1、.词汇过关1_vt. & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力2_n十年，十年期3_adj.特级的；超级的_n超市_n超人4_n产量；输出_(反)输入；投入5_n饥饿；欲望 vt. & vi.(使)饥饿_adj.饥饿的6_adj.令人烦恼的；令人不安的_vt.干扰；扰乱,7_vt. equipment,.短语自查1thanks to_2rid.of_3_对感到满意4_宁可；宁愿答案：1.幸亏；由于；因为2.摆脱；除去3.be satisfied with4.would rather,.句式翻译1Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong b
2、ody are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades._2In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output._,3This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce onethird more of the crop in th
3、e same fields._4Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger._5Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before._,答案：1的确，他晒黑的面庞和手臂，以及清瘦而又结实的身躯，就跟千百万中国农民一模一样，他过去50年来的努力工作就是为了帮助他们。21974年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。3这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一
4、的产量。4由于他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的方法。5用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。,.语篇理解仔细阅读课文，完成表格。,答案：1.farmers2.19533.body4.farmers5.Life goal 6produce7.hybrid8.harvest9.fed10.knowledge 11hunger12.life13.hobbies14.troubles15.grown,.单词突破1struggle1)v.(1)奋斗，努力；斗争；搏斗，挣扎struggle for freedom 为自由而奋斗struggle against the enem
5、y/difficulties 与敌人/困难作斗争They were poor and had to struggle for a living.他们很穷，必须为生活而挣扎。They struggled just to pay their bills.他们辛苦所得仅敷日用。,(2)艰难的行进；吃力地进行I struggled up the hill with the heavy bags.我背着几个沉重的包吃力地爬上山去。2)n. 奋斗，努力；斗争；搏斗，挣扎，常与介词for, against, with及不定式连用。Three people were hurt in the struggle.
6、有三人在打斗中受伤。We will not give up our struggle for better working conditions.我们不会放弃争取改善工作条件的斗争。,【知识拓展】struggle for.为而斗争struggle with.与并肩作战struggle with/against.与作斗争struggle to do sth.努力做某事struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来,【牛刀小试】(1)(2007浙江)The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle_.A
7、to be heardBto have heardChearing Dbeing heard答案：A本题考查struggle的用法。struggle意思为“斗争，奋斗，挣扎”，后面可以接动词不定式而不接动名词做宾语，I与hear之间是动宾关系，因此，动词不定式应该使用被动语态。根据句意“在吃饭的时候孩子们说话的声音很大，我得尽力才能让他们能听到我说的话”可知，A为正确答案。,完成句子(2)他们挣扎着从燃烧着的车子里往外爬。They were_ _ _ _of the_car.(3)他努力地控制自己的脾气。He_ _ _his temper.(4)他同癌症抗争了两年。He_ _cancer fo
8、r two years.答案：(2)struggling to get out; burning(3)struggled to control(4)struggled against/with,2hunger n.1)U饥饿；饥荒Around fifty people die of hunger every day in this area.这一地区每天大约有五十人饿死。2)C(对某事物的)渴望；欲望He has a hunger for learning.他有强烈的求知欲。,【知识拓展】hungry(adj.) 饥饿的，感到饿的；渴望得到，渴求Thousands are going hung
9、ry because of the failure of this years harvest.由于今年粮食歉收，成千上万的人将挨饿。The orpan is hungry for care and love.这个孤儿渴望着关爱。hunger也可以用作动词，意为“渴望，渴望得到。”They hunger for the first prize.他们渴望中头奖。“渴望”的表达法：,【牛刀小试】完成句子(1)这位百万富翁童年时饱受饥饿和贫穷之苦。The millionaire_a lot_ _and poverty in his childhood.(2)由于他有强烈的求知欲，所以已取得了很大的进
10、步。He has made_ _for he is_ _knowledge.答案：(1)suffered; from hunger(2)great progress; hungry for,3disturbing adj.引起烦恼的The news from the front is very disturbing.来自前线的消息令人不安。The disturbing news soon got around the town.这则令人不安的消息很快在镇上传播开来。【知识拓展】disturb vt.使焦虑；使不安disturbed adj.心烦意乱的；烦恼的disturbance n扰乱，骚乱
11、,【一言辨异】They were all disturbed by the disturbing news, that is, the news disturbed all of them.这条令人不安的消息使他们都深感不安。也就是说，这条消息使他们都感到不安。,【牛刀小试】(1)It is very_that there has been an increase in crime in the last six months.Adisturbing BdisturbedCinterrupting Dinterrupted答案：Adisturbed“被扰乱的，动乱的，不安的”；disturbi
