1、必修5 Units 35,话题之十动物保护三年2考 2011重庆某国际动物关爱协会面向全球中学生招募“动物代言人”，希望申请者选择一种自己喜欢的动物，为之代言(speak for)。假设你是重庆新华中学的学生李华，有意参与该活动。,表示有意参加 说明自己富有爱心、关爱动物 打算为何种动物代言，并说明理由 希望申请成功 词数100左右。,I am a student from Xinhua Middle School in Chongqing, China. I have just learned that the International association which shows lo
2、ving concern for animals will raise spokesmen speaking for animals from the middle school students all over the world. I am kind-hearted and take great interest in caring for animals. I would like to apply for the position. I tend to speak for dogs. Firstly, dogs are our devoted friends, who bring u
3、s large quantities of happiness and comfort.,Secondly, not only are they our soul-to-soul partners in daily life, but they are of vital importance to ecological environment. So it is obvious that to love dogs is to love ourselves. I would appreciate it if you give my application your favorable consi
4、deration. With all my best regards. Yours truly, Li Hua,1. 文章段落清晰，结构明了。第一段介绍自己并说明目的希望当动物代言人。下面两段分别叙述了所选动物狗的原因。2. 全文行文流畅，使用词汇恰当。高级词汇和短语：show loving concern for. . . , raise, take great interest in, apply for, devoted, favorable consideration等。高级句型：not only. . . but (also). . . , be of vital importanc
5、e to. . . , it is obvious that. . . , I would appreciate it if. . . 等。,【佳作习得】翻译句子句型：not only. . . but also. . . 用于倒装句式这部电影不仅有趣，而且还给我们上了宝贵的一课。Not only is the film so enjoyable, but also it gives us a valuable lesson.,写作提升（五）应用文（二） 通知、留言条等也是高考书面表达考查重点之一，是书信的一种形式，不过格式简单，内容简短，写作时应注意：内容简明扼要，文字简洁明了，讲清谁写的，
6、写给谁，什么事（时间、地点、事件等）以及什么时候写的等。,今年是512 地震四周年，你班将举办纪念活动。作为班长，请你草拟一份有关活动的口头通知。注意：1. 内容包括表格内的全部要点； 2. 词数在100120; 3. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：commemorative: 纪念的 compatriot: 同胞,May I have your attention please? As we know, May 12th, 2012 is the 4th anniversary of the 512 earthquake. _,【审题谋篇】 1. 本篇为通知，为生活中常见文体，目的
7、为通知同学了解有关纪念活动的事宜。 2. 人称：第二人称为主 3. 时态：一般现在时和一般将来时 4. 写作要点： 活动目的 同学们在活动中要做的事情 点明活动时间及参加人员,【常用模板】 . 格式模板 开头：May I have your attention please? As we know, . . . 正文：Our class will hold. . . You can choose to do . . . 结束语：Hoping all the classmates. . . Thats all. Thank you!,. 句式模板1. 陈述“活动目的”These activiti
8、es aim at . . . /are aimed at. . . We hold these activities in order to. . . /for the purpose of. . . We intend to . . . by holding these activities.,2. 擅长做某事be good at（doing） sth. do well in （doing） sth. have a gift for sth. 3. 积极参加活动take an active part in these activitiesbe active in these activit
9、ies,【尝试运用】1. 我们也要展示灾后重建取得的重大成就。 Well display the great achievements. They were made in post-disaster reconstruction as well. （用过去分词合并句子） Well display the great achievements made in post-disaster reconstruction as well. 2. 你可以写一篇文章，表示你对来自全国的帮助的感激。 You may write an essay to show how you appreciate the
10、 help from all over China.,3. 你可以设计一堂感恩的主题班会。 You may design a theme class meeting to show our gratitude to those peoples help. （用定语从句改写句子） You may design a class meeting whose theme is to show our gratitude to those who have helped us.,【佳文点睛】 May I have your attention please? _ we know, May 12th, 2
11、012 is the 4th anniversary of the 512 earthquake. Our class will hold commemorative activities from July 15 to July 20. These activities aim at cherishing the memories of the victim compatriots. _, we want to take this opportunity to thank the whole nation for their selfless help _ display the great
