1、一、重点词汇考点1distinguish vt. & vi.显示的差别；辨别【教材原句】Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself.这次我有机会来表现一下自己了。【例句研读】(1) Research suggests that babies learn to see by _ areas of light and dark. 研究表明，婴儿通过辨别光亮和黑暗的区域来学会看东西。 (2) There is something about music that distinguishes it _all other art forms. 音乐的某种
2、特质使其有别于其他所有艺术形式。 (3)Over the next few years he _ a leading scholar. 在接下来的几年里，他作为一名杰出的学者而声名远扬。,from,) has been distinguished as/has distinguished himself as,distinguishing between,【归纳拓展】distinguish between.and.区分/辨别和distinguish.from.使有别于distinguish oneself (as.)(作为)表现突出distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的be
3、 distinguished for.因而出名,【即时巩固】He is a _ (distinguish) writer.we must _ _two kinds of holiday.我们必须区别两种节日的不同之处。【答案】答案：distinguished distinguish between,考点2. seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺取；攻占【教材原句】.I decide to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent offi
4、ce.我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认定。【例句研读】(1) The elephant_ a nearby branch and put it into her mouth. 大象抓住一根附近的树枝并放入口中。 (2) He _ _ _sudden chest pains.他突然感到胸部疼痛。【归纳拓展】seize sb. by the collar/the arm抓住某人的衣领/胳膊seize up停止运转，发生故障seize a chance to do.抓住机会做seize hold of 抓住，占领seize on/upon利用，抓住(可利用的事
5、物),was seized with,seized,【温馨提示】 seize作“(疾病)侵袭”讲时常用于被动语态中，构成“be seized with”结构，意为“感染疾病，受侵染”。 【即时巩固】(1) He seized me _ the arm. (2) If he_ of escaping from the burning building, he might have lost his life. 如果他没有抓住机会从燃烧的大楼里逃出来的话， 他很可能就丧生了。答案：（1）by （2）hadnt seized the chance,考点3 bear (bore, borne) vt.
6、 忍受；忍耐；负担；生育【教材原句】I cant bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue. 我不能忍受烤肉架是烤焦的香肠的气味。【例句研读】The ice is too thin_ _ your weight.冰太薄，承受不了你的重量。I cant bear people _in my office while Im working.我在办公室工作时，受不了有人吸烟。,to bear,smoking,【归纳拓展】cant bear doing/to do sth.不能忍受做cant bear sb./sb.s doing/to do st
7、h.不能忍受某人做某事bear a heavy burden肩负重担bear responsibility承担责任bear/keep sth. in mind记住,【即时巩固】You must bear this rule _ mind.I think this task is _ (bear)He cant bear _ （laugh）at in the public.【答案】inbearable being laughed,考点4 associate vt.联想；联系；n.同伴；伙伴【教材原句】Although he is most often associated with the in
8、vention of the telephone, 尽管他经常被与电话的发明练习起来,【例句研读】While she was in Paris, she _ _many wellknown artists.她在巴黎的时候和许多知名艺术家共过事。We often associate China _ the Great Wall.我们常把中国同长城联系起来。,associated with,with,【归纳拓展】associate.with.使与联系起来；结合；合伙associate with sb与某人交往；共事be associated with与有关association n联合；联想；交往
9、；协会；社团in association with与联合；与有关联【即时巩固】This man is _ (associate) with the case.He is in _ (associate) with this accident.The famous actor is associated _ the case.The ancient tools are often found _association _ broken animal bones.答案：associatedassociationwith in; with,考点5. practical adj. 实际的；实践的；适用
10、的【教材原句】, he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybodys life 他的确是一名永不停息的探索家，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。【例句研读】Her advice is_. Youd better follow it.她的建议是适用的，你最好听从。There are two obvious practical applications of the research.这项研究有两个明显的_用途。,practical,实际,【归纳拓展】p
11、ractical experience 实践经验practicallyactually 实际上；事实上put.into practice 把付诸实施in practice 在实践中out of practice (因久不练习)荒废；生疏practice doing sth. 练习做 【温馨提示】其反义词为impractical；名词形式为practice；动词为practise/practice，其后若跟动词用ing形式。,【即时巩固】He practised _ (play) the piano in his spare time.His advice on how to keep fish
