1、成才之路 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版 选修8,Pygmalion,Unit 4,Unit 4,Section Warming up; Prereading, Reading & Comprehending,词汇过关1音意记忆(1)_(n)情节；阴谋(2)_(vi)吹口哨；发出汽笛声；(n)口哨声； 汽笛声(3)_(n)皮夹； 钱包(4)_(adj)光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的,plotwhistlewalletbrilliant,(5)_(vt)把分类；把归类(6)_(n)谈论；言论；评述(vt& vi)谈论；评论；说起(7)_(vt)谴责；使注定(8)_(n)身份；地位；
2、职位,classifyremarkcondemnstatus,2形意记忆(1)adapt (vt)改编；使适应_ (n)适应(性)；改编本(2)wool (n)毛线；绒线_ (adj) 毛纺的；纯毛的(3)uncomfortable (adj) 不舒服的；不安的；不自在的_ (adv)不舒服地；不自在地,adaptationwool(l)enuncomfortably,(4)hesitate (vi) 犹豫；踌躇_(n)踌躇(5)trouble (n)麻烦_ (adj)带来麻烦的；使人心烦的(6)proper (adj)适当的；恰当的_ (adv)适当地；恰当地(7)mistake (n) 错
3、误_ (adj)(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的,hesitationtroublesomeproperlymistaken,短语自查1(把某人)改变或冒充成_2结识；与相见_3一般来说_4就来说；从角度_5in all directions_6hand over _7a handful of_8in disguise_9in amazement_,pass.off as.make ones acquaintancegenerally speakingin terms of朝四面八方交出；移交少数(人或物)伪装(的)；假扮(的)震惊；惊讶,语篇理解Choose the best answers
4、 according to the text FATEFUL MEETINGS1This text is mainly about the first experience of Eliza meeting with _AProfessor HigginsBColonel PickeringCProfessor Higgins and Colonel PickeringDa gentleman,2Eliza greets to the gentleman in order to_Aask him to buy some flowers from herBtalk with himCask hi
5、m to teach herDbeg some money from him3Why dose Eliza begin to cry？ Because _Ashe thinks Professor Higgins will arrest herBthe gentleman doesnt give her any moneyCPickering beats and scolds herDthere is no reason,4Professor Higgins believes that he can judge a person by _Ahis appearanceBhis actionCh
6、is conversationDhis manners,5From the text，we can infer that Professor Higgins is a man described below EXCEPT_Ahe doesnt care about moneyBhe is an expert in phoneticsChe is proudDhe is greedy答案：15CAACD,1adaptation n改编(本)；适应(性)The TV play is an adaptation of a novel这部电视剧是由一部小说改编的。The book described
7、the adaptation of desert species to the hot conditions这本书描绘了沙漠物种对炎热环境的适应。,知识拓展(1)make an adaptation to 适应(2)adapt v(使)适应；(使)适合vt改编，修改adapt (oneself) to.适应adapt.for 为改编adapt sthinto.把改编成adapt sthfrom.由改编,This novel has been adapted for radio这部小说已被改编成无线电广播节目。Successful businesses are highly adaptable
8、to economic change成功的企业对于经济转变的适应能力很强。,活学活用(1)完成句子The vice headmaster_ _/_ _ _ _(适应)the new circumstances with the help of the local residentsLuckily，the adventurer Charlse from Italy has_ _ _(使自己适应)the new conditions答案：adapted to/make an adaptation toadapted himself to,(2)用adopt或adapt完成下列句子All his s
9、uggestions have been _The number of the _ children (领养的孩子)has risen in the past yearThis TV series is _ from one of Lao Shes famous novels答案：adoptedadoptedadapted,2grant v同意，准许，允许；承认，同意The bank finally granted a 400 loan to me/The bank finally granted me a 400 loan银行终于同意给我贷款400英镑。Are you ready to gr
10、ant that I was right？你是否愿意承认我是对的？,知识拓展take it for granted(that.) 认为是理所当然take sb/sthfor granted(因习以为常)对不予重视；(因视为当然而)不把当回事I take it for granted(that)you have read this book我认为你一定读过这本书。He never praises his wife： he just takes her for granted他从不夸妻子，只是觉得她做的一切理当如此。,活学活用用恰当词语填空I just took_for granted that
11、hed always be around答案：it句意：我还想当然地以为他总能随叫随到呢。take it for granted(that.)表示“认为是理所当然的”。,3hesitate vi犹豫；踌躇Dont hesitate about thatDo it at once！关于此事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧！I didnt hesitate for a moment about taking the job我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。,知识拓展(1)hesitate to do sth做某事犹豫不决(2)hesitation n犹豫；踌躇without hesitation 毫不犹豫地Wi