12、ng“令人不安的”；interrupted“被打断的，中断的”。根据句子意思“过去六个月犯罪案件的增加，令人非常不安”可知A为正确答案。,用disturb的适当形式填空(2)Then came the_news that Dolly became seriously ill.(3)She was _by the news of her mothers sudden illness.答案：(2)disturbing(3)disturbed,4expand(v.)1)扩大；增加；增强(尺寸，数量或重要性)This golf course expands to the riverside.这个高尔夫
13、球场的地界扩展到河边。Metals expand with heat.金属遇热膨胀。The eagle expanded his wings.雄鹰展翅。2)扩展，发展(业务)We have plans to expand into the US market.我们有计划把业务扩展到美国市场。,【牛刀小试】(1)The company has_its operations in Stanford by opening a new branch office there.Aexpanded BenlargedCextended Dincreased答案：Aexpand“扩大，膨胀”；enlarge
14、“放大”；extend“延伸，扩展”；increase“增加”。根据句子意思“这家公司在斯坦福新开了一家分公司，扩大了在那儿的经营”可知A为正确答案。,巩固运用(2)为什么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢？Why not_your story_a novel?(3)我们的对外贸易近几年获得了极大发展。Our foreign trade_ _greatly in recent years.答案：(2)expand; into(3)has expanded,5circulate v. (液体或气体等)环流，流通，循环；(消息，谣言等)传播，散布，流传Blood circulates through the
15、 body.血液在人体内循环。Bad news circulates quickly.坏消息传得很快。In times of prosperity money circulates quickly.在商业繁荣时期，钱流通得快。,【知识拓展】circulation n. 循环；流传；发行；流通He has a good circulation.他的血液循环很好。These ideas have been in circulation for some time.这些想法已经流传过一段时间。This magazine has a large circulation.这本杂志发行量很大。,【牛刀小试
16、】完成句子(1)热水在供热系统中循环。Hot water_ _the heating system.(2)散布谣言者该受惩罚。People_ _rumours are to be punished.(3)这份报纸发行量达四十万份。The newspaper_ _ _ _400,000.答案：(1)circulates through(2)who circulate(3)has a circulation of,6therefore adv.因此；所以；因而I was ill, and therefore, I couldnt come.我当时病了，因此没能来。It is raining, an
17、d therefore well not go.天在下雨，所以我们不去了。We do not have enough money and therefore we cannot afford to buy the new car.我们的钱不够，因而买不成这辆新车。,【词语辨析】therefore, sotherefore“因此，所以”，adv.为正式用语。常用于数学、逻辑和其他精密的推论中，特用来表示严密的推理。so“于是，因此”，conj.用于简洁的会话和平时的对话中，推论不必严密。He was the only candidate; therefore, he was elected.他是
18、惟一的候选人，因此，他当选了。He was ill so he didnt come.因为他病了，所以没有来。,【牛刀小试】(1)(2009浙江)The incomes of skilled workers went up. _， unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.AMoreover BThereforeCMeanwhile DOtherwise答案：C考查副词词义辨析。moreover“而且”therefore“因此”；meanwhile“同时”；otherwise“否则，要不然”。根据句意应选C。,(2)(2006浙江)Progress s
19、o far has been very good._，we are sure that the project will be completed on time.AHowever BOtherwiseCTherefore DBesides答案：C考查副词的用法。however“然而”；otherwise“否则”；therefore“因此”；besides“除此以外”。由句意可知表示因果关系，故选C。,同义句转换(3)He broke the law, therefore he was put into prison.He broke the law，_he was put into pris
20、on.(4)It was so late that we decided to go home.It was _ _； _， we decided to go home.答案：(3)so(4)rather late; therefore,7equip (vt.) 常说equip sb./sth.(with sth.)(for sth.)，被动语态形式为be equipped(with sth.)(for sth.)1)配备，装备He equipped himself for a long journey.他为长途旅行准备行装。Our factory is equipped with moder
21、n machines.我们厂装备着现代化的机器。,2)使有所准备；使有能力The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。We try to equip our children with a good education.我们努力使孩子受到良好的教育。【知识拓展】equipment n. U 设备，装备firefighting equipment 消防设备,【牛刀小试】完成句子(1)我们的实验室装备良好。Our lab is_ _.(2)你的训练使得你能胜任将来的工作。Your
22、 training will_you_your future job.(3)他们带上两把锋利的斧子便朝森林走去。They_themselves_a pair of axes and set off for the forest.答案：(1)well equipped(2)equip; for(3)equipped; with,单项填空(4)_all kinds of knowledge, he was admitted to a key university.AEquipped with BHaving equipped forCArmed for DHaving armed with答案：A
