1、Unit 5Nelson Mandela a modern hero,词海拾贝,难句剖析,理解诱思,【文章导语】Nelson Mandela was the most famous pacifist in Africa,even in the world in the 1990s.He was finally elected the first black president of South Africa and won great reputation and was honoured as “the Global President”.纳尔逊曼德拉是20世纪90年代非洲乃至世界政坛上一位
2、最耀眼的和平主义者。他最终当选为南非历史上第一位黑人总统,享有崇高的声誉,被誉为“全球总统” 。,词海拾贝,难句剖析,理解诱思,Nelson MandelaNelson Mandela,born near Transkei,South Africa on July 18,1918,was one of the great political leaders in the world.His lifelong efforts to the fight against racial oppression in his country won him the 1993 Nobel Peace Pri
3、ze.,词海拾贝,难句剖析,理解诱思,He was educated at University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand and qualified in law.He joined the African National Congress (ANC)in 1944.In 1961 the ANC considered his advice on the use of violent actions and agreed that those members who wished to involve themselv
4、es in Mandelas movement would not be stopped from doing so by ANC.In 1962 Mandela was arrested and in 1964 he was sentenced to prison for life.From 1964 to 1982,he was kept at Robben Island Prison.,词海拾贝,难句剖析,理解诱思,During his years in prison,Nelson Mandelas reputation grew.He was widely accepted as th
5、e most important black leader in South Africa.He was set free on February 11,1990.After being released from prison,he devoted himself to his lifes work,trying to achieve the goals he and others had set out almost four decades earlier.In 1991,Mandela was elected President of the ANC.In 1993,Nelson Ma
6、ndela won the Nobel Peace Prize.In 1994,he became President of South Africa.He died of illness on December 5,2013.,词海拾贝,难句剖析,理解诱思,译文:纳尔逊曼德拉纳尔逊曼德拉,1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰斯凯附近,他是世界上伟大的政治领袖之一。他一生致力于与国家的种族压迫作斗争,这使得他获得了1993年诺贝尔和平奖。他在福特尔大学和维特沃特斯兰德大学接受教育,并获得律师资格。他在1994年加入了非洲国民大会(非国大)。1961年非国大接受了他使用暴力的提议,同时表示非国大将
7、不阻止那些希望参加曼德拉运动的成员们。1962年曼德拉被捕,1964年他判终身监禁。从1964年到1982年,他一直被关在罗本岛监狱。,词海拾贝,难句剖析,理解诱思,在坐牢期间,纳尔逊曼德拉的名声越来越大。他被公认为南非最重要的黑人领袖。纳尔逊曼德拉在1990年2月11日被释放。释放后,他致力于他毕生的事业,努力实现将近40年他和其他人所制定的目标。1991年曼德拉当选为非国大主席。1993年,纳尔逊曼德拉获得诺贝尔和平奖。1994年,他当选为南非总统。2013年12月5日,他因病去世。,词海拾贝,难句剖析,理解诱思,racial /reIl/ adj.种族的oppression /pren/
8、 n.压迫的 qualified /kwlIfaId/ adj.有资格的;得到许可的involve /Invlv/ vt. 使参与reputation /repjuteIn/ n.名声;名誉decade /dekeId/ n.十年 president /prezIdnt/ n.主席,董事长,总统,词海拾贝,难句剖析,理解诱思,After being released from prison,he devoted himself to his lifes work,trying to achieve the goals he and others had set out almost four
9、decades earlier.译文:释放后,他致力于他毕生的事业,努力实现将近40年他和其他人所制定的目标。剖析:本句是一个复合句。其中After引导的是一个时间状语从句;在主句中v.-ing短语trying to achieve.作伴随状语;he and others had set out almost four decades earlier 是一个定语从句,修饰先行词the goals。,词海拾贝,难句剖析,理解诱思,1.How old was Nelson Mandela when he joined the ANC?答案:He was 26 years old. 2.How ma
10、ny years was Mandela kept at Robben Island Prison?答案:Eighteen years.3.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Mandela was a great and brave man.B.Mandela was treated badly in his country.C.Mandela supported the people all over the world.D.Mandela was welcomed by all the people.答案:A,Section Warming U
11、p,Pre-reading,Reading & Comprehending,一,二,三,四,五,一、写作词汇预习Reading部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语篇。1.What (品质)do you think Mr Wang has?He is hard-working,friendly,determined,generous and so on.2.The man is often praised by his boss,isnt he?Yes.He is (专心)to his work.3.How can I make friends with others?You should be (活
12、跃的)in group activities(活动).4.I have been (失业)for about two months. Im sorry to heart that.,qualities,devoted,active,out of work,一,二,三,四,五,5.Mrs Li is a kind woman.(事实上),when others are (处于困境),she is ready to help them.Besides,she treats all the people (平等地).And sometimes when I come across difficult
13、ies,I (求助于)her for help.A week ago,she was (选举)as the kindest person in my village.I decide to learn from her and become a kind person.,As a matter of/In fact,in trouble,equally,turn to,elected,一,二,三,四,五,二、阅读词汇预习Reading部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思。Since the Peoples Republic 1. of China was founded 2. in 1949,i
