1、,观察下面两组句子，它们在语法形式上有何不同？1. He said，“I like it very much. ”2. He told me that he had left my book in my room. 提示：句1是直接引语，前后要加引号；句2是间接引语，不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。,直接引语和间接引语（）陈述句和疑问句,一、定义 直接引语是一字不改地将别人的话放在引号内。间接引语是用自己的话对别人的话进行转述，不用引号。例如： He said，“Mudslide has caused great harm to the local people. ” 他说：“泥石流给当地人们造
2、成了巨大损害。”(引号内的话为直接引语),He said that mudslide had caused great harm to the local people. 他说泥石流给当地人们造成了巨大损害。(that引导的宾语从句为间接引语),二、直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则【考点1】人称的变化 直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人立场的变化作相应的改变。,(1)“一随主”。 指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称而变化。John said，“I want to visit the World Expo. ” J
3、ohn said that he wanted to visit the World Expo.,She said，“ My brother wants to go with me”She said her brother wanted to go with her.,(2)“二随宾”。 指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。He said to Kate，“How is your sister now？” He asked Kate how her sister was t
4、hen.,(3)“第三人称不更新”。指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。 Mr. Smith said，“Jack is a good worker. ”Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.,【考点2】时态的变化直接引语变间接引语时动词变化如下表：,【考点3】指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化。,【考点4】连接词的选择(1)直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导的宾语从句。在口语中, that可以省略。例如：He said，“I was cooking whe
5、n the earthquake happened. ”He said(that)he was cooking when the earthquake happened.,She said to me，“I came back an hour ago”She told me(that)she had come back an hour before.,(2)直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句时，间接引语中用whether(. . . or. . . 或. . . or not)或if引导。例如：He said，“Are you interested in English? ”He a
6、sked(me)if/whether I was interested in English.,(3)直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。例如：“Whats your name? ”he asked me. He asked me what my name was.,. 将下列直接引语变为间接引语1. Zhou Lan said, “Ill do it after class. ”Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class. 2. He said, “Light t
7、ravels much faster than sound. ”He said that light travels much faster than sound. 3. Our geography teacher said to us, “The sun rises in the east and it sets in the west. ”Our geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and it sets in the west.,4. My history teacher taught us, “The Peo
8、ples Republic of China was founded in 1949. ”My history teacher taught us that the Peoples Republic of China was founded in 19495. She said, “Is your father an engineer? ”She asked me if /whether my father was an engineer. 6. The teacher said to Li Ming, “Have you finished your homework? ”The teache
9、r asked Li Ming whether/ if he had finished his homework.,完成句子1. He said that he wanted to stay there (想留在那儿). (want)2. He said that it was raining very hard (雨下得很大). (rain)3. He said that he would come to help you (他会来帮你的). (come)4. I said that I would give her some advice (将给她一些建议)the next day. (a
10、dvice)5. Jim said that he could speak Chinese (他会讲汉语).(speak),6. He told Mary that she was wasting her time (她正在浪费时间)day-dreaming. (waste)7. The man said that he would be very busy (他很忙) that day. (busy)8. She said that they had worked (已经工作)on the school farm for two weeks. (work)9. He said that he
11、 was reviewing his lessons (他在复习功课) then. (review)10. They said that they had arrived (到达)that morning. (arrive),11. He told the waiter to add up (加起来) the bill again. (add)12. He said that his plan had been upset (计划被打乱) by the sudden change in the weather. (upset)13. He told me that his mother was
12、 very concerned about his safety (为他的安全担心). (concern)14. She said that the country had gone through too many wars (经历了太多的战争). (go)15. She said she would set down everything (记下一切) that would happen. (set),16. Mother told the children to calm down (平静下来)(calm). 17. He said that he walked the dog (遛狗) every day last month. (walk)18. The manager said that the girl had ignored him (不理睬他) and walked out. (ignore)19. She told me she had taken his key on purpose (故意拿了他的钥匙). (purpose)20. He said he would not wait for her any longer (不再等她了). (longer),Thank you!,