23、考查非谓语动词的用法。题意：拥有各种各样的知识，他得以进入重点大学。arm做动词意为“武装，给配备武器”；equip意为“配备，装备”。根据句意应该用equip。equip是及物动词，与he之间构成动宾关系，应用过去分词，在这里equip与主句动作无先后关系，因此，A为正确答案。,8occupation (n.) 工作，职业；占领，占有Please set down your name, address and occupation.请写下你的姓名、地址和职业。She was born in France during the German occupation.她是在德军占领期间在法国出生的
24、。,【知识拓展】occupy vt. 占领；占据(位置，空间或时间)The enemy occupied the town.敌人占领了城镇。Writing occupies most of my free time.写作占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。He is occupied in translating a French novel/with the translation of a French novel.他在忙着翻译一本法语小说。Is that seat occupied?那个座位有人吗？,【词语辨析】business, occupation, profession, tradebusi
25、ness是常用语，通常指“生意，行业”，表示为图利(常指为个人谋利)而做的工作。trade指“买卖或货物交换”，常用于国内外之间的交易，也指“行业”，特别是手工业。profession指受过特殊教育和训练的脑力劳动者的职业。occupation指训练有素的某人经常从事的工作，但它不强调某人此时此地是否仍从事此工作或者领工资与否。,【牛刀小试】用occupation，business, profession填空(1)What is his_？(2)The company does_with many countries.(3)He is a doctor by_.(4)He has no fix
26、ed_.答案：(1)occupation(2)business(3)profession(4)occupation,单项填空(5)These families may take raising children as their chief_，leaving the childless families free to move from job to job.Aoccupation BjobCwork Dbusiness,答案：A本题考查名词的辨析。occupation“职业”；job“工作”，是可数名词；work“工作，劳动”，是不可数名词；business“生意，买卖”。根据句子意思“这
27、些家庭将抚养孩子作为他们的主要职业，让不带孩子的家庭自由地从一种工作转换到另一种工作”可知，A为正确答案。,.短语精讲1thanks to sb./sth.幸亏；由于；因为Weve reached our goal for $50 000, thanks to the generosity of the public.我们完成了募集50 000美元的目标，这要归功于公众的慷慨大方。 It was all a great successthanks to a lot of hard work.由于尽心竭力，这才大获成功。,【知识拓展】1)thanks to表示“幸亏；由于；因为”，其短语在句中只
28、能作状语；既可用于褒义又可用于贬义，表示讽刺的口吻。We lost the game thanks to your stupidity.由于你的愚蠢，我们输掉了比赛。2)due to表示“因为；由引起；由于”；其短语在句中可以作表语、定语或状语。部分语言专家认为在动词之后或句首用due to表示“因为”更合适，因为due为形容词。注意： be due to do sth.表示“被安排去做某事”。,Her illness was due to bad food.她的病是吃坏了的食物造成的。(表语)He arrived late due to the heavy rain.由于大雨他来晚了。(状语
29、) Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequences.由于疏忽大意所引起的错误可能会造成严重后果。(定语),3)owing to表示“因为，由于”；其短语在句中作状语。I couldnt attend, owing to illness.因为有病，我不能参加。The game was cancelled owing to the heavy rain.Owing to the heavy rain, the match was cancelled.比赛因大雨取消了。4)because of表示“因为”，其短语在句中作状语。Jo
30、hn didnt attend the meeting because of his illness.John didnt attend the meeting because he was ill.约翰没有出席会议是因为他病了。,5)as a/the result of表示“由于；作为的结果”，其短语在句中作状语。He was late as a result of the snow.He was late because of the snow.他由于下雪迟到了。,【牛刀小试】(1)_Dr Smith, I can walk around again now.AThank toBThank
31、s toCOwing to DBecause of答案：B此处表达感激之意，所以选B。,(2)(2008江西)Animals suffered at the hands of Man_they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people.Ain which Bfor whichCso that Din that答案：Din that引导原因状语从句，意思是“因为”。A、B引导定语从句；C项意为“以便，以致；结果是”，引导目的和结果状语从句。根据前后的逻辑关系
32、来看，前面是结果，后面是原因，故选D。,2rid sb./sth. of sb./sth.(to remove sth.)去除；清除；摆脱Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.将采取进一步的措施来防止街头犯罪。Will science finally rid us of this disease?科学最终会使我们摆脱这种疾病吗？,【知识拓展】1)get rid of 除去；除掉；摆脱Try and get rid of your visitors before I get there.在我到达之前，想办法把你的客人
33、打发走。We got rid of all the old furniture.我们扔掉了所有的旧家具。2)be rid of(to be free of sb./sth.)摆脱I was glad to be rid of the car when I finally sold it.把车卖掉时，我很庆幸终于脱手了。She wanted to be rid of her parents and their authority.她想摆脱父母及其权威的束缚。,3)结构类似的短语还有：(1)remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事This story reminds me of my ch
