1、The Predicate,Unit 2 Grammar,Objectives,1. 明确谓语的概念；2. 复习动词谓语的用法；2. 辨认谓语的形式。,Have A L k,Sea captains observed the clouds over islands.In the evening nesting birds return to land and their nests.Fog gathers at sea as well as over streams or rivers.Wise seamen used the winds to direct their sailing.,We
2、 call the red words Predicates.,So the Vikings would observe the winds before and during their outward or return journeys.Nobody knew that the earth moved westwards 15 degrees every hour, but sailors did know an approximate method of calculating longitude using speed and time.,谓语表述主语的行为动作或所处的状态。通常放置
3、在主语之后。谓语的中心词是限定动词，有人称、数的变化。,及物动词不及物动词连系动词情态动词,动词可分为:,需要跟有宾语的动词叫及物动词。Children seek independence.The trial raised a number of questions.He has always liked Mr. Philips.He made the shortest speech I have ever heard.,不需要跟宾语的动词叫不及物动词。Her whole body ached.Donald was lying on the bed.Bob coughed all night.
4、,许多动词往往既是不及物动词又是及物动词。Gus asked me whether Id like to have dinner with him. I accepted. (vi.)I accepted the invitation. (vt.)He painted every day. (vi.)He painted vivid portraits of friends and acquaintances. (vt.),Father never smoked or drank all his life. (vi.)He drank a good deal of coffee. (vt.)A
5、t last she thanked them and left. (vi.)All I know is that Michael and I never left the house. (vt.),谓语大体上可以分为两类：简单谓语和复合谓语。,The plane takes off at 8 but this morning it may be delayed by the thick fogI have tried this way three times and failed three times,简单谓语,凡是由一个动词或动词短语构成，不管是什么时态、语态、语气，都是简单谓语。,飞机
6、八点起飞，但今天早晨可能会被大雾耽搁。,我用这种方法试了三次，失败了三次。,复合谓语有两类：第一类是由情态动词+动词原型或动词不定式与另外的词构成；第二类是由“系动词+表语”构成。,复合谓语,I would like to invite all my friends tothe get-together.,我想邀请我所有的朋友去参加聚会。,The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer.,天气变的暖了，白天变的长了。,意义一致原则、语法一致原则和邻近原则。这三个原则常常发生矛盾，但当发生冲突时，意义一致原则为优先考虑的原则。,英语中的主谓一致主
7、要遵循三个原则：,主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。,语法一致原则,1. Mr Black is a well-known scientist on AIDS2. These books are intended for children under nine years old,布莱克先生是著名艾滋病科学家。,这些书是专门为九岁以下的儿童设计的。,The old are very well taken care ofin our city,意义一致原则,意义一致原则是指谓语动词的变化是以主语所表达的单、复数
8、概念而定。,(the old指所有的老年人，指一类人，指复数概念) 老年人在我们城市被照顾得很好。,邻近一致原则是指谓语动词的变化是以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定。,邻近一致原则,Not Jack but his parents are to blamefor the home accident,(根据靠近谓语的主语his parents而定)不是杰克而是他父母应为这个家庭事故受到责备。,1 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。,谓语需用单数的几种情形,a Each of us has a tape-
9、recorder.b There is something wrong with my watch.,The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.,2 当主语是一本书或一条格言时， 谓语动词常用单数。,一千零一夜是被英语爱好者所熟知的一本书。,3 表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变),Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.,Underline the predica
10、tes in the sentences.,1. James Cook was a great English navigator and Pacific Ocean expedition leader.2. He had not only an outstanding ability in navigation and exploration, but also a real concern for sailors health. He carried out compulsory dietary reforms that were copied by many other ship cap
11、tains.,3. He had led three great Pacific voyages during his life.4. In his first Pacific voyage in 1769, James Cook rounded Cape Horn, then spent six months charting New Zealand, and finally explored and claimed possession of eastern Australia.,5. In 1772, Captain Cook set sail to look for a “theori
12、zed great southern continent”. Although they could not manage to reach the Antarctic owing to the ice, he predicted that if it did exist, it would have to be a wasteland.,6. In 1776, Captain cook started his third Pacific voyage, searching for the Northwest Passage from the Pacific Ocean to the Atla
13、ntic Ocean. Unfortunately, he was killed in a dispute with Hawaiian natives and his mens attempt at the Northwest Passage was unsuccessful. However, this voyage is still recognized as especially significant in the history of the discovery of the west coast of North America.,At last, we found ourselv
14、es in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunchA. sitting B. having sat C. to sit D. sat,考点分析：,答案解析：本题考查并列谓语的选择。found与sat down应为并列谓语，而其余各项均为非谓语动词形式不能单独作谓语，解题时务必注意并列连词的作用。,Professor Smith, along with his assistants, _ on the project day and night to meet the deadli
15、ne. A. work B. working C. is working D. are working,答案解析：本题考查主谓一致用法。当“主语 + along with / with / together with + n. / pron. ” 结构作主语时。其谓语动词的单复数应与主语保持一致。 因Professor Smith作主语，故应用单数谓语动词is working。,Review,复习谓语：1. 谓语的定义；2. 谓语的类型（简单谓语和复合谓 语）；3. 主谓一致。,Individual activity,1. A poet and artist _ coming to speak
16、 to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. (2006江苏) A. is B. are C. was D. were,Quiz I: Multiple choice,2. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. (2006浙江)A. is B. are C. was D. were3. A survey of the
17、 opinions of experts _ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ good for ones health. (2007江西) A. show; are B. shows; is C. show; is D. shows; are,4. We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks _ so small that a day is unimportant. (2007湖南) A. is B. are C. has been D
18、. have been5. The performance _ nearly three hours, but few people left the theatre early. (2008全国I) A. covered B. reached C. played D. lasted,6. The story of the homeless orphan has _ sympathy from the public. (2008上海春) A. aroused B. attracted C. defended D. adopted7. The teacher together with the
19、students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. (2009四川) A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was,8. The population of Jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million. (2009江苏) A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing
20、9. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress. (2010全国II) A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn,10. Such poets as Shakespeare _ widely read, of whose works, however, some _ difficult to understand. (2010四川) A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are,1. As
21、 you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ (keep) rising these days.2. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ (repair) at the garage. 3. What we used to think _ (be) impossible does seem possible now.,keeps,is being repaired,was,Quiz II: 用括号内所给动词的适当形式 填空。,4. The use of credit cards in pl
22、ace of cash _ (increase) in recent years.5. Newton _ (explain) the movements of the moon from the attraction of the earth.6. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ (phone) to ask how I am going to spend the money.,has increased,has explained,are phoning,Quiz III: Tra
23、nslation,1. 昨晚我做好了你的生日蛋糕。 I made your birthday cake last night. 2. 课上完了，我们回家吧。 School is over. Lets go home. 3. 他看起来很忧愁。 He looked worried.,4. 地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖。 Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water. 5. 他们想得到的是大量的好书。 What they want to get are a number of good books. 6. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京。 My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing.,Homework,Finish the Exercises USING STRUCTURES on Page 62 in your Workbooks.,Thank you!,