12、 achievements made in post-disaster reconstruction as well. Hopefully you can choose to do any of the,Besides,As,and,following activities. You may write an essay to show how you appreciate the help from all over China. And you may choose to draw a picture of the disaster area taking on a new look. _
13、, you may design a class meeting whose theme is to show our gratitude to those who have helped us. Hoping all the classmates will be active in these activities. Thats all. Thank you!,Whats,more,假设你是李华，星期天你们班同学要去敬老院参加义务劳动，你去找李明告诉他这件事，但他不在家，你给他留言说明要求，内容如下： （1）9：30在学校门口集合； （2）带劳动工具（洗衣粉、理发工具、除草工具等）； （3）
14、自带午饭，骑自行车前往。,注意： （1）词数100120； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Li Ming，_Li Hua,【参考范文】Dear Li Ming, This Sunday well go to the nursing home and do some voluntary work. You were out when I dropped in on you today. Therefore, I have to leave a message to you. According to what our monitor said, well meet at the
15、 gate of our school at 9: 30 a. m. and set out together by bike. So you should take your bike and dont forget to take some washing powder, barber tools and weeding tools so that we can help the,aged there wash their clothes, cut their hair and get rid of some weed in the garden. At last, you should
16、remember to take some food for lunch because well stay and chat with them at noon. Li Hua,特殊句式（倒装，省略，强调） 高考题对特殊句式的考查主要集中在倒装、省略、强调上，不过近几年也出现了考查祈使句、感叹句和反意疑问句的题目。在复习时应着重注意以下几个方面：1. 熟记倒装的用法；2. 掌握强调句的构成，并熟知其与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的区别；3. 掌握省略句的用法，尤其是状语从句中的省略规则；4. 掌握反意疑问句的特殊情况；5. 了解感叹句的七种句型结构。,1. 2011全国卷, 28Only w
17、hen he reached the tea-house _ it was the same place hed been in last year. A. he realized B. he did realizeC. realized he D. did he realize【解析】选D。考查倒装。当only后跟状语并位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即把助动词放在主语的前面。此处only后跟时间状语从句when he reached the tea-house并位于句首，所以用部分倒装。故选D。,2. 2011重庆, 32Have you seen the film Under the Ha
18、wthorn Tree? Of course, I have. It was in our village _ it was made. A. that B. where C. when D. which【解析】选A。考查强调句。句意：你看过电影山楂树之恋吗？当然看过了，这部电影就是在我们村拍摄的。原句为It was made in our village. 该句是对地点状语进行强调，在强调句中，只有强调人时，才可以用who, 否则一律用that，故选A。,3. 2011江苏, 33It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.
19、_, wed better take it to the garage immediately. A. Otherwise B. If notC. But for that D. If so【解析】选D。考查省略结构。句意：听起来好像汽车引擎出故障了。如果这样的话，我们最好立即把它送到汽修厂。otherwise否则，要不然；if not如果不这样的话；but for that要不是因为那样；if so如果这样的话。根据句意可知D项符合句意。,4. 2011上海，30It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party, _? A. doesnt
20、 it B. does itC. dont they D. do they【解析】选B。考查反意疑问句。句意：他们是否想来参加你的聚会无关紧要，是吗？对“It doesnt matter if+从句”句型进行反意疑问，需要针对主句进行反问，故选B。,5. 2011福建，29 Its nice. Never before _ such a special drink! Im glad you like it. A. I have had B. I hadC. have I had D. had I【解析】选C。考查部分倒装。句意：太好了。我以前从没喝过如此特别的饮料！我很高兴你喜欢它。表示否定意
21、义的词，如：never, hardly, no, not等放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。而本题所考查的时态是强调对现在的影响，故用现在完成时，选C。,6. 2011辽宁, 33_ a strange plant! Ive never seen it before. A. Which B. What C. How D. Whether【解析】选B。考查感叹句的引导词。句意：多么稀奇的一种植物！我以前从未见过。根据后面的“！”可知此句为感叹句，要用what或how来引导。此句构成了what +a/an+形容词+可数名词单数的句型，如用how引导，此句要改为How strange the plant
22、 is!,7. 2011陕西, 23It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _ benefits our work most. A. who B. whichC. that D. what【解析】选C。考查强调句型。句意：不是我们做了多少而是我们在所做的事情中投入了多少的爱才真正对我们的工作有益。本句强调主语。,8. 2011重庆, 28I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, _ ? A. could he B. didnt IC.