12、 is _ (practice)He lacks_ _.他缺乏实践经验。He came up with _ _ _他提出了一个切实可行的计划。答案：playingpractical practical experience a practical plan.,考点6. caution n&vt. 小心，谨慎；警告【教材原句】This time with great caution I bent down to examine the snakes and I found them very sleepy.这一次我小心翼翼地蹲下去检查，我发现蛇正在犯困。【例句研读】I _him not to b
13、e against being late.我警告他不要迟到。We proceeded with caution. 我们_进行。The information should be treated _ _ .处理此信息要特别谨慎。,cautioned,with caution,谨慎,【归纳拓展】with caution 小心地give sb.a caution 告诫某人receive a caution from sb. 得到某人的劝告let sb.off with a caution 给出警告后才放过某人cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的be cautious about/of/with
14、.在方面很谨慎be cautious(not)to do 小心(不)做,【即时巩固】He is _ (caution) about his messages.I must stress the need for _(cautious)我必须强调务请小心。He received_ _ _ . 他受到正式警告。【答案】cautiouscaution. a formal caution,考点7. expectation n. 期待；预料；前程【教材原句】This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again.这是因为我预料蛇会再咬人。
15、【例句研读】（1）He has little_ of passing the exam.他对考试及格不抱希望。（2）I usually enjoy his films, but the latest one didnt come up to my_.我向来喜欢看他的电影，但最近的一部并不像我期望的那样好。,expectations,expectation,【归纳拓展】have expectation of 期望in expectation of 期待；指望against/contrary to expectation(s)beyond expectation(s)出乎预料live up to(
16、ones)expectations 达到(某人的)期望an artist with great expectations 一位有远大前程的艺术家特别提示*expectation其意思为“期望，期待”， 不可数。 beyond expectation出乎意料（较预期者大或好） in expectation of预料 其意思为“期望的事物、前景”时常用复数。against expectation(s)与预期相反【即时巩固】His _ (expect) are too high.He tried to live up _ his parents expectations.We thought Joh
17、n would do well, but he has succeeded beyond our _(expect) .【答案】expectations to expectation,考点8. claim vt. 声称，认领 n声称【教材原句】.whose only job is to examine whether your claim is valid or not.他的唯一工作是检查你的声明是否有效。【例句研读】if no one _ the items, they will become Crown property.如果无人认领这些物件，它们就将成为王室（国有）财产。They cla
18、im to have discovered a cure for the disease.他们_已经发现了治疗此病的一种药物。,claims,声称,【归纳拓展】claim to do sth 声称做某事claim sb to be / as. 声称.claim on 要求权利claim against 要求，索赔【即时巩固】His _to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。He _that he had done the work without help.他声称没有得到帮助而完成了这项工作。You have no claim _my sympathies
19、.你无权要求得到我的支持。_ _ _ _ _?有没有人认领这把伞？【答案】.claim claimed on Does anyone claim this umbrella,考点9.beat(beat，beaten)vt. 连续不断的击打，打败【教材原句】Leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods.偶尔离开平路去寻找困境。【例句研读】His heart is _ fast.他的心跳得很快。she beat him easily at chess.下象棋时，她轻而易举地_了他。he heard a regular dru
20、m_.他听到了有规律的击鼓声。,beating,赢,beat,【即时巩固】 (1) He was _ (beat) to death by the cruel boss.(2) I tried to get in but _ _ back by the flames.我试图进去，但被大火挡了回来。【答案】(1) beaten (2) was beaten,【归纳拓展】beat/defeat某人/队打败某人/队 beat sb.to death 打某人致死beat sb.to it 抢先一步；捷足先登n. 节拍：clap the beat 拍手打节拍adj.(作表语)筋疲力尽：I am beat
21、.,考点10.innocent adj. 无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真的【教材原句】In a courtroom it is sometimes difficult to recognize who is innocent and who is guilty.在法庭上，有时很难辨别出谁是有罪的，谁是无罪的。【例句研读】she was an _person.她是个天真无邪的人。They have imprisoned an innocent man.他们监禁了一个_男子。,无辜的,innocent,【归纳拓展】be innocent of a crime 无罪的an innocent child
22、 一个天真的孩子innocent fun 无恶意的玩笑be innocent of sth. 缺乏/没有某物innocence n. 无罪，无知，天真,【即时巩固】He is innocent _ selfrespect.Im convinced of the mans _ (innocent)【答案】(1) of (2) innocence,考点11abrupt adj. 突然的；意外的【教材原句】They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.他们突然消失在附近的墙洞里了。【例句研读】The _change of s