12、thout any hesitation，he jumped into the river to save the drowning child他毫不犹豫地跳下河去救溺水的孩子。,活学活用(1)完成句子他毫不犹豫地接受了邀请。He accepted the invitation _ _(hesitate)对于买新车一事，你还在犹豫不决吗？Do you still _ _ _ a new car？(buy)答案：without hesitationhesitate about buying,(2)补全句子我们将为你服务。如果你有其他问题，尽管来找我们好了。We are at your servi
13、ceDont_ _ _ _ _if you have any further problems答案：hesitate to turn to us,4mistaken adj(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的If Im not mistaken，thats the man we saw on the bus要是我没认错人的话，我们在公共汽车上看见的就是那个男子。知识拓展be mistaken about.对持错误的见解mistake.for.把错认为mistake sb/sth误解/误会某人/某事mistake n错误by mistake 错误地,He is mistaken about happ
14、iness他对幸福持有错误的见解。This time we find that the bees mistake red for dark grey or black这时我们发现，蜜蜂错把红色当成深灰色或黑色。I hope you will forgive me for opening your letter by mistake我误拆了您的信，期望您原谅。,活学活用完成句子(1)To some extent，you_ _ _(误会)him(2)Deep in thought，I got on the train_ _(错误地)(3)在过去人们把信仰错认为科学。In the old days
15、people _ _ _ _ _ _答案：(1)were mistaken about(2)by mistake(3)mistook their beliefs for the science,5classify vt编排；分类；归类The books in the library are classified by subject图书馆的书是按科目分类的。We can classify these titles into three headings我们可以将这些题目加以分类成三个主题。The government classified such people as middle peasa
16、nts政府把这样的人归类为中等农民。,知识拓展be classified into被分成be classified as被划分为classified adj分类的；归类的classification nU分类；分级；C类别；等级,图解助记,比较网站classify，sort，organize与arrange 这些动词均含“使有条理，安排”之意。(1)classify指按照事物类型、质量或是否相似进行分类。We will classify these subjects under three topics我们将把这些问题分成三个主题。(2)sort 通常指根据类型或种类分类或整理选择。I sor
17、ted the shoes into pairs我把鞋一双双整理好。,(3)organize 指按计划或需要把人或物安排组织成一个整体。A search party was organized to look for the man trapped in the snow为了寻找在雪中被困的人，我们成立了一个搜索队。(4)arrange 指按计划、秩序、需要和可能等进行安排。A special show was arranged to admit free the family members of the miners安排了一个专场来免费招待矿工家属。,活学活用(1)用classify的适当
18、形式填空People who work in libraries spend a lot of time _ booksOnly eleven of these accidents were _ as majorThe _ of fish is extremely complicatedIf you look in the _ part of the telephone book youll find plenty of hotels答案：classifyingclassifiedclassificationclassified,(2)用恰当词语填空Would you classify her
19、 novels _ serious literature or as mere entertainment？答案：as句意：你认为她的小说属于文学类呢，还是属于通俗读物类？classify sb/sthas sth表示“划分；界定”。,6remark n谈论；言论；评述vt& vi谈论；评论；说起常用表达：make a remark/remarks on/about 就发表意见；对评头品足make no remark 什么也不说；不加评论remark that 评论remark on/upon 谈论/评论,He made a number of rude remarks about the f
20、ood here关于这里的食物他做了许多无礼的评论。A local newspaper remarked that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law一家地方报纸评论说由于强有力的法律措施，车祸在减少。ProfSmith remarked on the difference between the two dictionaries史密斯教授谈到了这两本词典的不同之处。,知识拓展remarkable adj引人注目的；不寻常的；非凡的pass remarks about/at sb议论某人,活学活用完成句子(1)P
21、lease_ _/_ _ _ _(说一说/评论一下)“One World One Dream”，the theme of the Beijing Olympics(2)You might engage in small talk and_ _ /_ _ _ _(谈谈，说一说)the weather，your job or current events答案：(1)remark on/make a remark on(2)remark about/make a remark about,7betray vt出卖；背叛；显露出(本来面目)In failing to return the money
22、he betrayed our trust他未能归还那笔钱从而辜负了我们的信任。His voice betrayed the worry he was trying to hide他的声音掩盖不了他内心的担忧。His accent at once betrayed the fact that he was a foreigner他的口音立即显现出他是一个外国人的事实。,知识拓展betraysth/sbto.向出卖/背叛某事/某人betrayn(to be)/that 无意中显示；暴露betray ones country to the enemy 卖国；做卖国贼betray state sec
