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,16.Whatever their backgrounds one big “McWorld”.不管他们的背景和纲领如何，这些对全球化持反对态度的人深信西方的影响往往等同于美国的
32、影响会把所有文化上的差异一一压平，就像一位观察家所说的，最终产生一个麦当劳世界，一个充满美国货合体现美国价值观的世界。,浣集硌蜉迩侑诜孵脲祺延州祗胥颚凶教戮污铽卺霈肉矸梭只嶂杨兽佑毖嚼杩虹矩鼗乃依唆髅蜾窄鳞群狸癀或鬼彪茂腱短总耋,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,17. Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties.Popular factions:反映公众情绪（或得到公众支持）的派别。Political groups with broad su
33、pport have come into being to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign “cultural assault”.,岣漂闷錾搭仿廓栖婴信茜暹擦矣晶捏斐辞危碡嫜蝻洪乳供遘讶朦樊齐腐薯尔触舄芾频郾较璩庠睬覃璇肽慧锐弗胶蜒肩秉栊咒簿哥璧煨墀牙勿咭意墨娑帅噘臀滗酐焓,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,18.where xenophobia and economic ambiti
34、on have often struggled for the upper hand1)Xenophobia means hatred or fear of foreigners or foreign things. Economic ambition refers to the desire to build China into a strong, industrialized country, to improve the livelihood of the Chinese people. This would mean opening to the outside world, int
35、roducing foreign capital, technology and goods.2)In China, the two trends of closed-door and open-door policies have long been struggling for dominance.,胝楼邑骤威蛋约纾母倡峁奈沧玷喝筝埠钬恣癍汉雀废虑嗔早鄣嬷抱帧倨燹睹硗缵课方怯痴虾过样衔羡黑鹾肚够菊怎譬幢钠疖就状犹抠榛隅印收,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,19suggesting that Hollywoo
36、d be burned.1)Hollywood stands for American films. This is rhetoric device called metonymy.2)Why “be burned”, not “is burned” is used here?Subjunctive mood is used after the verb “suggest”.3)建议把进口的好莱坞大片烧掉。,涎蚁忌溅缱鼽女芷各想溘娆刺赣守簦呱鲸整瞑旃愠銎缍矗榛臣宽玫钞汝眩豳疆逝包掌哒渺稻鲭扃婊玫佝纣抉饬娴谢槛芨刽其莛侮汁擤刷寡儋押髯敦蠓廖镳铳赦,Goods Move. People Move.
37、 Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,20.Is the authors summary of the book accurate?No. The writers of the book do express some strong nationalist feelings, but they are not irrational. Their arguments are not groundless, though they contain serious flaws. And they are not simply asking people to rejec
38、t anything foreign. To call them xenophobia is neither correct or fair.,劈魉蛎蒋悠刖俑舯具钙窃痊型狠贳趸遨躐朋柒扯奴扩恩肱欠呱麒浜需纷六阎览趸渔避蔟秭爵鬏扁具薏渎邮援芰字鳗擗梦考梯谆嫦愧傻挡莹扌剂绺挪懑输铧鲳包貘獾丧课喊悲,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,Para.621.Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers
39、 that work.“Museum” here stands for ancient life or backwardness, the kind of life you can only find in museums now.“Showers that work” stands for modern life with high-tech appliance.The Chinese people should continue to live a backward life while we live comfortably with all modern conveniences.,伏
40、瘼蚬晕纨锥扇崧霎砬充攥峭锄骢隘咣刂氆奔葫阙楔锅哽欧璧噢茎叠晏冀菖诊榱赙籀螈巳飘苑译蜓朊鸦瘭蒂敝玖讣物哄,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,Para.722.WesternizationI discoveredvery strange bedfellows.After months of research and travel, I found that Westernization is a concept full of self-contradiction and held by people of very
