1、Section Grammar,一,二,三,一、请用下列情态动词造句1.ought to/oughtnt to2.should/shouldnt3.mustnt4.neednt5.dont have to6.will7.can/cant答案：略,一,二,三,二、用ought to,have to,need,mustnt完成句子1.你不应当在外面待到这么晚。You stay out so late.2.我们不必告诉他那件事情。We tell him about it.3.你一定不要玩刀。You play with the knife.4.他们需要立刻打扫房间吗? they clean the r
2、oom at once?,oughtnt to,dont have to/neednt,mustnt,Need,一,二,三,三、请把下列短语和其汉语意思搭配起来1.lose weightA.失去兴趣2.lose interest B.丢脸;没有面子3.lose heart C.减肥4.lose face D.失去信心答案：1.C2.A3.D4.B,Grammar情态动词:ought to/ought not to,have to/dont have to/mustnt/neednt以及情态动词完成式的用法。1.ought to(1)ought to无人称和时态的变化,其否定式为ought no
3、t to/oughtnt to,疑问式为:Ought I/you/he to.?常译作“应该,应当”。语气比should稍重一些,表示有责任、义务等。单句填空我是他的老师,我应该照顾他。Im his teacher.I ought (take) care of him.答案：to take,他们正在上课,你不应该在这里大声吵闹。They are having a class.You make such noise here.答案：oughtnt toOught I write to say thank you?我应该写信致谢吗?Yes,you ought (to).是的,你应该。答案：to(2
4、)含有ought to的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定时,疑问部分用shouldnt/oughtnt+主语。He ought to know what to do, he?他应该知道做什么,是吗?答案：oughtnt/shouldnt,(3)表示推测,多指按照常理的一种推测,意为“按理应该”。翻译句子It is already 9 oclock;he ought to be in his office now.翻译 答案：已经九点了,他现在应该在办公室里。2.have to通常指由于客观原因而不得不做某事,意思为“不得不,必须”。【高考典句】(2016全国高考甲完形填空) One morning,
5、I had to book an immediate flight home for a family emergency.一天早上,因为一件家庭急事我不得不预定一趟立刻回家的航班。注意:have to与一般情态动词的不同点(1)一般情态动词没有人称和数的变化,而且所用的时态也受到一定的限制,而have to有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态中。,He has to admit the idea of marriage scares him.(用于 人称 数时态)答案：第三;单;现在We will have to put off the sports meeting because of the
6、 bad weather.(用于 人称 数时态)答案：第一;复;将来They had had to consider it carefully before they made a decision.(用于 人称 数 时态)答案：第三;复;过去完成,(2)否定句和疑问句的构成方式不同have to的否定句和疑问句的构成需要借助于助动词do的适当形式或助动词will,而不可以在have后面加not。根据汉语意思用have to的适当形式完成句子You head for the meeting room so early.There are 30 minutes left.你没必要那么早去会议室,
7、还有30分钟。答案：dont have to11. do it as you told her?她必须按照你告诉她的来做此事吗?答案：Does she have to,12.He has to do a part-time job for his schooling,?他不得不做一份兼职工作来付学费,是吗?答案：doesnt he3.mustnt(1)must的否定式must not/mustnt,表示“不允许”或“禁止”。翻译句子13.You mustnt tell him the news.翻译 答案：你一定不要把此消息告诉他。,14.The magazines mustnt be tak
8、en out of the reading room.翻译 答案：不许把这些杂志拿出阅览室。(2)在否定回答“May I.?”这样的问句时,常用mustnt表示“禁止”“不允许”。单句填空15.May I park here?我可以在这里停车吗?No,you .不,不可以。答案：mustnt,4.neednt(1)neednt表示“不必”。neednt的同义结构是dont have to。同义句转换16.You neednt drive so fast.=You drive so fast.你不必开这么快。答案：dont have to(2)否定回答must问句时,用neednt或dont h
9、ave to,表示“不必”。单句填空17.Must we hand our homework in after class?课后我们必须交上作业吗?No,you .不,不必。答案：neednt,5.“情态动词+have done”用法归纳(1)must have done在肯定句中,must have done表示对过去发生过的情况肯定性的判断、推测,语气最强。完成句子18.你怎么又迟到了?你一定是睡过头了。How can you be late again?You .答案：must have overslept,(2)may/might have donemay/might have don
10、e主要用于肯定句,也可用于否定句,但不用于疑问句,语气比must have done弱,意思为“可能”。翻译句子19.He may have missed the train.翻译 答案：他可能没赶上火车。20.If you had studied hard,you might have passed the exam.翻译 答案：如果你努力学习的话,你可能会及格的。,(3)can have donecan have done主要用于否定句和疑问句,很少用于肯定句。翻译句子21.Where is Jack?Where can he have gone?翻译 答案：杰克在哪里?他可能去哪儿了?,
11、(4)could have donecould have done可以用于各种句型,即肯定句、否定句、疑问句。翻译句子22.We could have arrived there before dark,but we didnt.翻译 答案：天黑前我们本来能够到那里的,但是没到。,(5)cant/couldnt/mightnt have done对已发生事情没有把握的推断,意为“不可能或可能不”。完成句子23.他不可能错过火车,他已按时到达了。He the train.He has arrived on time.答案：cant have missed24.他不可能去了纽约,我刚才在阅览室见到
12、他了。He to New York.I met him in the reading room just now.答案：couldnt have gone,(6)should have doneshould have done表示过去本应该做,但实际上没做。翻译句子25.You should have told me earlier or I might have gone with them.翻译 答案：你应该早点告诉我,不然的话我就会和他们一块去了。,(7)shouldnt have doneshouldnt have done在形式上是否定,但表达的是肯定的意思,即表示过去本不应该做,而
13、实际上做了。单句填空26.You blamed her in public.你本不应该当众批评她的。答案：shouldnt have,(8)ought to have doneought to have done在含义上相当于should have done,但语气更重一些。翻译句子27.As her best friend,I ought to have visited her last week.But I was too busy.翻译 答案：作为她最好的朋友,我上周本应该去看她的,但我太忙了。,(9)oughtnt to have doneoughtnt to have done在含义上相当于shouldnt have done,但语气更重一些。单句填空28.You have spent so much time playing computer games.你本不应该花那么多时间玩电脑游戏的。答案：oughtnt to,(10)neednt have doneneednt have done表示过去本没有必要做,但实际上做了。翻译句子29.Its so near!We neednt have taken a taxi.翻译 答案：这么近!我们本来没有必要坐出租车的。,