34、ildhood.这个故事让我想起了我的童年。(2)rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物They robbed him of his money.他们把他的钱抢去了。(3)inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事I wasnt informed of the decision until too late.等到我得知这项决定时，已经太迟了。,(4)expect sb. of sth.期望某人某事I will do what is expected of me.我会尽本分的。(5)require sb. of sth.使某人做某事What exactly is required of
35、 a receptionist?接待员的职责到底是什么？(6)convince sb. of sth.使某人信服某事We could not convince him of his mistake.我们无法使他明白他的错。,【牛刀小试】完成句子(1)总有一天我们会有办法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。One day we will manage to_the world_this terrible disease.(2)为了治好感冒我已试用了各种药物。Ive tried all sorts of medicine_ _ _ _this cold.,(3)他走了，我很高兴不再受他纠缠。Hes go
36、ne, and Im glad to_ _ _him.答案：(1)rid; of(2)to get rid of(3)be rid of,3be satisfied with 对感到满意，同义短语为be pleased/content withShe is never satisfied with what shes got.她对自己的所得从不感到满足。Im not satisfied with the way he cut my hair.我对他给我理的发型不满意。,【知识拓展】1)satisfy(v.) 使满意；使满足Nothing satisfies himhes always comp
37、laining.什么都难如他的意他老在抱怨。We cannot satisfy demand for the product.我们不能满足对产品的需求。,2)satisfaction C & U满足；满意；欣慰；令人满意或欣慰的事She can look back on her career with great satisfaction.她回顾自己的经历觉得心满意足。He was enjoying all the satisfactions of being a parent.他享受着一个做父亲的所能得到的一切快乐。,3)satisfactory(adj.)令人满意的；够好的；可以的Of a
38、ll the pens he tried, only one was satisfactory.在他所试的笔中，只有一支是令人满意的。The result of the experiment was satisfactory.实验结果令人满意。4)satisfying(adj.)令人满意(或满足)的The story had a satisfying ending.那个故事的结局令人满意。,【牛刀小试】(1)Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does_his boss.AservesBsatisfi
39、esCpromises Dsupports答案：B题意：尼克正在寻找一份新的工作，因为他感到自己所做的一切都不能使老板满意。,单项填空(2)Not_the present job, he decided to get a new one.Asatisfy BsatisfiedCsatisfied with Dsatisfying with答案：Cbe satisfied with意为“对感到满意”。,4would rather.(than)宁愿；更喜欢Id rather stay in this evening, if thats right with you.要是你没问题的话，今晚我想呆在这
40、里。Id rather not say what I think.我宁愿不说出我的看法。Which would you rather do, go to the cinema or stay at home?你是去看电影还是待在家里？,【知识拓展】1)would rather do.than do.宁愿做.也不愿做.(表示选择，选中的是前一项)The bus is crowded. Id rather go home on foot than take a bus home.公共汽车拥挤，我宁愿步行也不乘公共汽车回家。2)would rather(that)sb. did sth.宁愿某人(表
41、示将来或现在的动作)Id rather you came with us.我倒愿意你和我们一起来。,3)would rather(that)sb. had done sth.宁愿某人(表示已经发生的动作，谓语动词采用过去完成时)Id rather you hadnt done that.我倒希望你没有做那件事。4)would rather not have done sth.要是不就好了(表达一个与过去相反的一个假设或愿望)I would rather not have gone to the cinema last night.昨天晚上我要是不看电影就好了。,【牛刀小试】完成句子(1)汤姆不
42、愿意听摇滚音乐。Tom_ _ _ _to rock music.(2)孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿意乘公共汽车。The children would walk there_ _ _a bus.(3)约翰想今天来看我，我却愿意他明天来。John wants to see me today. I would rather_ _tomorrow.,(4)我宁愿你早点告诉我事实真相。Id rather you_ _me the truth earlier.答案：(1)would rather not listen(2)rather than take(3)he came (4)had told,单项填空
43、(5)Do you mind my turning off the light?_. Im reading the end of the story.ANo, not at all BOf course notCId rather you didnt DYes, please答案：C解答该题的关键是要注意would rather后从句中虚拟语气的使用。would rather后的从句，如果从句的谓语动词表示与现在或将来事实相反，常用一般过去时；如果与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。该题根据上下文语境可知，是与将来事实相反，不让关灯，故应使用一般过去时，正确答案为C。,(6)Who would yo
44、u rather_with you, Peter or _？Ahave go; me Bhave gone; meChave to go; I Dhave gone; I答案：A本题变为陈述句为You would rather have Peter/me go with you.考查了would rather后接动词原形及have sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”结构。由句意“你宁愿让谁和你一起去，彼得还是我？”可知A为正确答案。,(7)Did you scold him for his carelessness?Yes, but_it.AI would rather not doBId rather not have doneCI shouldnt doDId better not do,