23、chedule gave me lots of trouble.行程突然改变给我造成许多麻烦。The road is full of abrupt turns and is dangerous for motoring.这条路到处都是_，开汽车很危险【即时巩固】I dont know the cause of his _leave.我不知道他突然离去的原因。The match came to an abrupt end.比赛_中止了。He _ (abrupt) changed his mind.I was surprised by _ _ _of subject.出其不意的变换题目让我很吃惊。
24、【答案】（1）abrupt（2）突然abruptlythe abrupt change,abrupt,急转弯,考点短语： 1. set about开始，着手(后接动词ing形式)；出发；动身【教材原句】I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.我着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到捕蛇的最简易的方法。【例句研读】 That evening he _ _ _a report on pollution. 那天晚上，他开始着手写一篇关于污染的报告。After the earthquake
25、, people set about rebuilding their homes.地震过后人们_重建家园。,set about writing,开始,【归纳拓展】set out出发，启程set off 出发，动身；使爆炸set aside 留出，对不予以考虑set down 记下，写下set up 建立，开办；开业；树立；造成，产生【即时巩固】He set _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part.On their arrival, they set _ reading the English books they
26、 brought with themselves.【答案】out about,3.get through完成；通过；接通电话；度过(时间)【教材原句】I cant get through.我打不通电话。【例句研读】The woman was so fat that she couldnt _ _the doorway. 这女人胖得连门都通不过。After getting _ washing the dishes, he went out.【归纳拓展】get along with sb.与某人相处；进展get away with sth.携某物潜逃；不因某事受惩罚get down to sth.
27、/doing sth.开始做某事；认真处理某事get across 被理解；使人了解get down to 认真地静下心(工作)(to为介词)get over 克服get in 收获,get through,through,【即时巩固】指出 get through在句中的不同含义。The passage is too narrow for cars to get through._Our message doesnt seem to have got through. Weve had no reply though it was sent several days ago._Ive pile
28、s of papers to get through before the meeting._I rang you several times but wasnt able to get through._I got through the novel in one evening._He has got through all the money I lent him._We wish to get through the business quickly._【答案】穿过，通过 到达目的地 读完；理解；消化 接通电话看完；完成 用完，花光 办完，做完,3 call up 给打电话；(使)回忆
29、起；召集(开会等)【教材原句】When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.当我给在乡下的妈妈打电话时，她正感到心烦。【例句研读】I _ _ _three months after the war broke out.战争爆发三个月后，我被征召入伍。I call you up this evening.今晚我_。The music_ old times.音乐让人回想起旧日时光。This old photo _ _memories of my childhood.这老照片引起我对
30、童年的回忆。,was called up,给你打电话,calls,calls up,【归纳拓展】call for 需要；要求；呼吁；(去)接某人call at(火车等)停靠；拜访某地call on 拜访某人call on sb. to do sth. 号召/要求某人做某事call off 取消call out 大声说；召唤某人call in 叫某人进入call back 回电话；再打电话规则提示call up后的宾语如果是代词，此代词应放在call和up之间；如果是具体的人或物，放在call和up之间或up之后均可。I called her up.I called the girl up.=I
31、 called up the girl.call up作“打电话”讲时可用ring up代替。look back on /to sth.也当“回忆，记起”讲，其主语一般为“人”，而call up的意思是“使回忆起”，主语为“物”。,【即时巩固】用call相关短语的适当形式填空。They decided to _ a doctor because the child was not any better.This is a problem that _ an immediate solution.The boy on the watch started _ when he saw somebod
32、y approaching.He had to _ the meeting because of the bad weather.This picture _ my memories of the amusing experience.We _ our new neighbours last week.【答案】call incalls for calling out call off called/ calls up called at,4. out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障【教材原句】Im sorry, but this phone is out of order.对不起，这部电
33、话坏了。【例句研读】Not that the machine is_ _ _, but that I have not learned to operate it. 不是机器出了故障，而是我还没有学会操作。I checked the files and some of them were out of order.我检查了这些卷宗，其中一些_.,out of order,次序颠倒了,【归纳拓展】in order 按顺序；整齐；状况良好keep good order 保持良好秩序place an order (for)订购order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事order tha