23、 didnt you D. could they【解析】 选B。考查反意疑问句。句意：我告诉过他们并不是每个人都能跑得像你那么快，难道不是吗？含有宾语从句的主从复合句，反意疑问句常与主句保持一致，本句的主句为一般过去时的肯定形式，故选B。,9. 2011四川， 15Was it on a lonely island _ he was saved one month after the boat went down？A. where B. that C. which D. what【解析】选B。考查强调句型。句意: 小船下沉一个月之后，他是在一座孤岛上获救的吗？本句是强调句，被强调部分是on a
24、 lonely island, 故选B。,10. 2010重庆，33At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _, one of the ten largest cities in China. A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing liesC. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie【解析】选A。考查倒装结构。句意：重庆中国十个最大的城市之一，位于长江和嘉陵江的交汇处。地点介词短语在句子中作状语放于句首时，句子要用完全倒装，也就是谓语动词完全
25、放在主语之前，所以选A。,表1 倒装句用法一览表,全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语之前),以here, there, out, in, up, down, away等副词开头，谓语动词多为be, come, go等，主语是名词。,副词+谓语+主语,Here are some picture books. Out rushed a cat from under the table.,以then, now, thus, such开头，谓语动词多为come, follow, begin, end, be，主语是名词。,副词+谓语+主语,Then came a new difficulty. Such w
26、as Albert Einstein, a simple but great scientist.,全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语之前),表地点的介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词为不及物动词。主语是名词。,介词短语+谓语+主语, On the top of the hill stands a temple where the old man once lived. In a lecture hall of a university in England sat a professor.,全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语之前),表语置于句首，为了保持句子平衡，以示强调，或利于上下文衔接。,介词短语形容词
27、+be+主语 分词,Outside the doctors clinic were 20 patients. Present at the meeting were experts from Europe. Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.,部分倒装(助动词,系动词be，情态动词提到主语前),only所修饰的副词、介词短语或从句位于句首作状语时,副词 介词 +助动词/系动词/Only+ 短语 情态动词+主语 状语 +谓语其他部分 从句, Only then did I realize the importance of ma
28、thematics. Only in this way can you solve this problem. Only after he finished the work did he leave.,部分倒装（助动词,系动词be，情态动词提到主语前）,含有否定意义的副词或介词短语(not, never, seldom, little, hardly, by no means, not until, on no condition, in no case, under no circumstances)位于句首时,否定副词或介词短语+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他部分,Not a
29、single mistake did he make. Never before have I seen such a moving film.,部分倒装（助动词，系动词be，情态动词提到主语前）,hardly. . . when, no sooner. . . than, not only. . . but (also)等引导两个分句时，如果hardly, no sooner, not only位于句首，前一个分句用部分倒装，后一个分句不变。,Hardly/No sooner/Not only+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他部分+when/than/but also+分句, No
30、sooner had the bell rung than the teacher came in. Not only was he forced to stay home, but also he had to do his homework.,部分倒装（助动词，系动词be，情态动词提到主语前）,so. . . that中的so位于句首时,So+adj. /adv. +系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他部分+that从句,So small was the market that I could hardly see it. So clearly does he speak Englis
31、h that he can always make himself understood.,so/neither/nor置于句首，意为“也”或“也不”表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时,so/neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,I went there yesterday, so did she. Tom doesnt like bananas, neither/nor do I.,部分倒装（助动词，系动词be，情态动词提到主语前）,though/as引导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管”，通常把句中状语、表语或动词提前；若表语是名词，其前不用冠词。,状语表语 +thou
32、gh/as+ 主谓结构 动词,Child as/though he is, he knows a lot. Object as you may, I will go.,部分倒装（助动词，系动词be，情态动词提到主语前）,当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were或should等时，如将if省略，则要将had, were或should等移到主语之前,Had/Were/Should+主语+谓语其他部分+主句,Had I attended the meeting, I would have met Jim.,特别提醒,1. there, here, now, then, up, down, i
33、n, away, off, out等副词置于句首，但主语为人称代词时，不用倒装。,Here you are. Then he left. Away they hurried.,2. only修饰主语时，不能倒装。,Only he knows the secret.,3. 若两个主语一致时，则表示同意以上观点，不能倒装，此时so表示“的确如此”。,He looks young. So he does.,特别提醒,4. 当前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时，通常用“so it is with. . . ”或“it is the same with. . . ”,Tom likes sing