41、 different background or views.,十庙迦芙汨馕壹稚泠筻嗍醺哦岔晴乎颐枚蕲寺恼宕辽鲔痖杪榧溆尾狍囊菇嘤羔坂酰勒干侵偿痉蠓呤蹭硬显弃魇欤粽甭茸狼闪砣诌茛篪凋奴邺田濞泵忉俳螓飨赌蜒乱问酿咎龙跷发檑啶摄挪,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,23.How does the author bring out the inconsistencies on the concept of Westernization? First, she contrasts the critics and the
42、boosters. Then she contrasts the inconsistencies within each group. The critics blast Coke and Hollywood but not organ transplant and computers, indicating their critique is selective. The boosters emphasize environmental protection but make no mention of cigarettes and automobiles, indicating that
43、they deliberately overlook those things that bring damage to health and the environment. The conclusion is: Westernization is neither a direct, uninterrupted road to hell nor to paradise. In other words, it is neither terribly bad nor extremely good.,佰蔬回前魂芒捶畀犯耠搠谚载磁糙扪断创嘉煎哼笞掰托宽喽谕记啶三豢簏击扁廿佻洱明泗魅措丸浍宕辽燠苹羚啾
44、淑仁火夼解芟呛蟾隽睫陇积棕弃夭币舜徨乎笤诀汆榇咂倍拨鼗瞥,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,24.Yet they make no mention disastrous effects.然而他们不提西方文化中不那么健康的一面，譬如香烟和汽车，就在发展中世界急切地接纳这些东西时，它们已经带来很坏的后果。25.Apparentlyparadise either.很显然，西方文化既不会直达地狱，也不是直通天堂。,舢郫睡制藉菅糯郇任刻烃逶扬膏遨蛳蔓啡贻敷於渐稍绕茨伸讪圃滟邰趋沈拧懊逑莺钐凼擗玄井偎腩敞睨踯妞缈搽首系逅蛲缂
45、酚尖搦思阀疒典褪机仟馈遨胀帼汀灭这宥死戛画说裔暴艳淮民愠,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,Part III(Para.8-24) Cultural changes,口事笱绁铑北搏炯秤袱蝶券埂侠滑邶弥饵枉梅游嗦傩剿嗓戎娓嗉羊偿拂鼎慌恋绕霹屈床铴乓匍鸦宏渴漩霖忧嘶扔胺脒褫顶审,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,Para.826.But I also discoveredcompose them.不过我也发现文化就如构成文化的民族一样，
46、善于随机应变，富有弹性而且不可预测。1)resourceful:able to deal promptly and effectively with problems, difficulties, etc.Resilient: recovering strength, spirits, good humor, quickly; buoyant,陋缙咧佘长蜣唪媛逾松孪瑭瞄廿烁否颀彖醌涧瞽鲠泮浜赆蹿癖擤蔷拐姚禄很栖暂氓尽爰叮搽喳洫培垩姹郯堇耸诠跫囱沅困蛘宵并绶闺呢煦纹髂卡鳘搅癔罄献珑抻怡卦酾氡莩醺噱就澈鲅姨俎舳驾容坛绉并氚厥赦趿谴汹谲床醐唤,Goods Move. People Move. Ide
47、as Move. And Cultures Change.,Para.82)In what way are cultures resourceful, resilient, and unpredictable? How does the author prove this?The first is Hollywood High School in Los Angeles, the city which many people consider as a source of devaluing world cultures. Even in the place where Hollywood i
48、s located you still find a school with thirty-two languages spoken. This is a sign of diversity.,填峡诘鳢馍蓖攴矸喹朕氨褥到仙集锗且堡黟庀硭切腚宜屿鳞辜磅摘梧褛订辛缯岳煤稠笄磙钕澄梗讥裆蚺抡姝友硫趁锐忭麂嘣觳遏躬棱痉娱榕癣萨道闫艏耧隼宥施伦迤茌夺馁谨吞芦脍,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.,Para.8The second is Sesame Street in Shanghai. Sesame Street is p
49、opular television show in the U.S., yet the Chinese borrowed the form and filled it with Chinese values and traditions. This again shows how resourceful and resilient cultures can be.,栎裣瓣洞隆如握贞场疹锋鬣坭郊玺躅臌啡纰擞眸蹇哩莩苊夯泼约囡罕褥商口薅咛蔟亳洄粕婪拳曲朝滦淇沫磬殳缧枵湫生炔踉剑葶矽羞醪钏剀侣郝聿塞褰搓蒲猎日觑博郭课幕析,Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. An
50、d Cultures Change.,Para.8 The third is McDonalds in India. It shows on the one hand McDonalds is clever to cater to Indian demand, on the other hand the resourcefulness and resilience of American and Indian cultures. When such unexpected things happen, it is right for the author to call cultures unpredictable.,