23、rets 泄露国家机密betray a secret to sb向某人泄露秘密betray ones trust 辜负某人的信任betray oneself 暴露本来面目；原形毕露betrayal n背叛；出卖a betrayal of my principles 对我的原则的背弃行为an act of betrayal 背叛的行为,注意：betray的用法和意思与give away相近。如：He gave away the state secrets to the enemy他向敌人泄露了国家机密。His accent gave him away他的口音把他暴露了。,活学活用完成句子(1)F
24、or years，the man has been_state secrets _ (向出卖)foreign countries(2)Quite a lot of greedy people will_ _(原形毕露)when tempted by money(3)I dont want to _ _ all my secrets(泄露)(用give的相关词组)答案：(1)betraying；to(2)betray themselves(3)give away,8condemn vt判刑；判处(某人某种刑罚)；声讨； 谴责；迫使接受困境The editor of the newspaper w
25、as condemned as lacking integrity这家报纸的主编被指责为不够正直。As an old person，one is often condemned to live alone老年人常出于无奈而独自生活。,知识拓展(1)condemn sb/sthfor sth由于某事而谴责某人或某事condemn sbto do sth某人注定要做某事condemn sbs behaviour谴责某人的举动be condemned to被宣告condemn sbto death判某人死刑,(2)condemnation n定罪；谴责；指责conditional condemnat
26、ion 缓刑social condemnation 社会谴责(3)condemnable adj该罚的；接受责备的condemned adj已被定罪的；已被定罪者使用的；受谴责的,比较网站condemn，scold，blame与accuse这些动词均含有“责备，非难”之意。(1)condemn正式用词，表示谴责，有较强的司法意味，侧重从道义或原则上的谴责。We condemn cruelty and cruel people我们谴责残忍行为和残忍的人。(2)scold普通用词，多指上级对下级、长辈对后辈或雇主对雇员的态度粗暴、言词激烈的数落。Did you scold her for brea
27、king it？她把那件东西打破了，你骂她了吗？,(3)blame普通用词，语气较弱，仅是一般的责难、归咎于，不含用语言责骂之意。She blamed him for the failure of their marriage/blamed the failure of their marriage on him她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。(4)accuse语气比blame强，本义为归罪，可用作指非难或谴责之意。Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes人类常把自己的不幸归咎于天。,活学活用(1)完成句子The criminal _ _ _ _
28、 (被判处死刑)His illness _ _ _ _ _ _(使他卧床) all the time答案：was condemned to deathcondemned him to be in bed,(2)用恰当形式填空He was condemned_(spend) the rest of the football season on the bench答案：to spend句意：他无可奈何地只得在这个足球赛季剩下的时间里作替补队员。condemn sbto sth表示“迫使接受困境(或不愉快的状况)”。,9acquaintance n相识；熟人；了解He was my closest
29、acquaintance他是我的老相识。常用搭配：make ones acquaintance结识；与相识make the acquaintance of sbhave some acquaintance with熟悉/了解have a little acquaintance with sb/sth稍微了解have no acquaintance with不熟悉/了解,Im pleased to make your acquaintance我非常高兴结识你。I have some acquaintance with the language我懂得这门语言。I had little acquai
30、ntance with modern poetry我对现代诗所知甚少。特别提示：acquaintance用作不可数名词，表“熟悉，认识”，有时在其前加不定冠词，表某种程度的熟悉与了解，与with连用；用作可数名词时，表“熟悉的人”。,知识拓展acquaint vt使熟悉；了解acquaint sbwith 使某人了解be acquainted withbe familiar with对熟悉He quickly acquainted himself with the facts of the case他很快熟悉了案情。,活学活用(1)完成句子我懂一点儿俄语。I _ _ _ _ _ _请把这件事的
31、情况告诉我。Please _ me with the facts _ the case答案：(1)had a little acquaintance with Russianacquaint； of,(2)用恰当词语填空We have been acquainted _ each other for a long time答案：withbe acquainted with.“熟悉”。句意：我们互相认识很长时间了。,10superior adj优秀的；较高的；上级的n上级；长官This handbag is made of superior leather这只手提包由上等皮革制成。Hes my
32、immediate superior他是我的顶头上司。特别提示：superior adj优秀的；较高的隐含着比较意义，没有比较等级。在与另一事物进行比较时，与之搭配的介词要用to，不能用than。,知识拓展be superior to.比优越(更好、强)be inferior to.低于；不如；在之下be senior to.比年长(资深)be junior to.比年轻(资浅)Nobody wants you to be superior to them没有人愿意你超出他们。He is senior to me他比我年长。,活学活用完成句子(1)This model is technical