14、t has been developing all the time.All the Chinese people do their best to make China a peaceful 3.,beautiful,strong country.As a middle school student who joined Youth League 4. three years ago,I am willing 5. to work hard for my countrys future.,共和国,建立,和平的/安宁的,青年团,乐意的/自愿的,一,二,三,四,五,While-reading三、
15、阅读ELIAS STORY,选择正确答案1.This text is mainly about .A.a black man named Elias and his hard life in South AfricaB.Mr Mandelas life-long struggle for the black peoples rightsC.Elias description of his contact with Mr MandelaD.the deep friendship between Elias and Mr Mandela,答案:C,一,二,三,四,五,2.Elias had to
16、leave school when he was quite young because .A.he couldnt catch up with other students in his studyB.his home was too far away from schoolC.his family was too poor to pay the money needed for his studyD.he wanted to work with Mr Mandela eagerly3.Was Elias happy to help blow up some government build
17、ings?A.No,because he disliked violence.B.Yes,because he wanted to thank Mr Mandela for his help.C.No,because he thought he might be caught and put into prison.D.Yes,because making black and white people equal was his dream.,答案:C,答案:D,一,二,三,四,五,4.From Mr Mandelas saying,we can get a conclusion that .
18、A.Mr Mandela wanted to break the law in a violent way in the beginningB.black people had been given more rightsC.black people should rise up to fight for their own rights after years of being ruledD.they could force the government to give up easily,答案:C,一,二,三,四,五,Post-reading四、阅读ELIAS STORY,回答下列问题Ho
19、w many parts can the text be divided into?Give the general idea of each part.答案:Two parts.Part :(Paras.1-2)The life of Elias before he met Nelson Mandela.Part :(Paras.3-5)The change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela did.,一,二,三,四,五,五、阅读ELIAS STORY,说出下列句子代表了曼德拉的什么品质1.He offere
20、d guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.2.He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg.答案:1.Helpful.2.Kind and intelligent.,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1.And what qualities does a great person have?(P33)一个伟人有什么样的品质?考点:quality n. 质量;品质;性质【高考典句】(2015天津高考) The
21、 quality of education in this small school is better than that in some larger schools.这所小学校的教育质量比一些规模较大的学校好多了。Quality often matters more than quantity.质量往往比数量更重要。Modesty is one of his good qualities.谦虚是他的美德之一。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出quality的词组及含义。Our products are of high quality.我们的
22、产品是高质量的。词组:of high quality含义:高质量,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1)quality相对应的是quantity(数量)2)quality作为“特点;品质”讲时,为可数名词;作为“质量”讲时,为不可数名词。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,2.active(P33) 积极的;活跃的考点:active adj. 积极的;活跃的【高考典句】(2015广东高考)As our society grows old,we need the contribution of our older citizens.With long li
23、ves ahead of them,they need to stay active and be devoted.随着我们的社会老龄化,我们需要这些老年公民们的贡献。前面还有很长的寿命,他们需要保持积极的心态和奉献的精神。Play with them outside,and be active.和他们进行室外活动,要积极点。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出active的词组及含义。She has taken an active part in all past contests.她积极参加历次比赛。词组:take an active pa
24、rt in含义:积极参加Although he is old,he is active in politics.尽管他年龄大了,但仍活跃在政坛上。词组:be active in含义:积极于I dont know whether this mountain is an active volcano.我不知道这座山是否是一座活火山。词组:active volcano含义:活火山,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,Can you tell me something about active voice?你能告诉我一些关于主动语态的事情吗?词组:active voice含义:主动语
25、态2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义。The club provides a wide variety of activities including tennis,swimming and squash.这家俱乐部提供丰富多彩的活动,诸如网球、游泳、壁球等。词性:名词含义:活动Ive never been an activist before.我以前从来都不是个积极分子。词性:名词含义:积极分子,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,Your proposal is being actively considered.你的建议正在被积极考虑。词性:副词含义:积极地/活跃
