1、牛津版八年级(8B)Unit 1,Grammar,Unit 1 Past and present,一、现在完成时的含义,现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态, 其结果和现在有联系, 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在; 也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。,The Present Perfect Tense (现在完成时),past,present,Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born.,Eddie has lived with Millie for four years.,past,present,4 years,Eddie
2、was born four years ago.,二、现在完成时的构成,现在完成时的肯定句 句型:主语 (第一、二人称单、复数) + have +过去分词,We have lived in Nanjing for 10 years.,e.g. I have finished my report.,主语(第三人称复数) + have + 过去分词e.g. They have moved away.主语(第三人称单数) + has + 过去分词e.g. He has been in Beijing for two months.,2. 现在完成时的否定句 句型主语 + have/has + not
3、 + 过去分词,e.g. I have not seen Harry Potter yet. He hasnt been to Tianjin since then.,3. 现在完成时的一般疑问句 句型 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 Have you? Has he? Yes, I have. Yes, he has. No, I havent. No, he hasnt.,三、现在分词的构成,travelled,moved,stayed,owned,learned,visited,stopped,finished,shopped,solved,A 规则动词的过去分词,B 不规则动
4、词的过去分词,thought,caught,given,made,written,put,cost,grown,hurt,run,felt,fallen,flown,had,drunk,brought,worn,sung,forgotten,kept,Complete the sentences using the present perfect tense.,They _(finish) their homework.2. Mr and Mrs Li _ (not come) back yet.3. John _(play) this computer game a few times.,h
5、avent come,have finished,has played,4. We _ (not see) that film yet.5. Mr Dong _ (repair) over ten bicycles since last Monday.6. You _ (not visit) me for a long time.,havent seen,has repaired,havent visited,Complete the conversation using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,Millie: (1)_ you
6、_(see) any exhibitions recently, Sandy?Sandy: No, I (2)_. What about you?Millie: Well, I (3)_(see) one. I saw it at the history museum last week.Sandy: Whats it about?,Have seen,have seen,havent,Millie: I (4)_(forget) the title. Its about changes in Beijing over the past century.Sandy: Oh, yes. I (5
7、)_(hear) about it.(6)_ your cousin _ (go) with you?Millie: No, he (7)_. He (8)_ (be) very busy recently.,have forgotten,have heard,Did,go,didnt,has been,Sandy: Did you enjoy the exhibition?Millie: Yes, I did. I (9)_ (learn) a lot about Beijings past and present. Its a good exhibition and I (10)_ (de
8、cide) to see it again. Do you want to go with me?Sandy: Sure. I wont miss it this time.,learnt,have decided,1. He _ (not finish) the homework yet. He will try to finish it quickly.2. My family _ (live) in Nanjing since 1996.3. _ you _ (know) him since then?,hasnt finished,has lived,Have,known,More p
9、ractice,4. They _ already _ (decide) to go to Kunming for the holiday.5. We _ (move) to the new flat since last month. 6. The girl _ (learn) English for about two years.,have,decided,have moved,has learned,7. My father went to Beijing two weeks ago. I _ (not see) him since then.8. _ Tom _ (write) le
10、tters to you recently?9. Jacks mother isnt at home. She _ (go) to the supermarket. 10. The film _ (be) on for about 20 minutes. We missed the beginning.,havent seen,Has,written,has gone,has been,如何区别现在完成时和一般过去时1. I saw the film yesterday. 我昨天看了那部电影。 I have seen the film. 我已经看过那部电影了。区别一_ 的谓语动词用动词的过去式
11、, 而 _ 的谓语基本构成是“have / has + 动词的过去分词形式”。,一般过去时,现在完成时,2. I had supper an hour ago. 我一小时前吃了晚饭。 I have just had supper. 我刚刚吃过晚饭。区别二_ 通常与表示过去确切时间的时间状语连用。例如: yesterday, last week, in 2002, an hour ago等；,一般过去时,_ 则常与just, already, ever, never等副词和these days, this week, since ., for .等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。,现在完成时,3.
12、He went to Guilin in 1998. 他在1998年去过桂林。 (这句话只说明他在过去某个时间去 过桂林。) He has never been to Guilin. 他从来没有去过桂林。 (这句话说明他没去过桂林, 而且强 调至今都没去过。),区别三_ 侧重陈述一件过去的事情, 所表示的动作或状态对现在无影响；_ 表示的动作或状态与现在有联系, 侧重强调这一动作对现在所造成的影响。,一般过去时,现在完成时,请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。,1. I have seen the play already. When _ you _ it? A. have,
13、 see B. will, see C. did, see D. did, seen2. Mr Black _ in China for five years. A. living B. has lived C. live D. is going to live,C,B,3. “Why _ she _ angry?” “Because he _ at him just now.” A. did get, shouted B. has got shouted C. did get has shouted D. has got has shouted,A,4. You _ me waiting f
14、or two hours. I _ for you since five. A. kept waited B. have kept waited C. kept have waited D. have kept have waited,C,5. The boys _ only two subjects last term, but this term they _ five. A. have, have B. had, had C. had, have D. have had, have,C,6. He _ to draw horses already. “When _ he ?”. “Las
15、t year. ” A. learned has B. learned did C. has learned has D. has learned did,D,7. Mr Black _ in China since five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live,B,8. We _ trees last Sunday. So far we _ over 3, 000 trees there. A. planted; planted B. planted; have planted C. have planted; planted D. have planted; have planted,B,9. How long _you_ the library book？ For only three days Adid; borrow Bhave; borrowed Cwere; kept Dhave; kept,D,10_ you_ the film yet? Yes，I _ it last Saturday A. Will; see; saw B. Did; see; saw C. Have; seen; have seen D. Have; seen; saw,D,