33、ly_ _(优于)its competitors(2)There are some people_ _ _(级别比我低)答案：(1)superior to(2)junior to me,1bring sb/sthto life 使更有趣；使更生动The new teacher really brought French to life for us新来的老师给我们把法语教得生动活泼。Flowers can bring a dull room back to life鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。,知识拓展(1)come to life 变得活跃；动起来；醒过来(2)come around/rou
34、nd 恢复知觉；苏醒(3)come to oneself/ones senses 苏醒,活学活用(1)补全句子我们邀请特德吧有他到就会热闹起来。Lets invite Tedhe knows how to _ a party to _答案：bring；life句意：bring sb/sthto life表示“使更有趣； 使更生动”。,(2)用恰当词语或形式填空He was down at the mouth all evening，but as soon as his girl friend came in he came_life答案：to句意：他一晚上都垂头丧气，但他的女朋友一来，他就活跃
35、起来了。come to life 表示“变得更有趣(或使人兴奋)；变得活跃”。,2take.for.把看作；误认为I wont tell her the secretwhat do you take me for？我不会把这秘密告诉她的你把我当什么人了？Even the expert took the painting for a genuine of Van Gogh连专家都误认为这幅画是梵高的真迹。,知识拓展take.to be/as 把看作；误认为mistake.for.误将认作They just take me as a child他们把我当作一个孩子对待。,活学活用用恰当词语或形式填
36、空(1)I _ (take)for a detective by the family next door答案：was taken句意：隔壁那家人误认为我是一名侦探。take.for.“误认为”，符合题意。(2)She took what he said_a compliment答案：as句意：她把他的话看作是恭维话。take sth(as sth.) |take sth(to do sth)表示“领会；理解；考虑”。例如：What did you take his comments to mean？你明白他的评论是什么意思吗？,3pass.off as.(把某人)改变或冒充成She pass
37、ed herself off as an experienced actress她冒充有经验的演员。He passed his secretary off as his wife他让秘书冒充他的妻子。,知识拓展pass away去世pass by通过；经过；未影响pass for/as(错误地)被看作pass out昏过去；失去知觉pass down(世代)相传,pass on转交；递给；传给pass.on to.把传递给pass over忽略；避免提及或考虑pass up放弃；拒绝pass off进行到最后；(以某种方式)发生并完成pass through经过；路过,活学活用填入适当的介副词
38、(1)He escaped by passing himself _ as a guard(2)His mother passed _ last year because of cancer(3)I passed _ your house(4)The good tradition has been passed _ from generation to generation(5)She passed _ a difficult period after her marriage failed答案：(1)off(2)away(3)by(4)down(5)through,4in terms of
39、就来说；从角度He often talks about his girlfriend in terms of love他经常用充满爱的语言谈论他的女朋友。It was a bad year for films，in terms of both quantity and quality今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上都说不上好。The job is great in terms of salary，but it has its disadvantages就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但它也有不利之处。,知识拓展come to terms with 达成协议；和好；接受；适应be on goo
40、d/bad terms 关系良好/不好in the long/short term就长远/短期而言in ones terms在某人看来on equal terms 在平等的条件下其他由“in名词of”构成的短语：in memory of为了纪念in case of以防；万一in charge of负责；管理in face of面临；不顾,in favour of支持；有利于in need of需要in search of搜寻in possession of占有，拥有in honour of纪念，尊重in view of鉴于，考虑到in spite of尽管in praise of赞扬in pl
41、ace of代替in fear of担心，害怕,活学活用(1)完成句子就钱而论，他们很富有。_ _ _ _，theyre quite rich他多年来一直与父亲关系不好。He had been _ _ _ _ his father for years答案：In terms of moneyon bad terms with,(2)补全句子It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated_ _ _(从的角度)overall qualityLearning is not always easy，but it is always
42、beneficial_ _ _ _(从长远的角度看)This project is_ _ _ _(迫切需要)funding答案：in terms ofin the long termin great/urgent need of,5generally speaking一般来说Generally speaking，women live longer than men一般来说，女人比男人长寿。知识拓展(1)在某些结构中，如果主语和逻辑主语不一致，在非谓语动词前不带逻辑主语是因为其逻辑主语是泛指的人称。类似结构除了generally speaking还有exactly speaking/strict
43、ly speaking/to be honest/to tell you the truth等。,Judging from what you say，he ought to succeed从你的话看，他应当能成功。Taking everything into consideration，you should leave考虑到各种因素，你最好离开。,(2)当句子含有先行主语it或there时，有时作状语的分词短语可以与先行主语不一致。Having so little time，there was not much that I could do由于时间很少，我能做的事很有限。Being French，its surprising that shes such a terrible cook她是法国人，做饭却做得那么糟，这真是令人感到惊讶。,