26、地He did not act upon my order.他没有按我的命令行动。词性:动词含义:行动 Excellence,then,is not an act,but a habit.因此,优秀不是一种行为,而是一种习惯。词性:名词含义:行为,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,active用法归纳:take an active part in 积极参加be active in 积极于active volcano 活火山active voice 主动语态activist n. 积极分子actively adv. 积极地,活跃地act v. 行动n. 行为,1,2,3,4,
27、5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,3.A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.(P33)伟人是把自己的人生致力于帮助别人的人。剖析:本句是一个复合句,其中who devotes his/her life to helping others是一个定语从句,修饰先行词someone。Are you ready to help those who are in trouble?你乐意帮助那些处于困境的人吗?,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1
28、0,11,12,考点:devote vt. (与to连用) 献身;专心于【高考典句】(2015四川高考)The emotional,physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending,but children are also sources of great joy and happiness.妈妈在孩子身上投入的情感、体力和精神精力是无止境的,但孩子也是妈妈巨大的快乐和幸福的源泉。Mr Wei decided to devote his whole life to the cause
29、 of teaching.魏先生决心把一生献给教育事业。When I came into his office,Mr Brown was devoting himself to reading newspapers.当我走进布朗先生的办公室时,他在专心看报纸。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出devote的宾语形式。The young man devoted himself to science.这个年轻人致力于科学。宾语形式:反身代词oneselfI have devoted my time/energy/money/life to agr
30、iculture.我已把我的时间/精力/金钱/生命投入到农业中去了。宾语形式:ones time/energy/money/life,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,2)阅读下列句子,指出devote的词组及含义。Whatever we do,we should be devoted to (doing) our work.不论我们干什么,我们都应该专心于我们的工作。词组:be devoted to (doing) sth含义:专心于;致力于She is devoted to her husband.她深爱她的丈夫。词组:be devoted to sb含义:对某人忠心/
31、深爱某人,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,devote用法归纳:devote是及物动词,常用ones time /energy /money /life /oneself等作宾语。be devoted to (doing)sth专心(做)某事be devoted to sb对某人忠心;深爱某人devotion n.献身;奉献;热爱devoted adj.专心的;忠实的;深爱的devotedly adv.忠实地;一心一意地,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1
32、1,12,4.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.(P34)第一次见到纳尔逊曼德拉的时候, 是我一生中非常艰难的时期。剖析:本句是一个定语从句,when引导的是一个定语从句,修饰先行词The time。【高考典句】(2015陕西高考)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent.作为家中最小的孩
33、子,阿莱克斯总是渴望自己能够独立的日子。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,The time when she studied in the United States was the nicest period for her.她在美国学习的那段时间对她来说是最美好的时期。考点:period n. C一段时间,时期All these changes happened over a period of time.所有这些变化都是在一段时间内发生的。There were many important events in/during this period.在这一时期发生了许
34、多重大的事件。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,period词组归纳:a period of time 一段时间in/during this period 在这一时期,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,5.Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there,and I worried about whether I would become out of work.(P34)糟糕的是我没有身份证,因为我不是在那里出生的,我担心我是否会失业。剖析
35、:本句是由and连接的两个并列句,在第一个分句中,because引导的是一个原因状语从句;在第二个分句中,whether引导的是一个介词宾语从句,此时不能用if来替换。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,考点:out of work 失业He was out of work when the factory closed.他在工厂倒闭后失业了。Out of work for almost a year,he finally found one.失业都快一年了,他终于找到了一份工作。考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出be out of work和lose ones job/work的
36、不同用法。He lost his job/work three years ago,which means he has been out of work for three years.他三年前失业了,这意味他失业三年了。用法:lose ones job/work表示“失业”,侧重失业的动作;而be out of work表示“失业”,侧重失业的状态。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,out词组归纳:out of order 混乱;发生故障out of control失去控制out of date过时out of patience失去耐心out of mind心不在焉o
37、ut of breath气喘吁吁out of reach够不着out of danger脱离危险,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,6.Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.(P34)(当时)黑人无权投票或选择自己的领导人。考点:vote vt.表决【高考典句】(2013福建高考)It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social sk