34、t.(should) do 命令,【即时巩固】Lets number the letters of the alphabet, _ order, from 1 to 26.The phone is _ of order, so I cant get through.Everything in the room is _ good order .【答案】in out in,5. now and then 偶尔；有时【教材原句】Snakes come near the house now and then.蛇偶尔会来到这所房子附近。【例句研读】(1) He is busy with his job
35、 every day and goes to the cinema_.他每天忙于工作，偶尔去看看电影。 (2) He slips now and then in his grammar. 他_犯语法错误。,now and then,不时地,【即时巩固】He went to his hometown now _ then.We all write_, even when theres not much to say.我们时不时的写信， 甚至没有很多话说的时候【答案】andnow and then,【归纳拓展】,6hang on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住【教材原句】Hang on，please请别挂
36、断电话.【例句研读】 (1)_ _ - Ill just see if hes here.等一下-我这就看看他在不在。(2) We all hung on as the bus swung around a sharp turn.公共汽车急转弯时，我们都_扶手。,紧紧抓住,Hang on,【归纳拓展】hang up挂电话hang off挂断(电话)规则提示hang on作“别挂断，坚持”讲时和hold on的用法一样。Hold on a minute，Ill just get a pen.请稍等，我拿一只笔来。Try and hold on until help arrives.想办法坚持到有
37、人来帮助。hang up的意思是“挂断电话”。【即时巩固】Hang _ to that rope and dont let go.Time is up; I have to hang _ the receiver now.【答案】： on up,7. dive into跳水（头朝下）；将手伸入中；（对活动，问题等）全心投入，潜心研究【教材原句】Leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods. 偶尔离开坦途去寻求困境。【例句研读】 The boy _ _the river from the bridge.这男孩从桥上跳入河中
38、。 He dived into his pocket and pulled out a quarter.他_口袋中取出一枚25美分的硬币。He dived into/in the history of China.他_中国历史。,dived into,将手伸入,潜心研究,【归纳拓展】 dive into作“潜心于”讲时和devote oneself to sth.的意思一样，但devote oneself to sth.还有“投身于把自己奉献给”的意思。,【归纳拓展】,【即时巩固】He dived _the bag and brought out two red apples.他全身心地投入他
39、的事业，为我们的国家做出了很大的贡献。He_his career and made a great contribution to our country.【答案】：into devoted himself to/ dived into,8. set out to do sth.为了某个目标而努力【教材原句】Bell never set out to invent the telephone and what he was trying to design was a multiple telegraph.贝尔从来没打算去发明电话，他所努力去设计的是一种复合电报。【例句研读】 (1) He _
40、 _to break the record for the channel swim.他决心打破游过海峡的记录。 (2) They set out to examine the ship.他们_检查这艘船。,set out,着手,【归纳拓展】 set out to do sth.和set about doing sth.着手做某事set out for=set off for=leave for 出发到哪里去,【即时巩固】At dawn, they set_ to get ready for the work of the day.They set out _ (work )at about
41、8 oclock.【答案】： out to work,三、经典句型 考点1. before 从句【教材原句】The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot.第二天早上，天还不是很热，我就早早地起来了。【句法分析】 before作连词表示时间时，根据其在句中的实际情况，译法有多种，具体可译为：(1)在之前。We lived in Paris before moving to London.我们搬到伦敦之前住在巴黎。(2)(之后)才。It was a long time before I got to sleep again.很长一段时
42、间之后我才重新入睡。,(3)(不多久)就。It wasnt long before she came back.不久她就回来了。(4)以免。Lock your bike before it gets stolen.锁好你的自行车，以免被偷。(5)还没来得及就。Before John stopped her， she ran out.约翰还没来得及阻止她，她就跑了出去。,【例句研读】Theres a feeling in me that well meet again.我有一种感觉，我们会再见面。The news that he passed away made me sad.【考点聚焦】bef
43、ore引导时间状语从句【即时巩固】It wont be long _ I go abroad.It was some time_ the door opened in response to his ring.他按完门铃后过了一会儿门才打开。 We waited a long time_ _ _. 我们等了很长时间火车才到【答案】beforebefore before the train arrived,考点2. 祈使句and/or陈述句【教材原句】Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will hav
44、e something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。【句法分析】 “祈使句and/or陈述句”结构中，前后为承接关系时用and或then；而前后是相反关系时用or， otherwise或or else，这种句型可以改为if引导的条件状语从句。【例句研读】Give me one more hour, and Ill get the work finished.再给我一个小时，我把工作完成。Follow your doctors advice. or your cough will get worse.听从医嘱，否则你的咳嗦会更厉害。【考点聚焦】and或者or引导的并列连词,【即时巩固】Lend her a hand, _ she will be grateful to you.Send an email to your parents, _ they will get annoyed.【答案】and or,