34、ing, but he doesnt like dancing. So it is with Mary.,5. Neither. . . , nor. . . “不，也不”，连接两个并列分句时，这两个并列分句都用倒装结构。,Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.,表2 省略句用法一览表,宾语从句,由which, when, where或how引导的宾语从句中与主句重复的主语及谓语可全部或部分省略，只保留一个连接代词或连接副词。,He will come back, but he doesnt know when(he will come ba
35、ck).,引导宾语从句的从属连词that可省略。但及物动词后跟两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可省略。,He told me(that) she was a beautiful girl and that she was clever.,Im afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答语，后面so与not分别等于肯定和否定，宾语从句可省略。,Do you think it will rain? I hope not(that it will not rain).,定语从句,在限制性定语从句中，关系代词that, w
36、hich, whom充当宾语，而且前面无介词时可省略。关系代词在从句中作表语时也可省略。,He lost the watch (that/which)I bought yesterday.,关系副词when, where, why有时也可省略。,Thats the very reason (why)I want to go abroad.,the way, the time后的定语从句，常省略关系词。,I dont like the way(that/in which) he speaks to others. I dont know the time(when) he arrived.,状语
37、从句,当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it且从句谓语中有be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。,Please come here as soon as (it is)possible. She wont come to the party unless(she is)invited. Though (they were) tired, they went on walking.,虚拟语气,在虚拟条件句中，如含有had, were, should等助动词，if可省略，句子要用倒装。,Were I (=If I were) twenty now, I would join
38、the army.,动词不定式,不定式符号to的省略,感官动词或使役动词（如feel, see, hear, notice, let, make, have等）后接不定式作宾语补足语时省略to。,I heard someone sing in the next room.,在do nothing but, cant help but, why not, would rather. . . than. . . ; prefer to do. . . rather than. . . 等句型中省略to。,He did nothing but wait all the time. Rather th
39、an ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.,动词不定式,不定式省略,使用不定式符号to来代替不定式后被省略的动词，常在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等的后边。,I asked him to see the film, but he didnt want to.,在某些形容词glad, happy, pleased, delighted等后面。,Will
40、you join in the game? Id be glad to.,如果不定式中含有be, have, have been, 通常保留be, have和have been。,Are you a sailor? No, but I used to be.,表3 强调句用法一览表,强调句,It is/was. . . that/who可以对除谓语以外的成分进行强调。当强调部分为“人”时，可用that或who, 其他情况下用that。,It was him that we met at the school gate.,在强调句中，当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应和其主语在人称和数上保持一致。,
41、It is White and Betty who often do good deeds for the old lady. It is only I who/that am willing to go to see the film.,强调句,如果原句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，强调句结构须用： It is. . . that/who. . . ; 如原句的谓语动词是过去时态，则其结构须用It was. . . that/who. . . 。,It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. What is it that yo
42、u want me to do?,“not. . . until. . . ”句型的强调结构为“It is/was not until. . . that. . . ”。,It was not until 11 oclock last night that he went to bed.,强调句,强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分,Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?,强调句的特殊疑问句句型为：疑问词+is/was+it +that/who. . . ? 。,Where was
43、it that you met Jack yesterday?,谓语动词的强调,do/does/did+动词原形,Do come here this evening.,“never+助动词do”也常用来表示强调。一般意为“从来没有，绝不”。,I never did like her, you know.,表4 强调句型与其他从句的辨析,与主语从句的区别,强调句型去掉It is/was. . . that. . . 之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句却不能。,It is there that accidents often happen. （强调句）It is a fact that Engli
44、sh is being accepted as an international language. （主语从句）,与定语从句的区别,强调句中that 没有意义，且不作任何成分，而定语从句中that为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。,It is novels that Miss William enjoys reading. (强调句)It is a question that needs careful consideration. (定语从句),与状语从句的区别,强调句型去掉It is/was. . . that后，结构完整，而It is. . . when. . . 中，it指代时间。,