38、ills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.它真的帮助我提高自信心和社交技能,也提高了我的分数。八月份我被选为学校进步最大的学生。There are 52 votes for Mr Williams,and 3 against.52票支持威廉姆斯先生,3票反对。The plan was passed by 6 votes to 3.这项计划以6票对3票通过。,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出vote的词组及含义。T
39、he chairman asked us to vote on the bill.主席要我们对议案进行表决。词组:vote on含义:对进行表决Many of us vote for/against the plan.我们许多人投票赞成/反对这个计划。词组:vote for/against含义:投票赞成/反对,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,Your proposal has been voted through/down.你的提议被投票通过/否决。词组:vote through/down含义:投票通过/否决The whole nation will vote to el
40、ect the new president tomorrow.明天全民将投票选举新总统。词组:vote to do sth含义:投票做某事,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,vote词组归纳:vote on 对进行表决vote for/against 投票赞成/反对vote through/down 投票通过/否决vote to do sth 投票做某事,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,6,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,12,7.We chose to attack the laws.(P34)我们选择向法律进攻。考点:attack vt
41、. 进攻;攻击;抨击【高考典句】(2014江西高考)Anyone traveling in the park has to go in a car because wild animals may fiercely attack people.任何在公园里旅行的人都必须坐车前去,因为野生动物可能会凶猛地攻击人。The disease began to attack his lungs.疾病开始侵袭他的肺部。All of them attacked that governments new policy.他们都抨击了那个政府的新政策。,6,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,12,【高考
42、典句】(2015安徽高考) When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying,it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.作为一种防御系统,当一只蚂蚁遭到进攻或快要死亡的时候,它会发出警告外激素来告诫蚁群为冲突做准备。考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出attack的词组及含义。He got a serious heart attack.他得了严重的心脏病。词组:heart attack含义:心脏病,6
43、,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,12,The writer made an attack on/against the company.那位作家抨击了那家公司。词组:make an attack on/against含义:对发动进攻/抨击When did they begin to launch an attack?他们什么时候开始发起进攻?词组:launch an attack含义:发起进攻The city was under attack.那座城市正遭到攻击。词组:under attack含义:遭到攻击/袭击The air attack killed many people,
44、including some children.那次空袭造成许多人死亡,其中包括一些儿童。词组:air attack含义:空袭,6,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,12,attack词组归纳:make an attack on/against对发动进攻/抨击launch an attack发起进攻under attack遭到攻击/袭击air attack空袭,6,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,12,7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12,8.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
45、(P34)只有到这个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。考点:“only+状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句)”置于句首构成的倒装句型Only then did we begin to work hard.直到那时我们才开始努力工作。Only in this way can you learn English well.只有用这种方法你才能学好英语。,7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12,【高考典句】(2015天津高考) Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the cont
46、ract at home.直到莉莉走进办公室,她才意识到自己把合同落在家里了。【高考典句】(2015湖南高考)Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.只有和两个同学谈话后,我才发现有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素之一。,考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出only的用法。Only one student passed the exam.只有一个学生考试及格。用法:“only+名词”置于句
47、首时,句子不倒装。,7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12,2)阅读下列句子,指出not only.but also.的用法。Not only does he study well,but also he is ready to help others.他不仅学习好,而且还乐于助人。用法1:not only.but also.连接两个句子时,not only紧跟的分句要用部分倒装语序。Not only you but also he gets up early every morning.不但你而且他每天早上起床都很早。用法2:not only.but also.连接两个并列主语
48、时,谓语动词采取就近原则,不用倒装语序。,7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12,7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12,8,9,7,6,5,1,2,3,4,10,11,12,9.As a matter of fact,I do not like violence.but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.(P34)事实上,我并不喜欢暴力但是在1963年的时候,我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。考点一:as a matter of fact 事实上;实际上【高考典句】(2014浙江高考)Theres no reason to be disappointed.As a matter of fact,this could be rather amusing.没有理由失望。事实上,这可能是非常有趣的。Mrs Li looks young,but as a matter of fact,she is over sixty.李夫人看上去年轻,但实际上她六十多岁了。,
