1、成才之路 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版 选修6 (通用本),Global Warming,Unit 4,Section Using Language,Unit 4,.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？1根据首字母及英文释义写出下列单词(1)a_having qualities that are typical of most people or things; neither very good nor very bad(2)w_existing or happening over a large area or among many people(3)c_a pro
2、mise to do sth. or to behave in a particular way,average,widespread,commitment,(4)c_the conditions and facts that are connected with and affect a situation, an event or an action(5)a_publicly support a particular policy or ways of doing things,circumstance,advocate,2根据词性和汉语意思写出下列单词的拓展形式(1)tendency(n
3、.)倾向；趋势_(vi.)趋向；易于(2)existence(n.)生存；存在_(vi.)生存，存在(3)pollution(n.)污染；弄脏_(vt.)污染；弄脏(4)_(n.)增长；生长grow(vi.)生长，增长(5)electrical(adj.)电的；与电有关的_(n.)电；电学(6)educator(n.)教育工作者；教育家_(vt.)教育(7)_(n.)贡献contribute(vt.)贡献；捐献,tend,exist,pollute,growth,electricity,educate,contribution,(8)presentation(n.)显示；演出_(vt.)呈献(
4、9)_(n.)分歧，不一致disagree(vi.)有分歧，不一致(10)casual(adj.)随便的；偶然的_(adv.)随便地；偶然地,present,disagreement,casually,.重点短语1_the whole大体上；基本上2on behalf_ 代表一方；作为的代言人3put up_ 容忍；忍受4so long_ 只要5and so_ 等等6turn_ 开大，调高7as _ as 不但而且；既又8carry_ 实施，执行,out,well,up,on,as,with,of,on,9have effect_ 对有影响10instead_ 代替；而不是,of,on,.预读
5、理解1What can we do about global warming in our house according to Earth Care?ADo not use any electrical appliance.BNever watch TV.CTry to save as much electricity as possible.DRide a bike instead of using a car.,2According to Earth Care, after drinking a cola, we should _.Athrow the can awayBbuy anot
6、her oneCstart working as soon as possibleDkeep the can for recycling3What can we do by simply using our mouth?APersuade our parents to buy energysaving products.BPass the knowledge of global warming to other people.CPlant trees in our garden of school.DBoth A&B.,D,4From the first letter we know Ouya
7、ng Guang is most probably a _.Aschool teacherBschoolboyCyoung parentDnewspaper boy5What are the purposes of the two letters?ATo discuss the cause of global warming.BTo ask and give advice on what to do about global warming.CTo call on people to fight against global warming.DTo say “hello” to each ot
8、her.答案：15CDDBB,1.advocate nvt.拥护；提倡；主张nC提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者The public advocated passing the law.公众支持通过这条法律。The group doesnt advocate the use of violence.该团体不主张使用暴力。He is an advocate of more airplanes and fewer warships.他是一个提倡多造飞机、少造军舰的人。,知识拓展advocate sth./doing sth.提倡做某事advocate that sb.(should) do sth.提倡某人
9、做某事；宾语从句需要用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，should可省略。I dont advocate building large factories.我不主张建造大工厂。The report advocated that all buildings be fitted with smoke detectors.该报告主张所有的建筑物都应该安装烟火探测器。,活学活用补全句子(1)许多人主张增设医院。Many people _ _ more hospitals.(2)有时她主张我应该存钱。Sometimes she would advocate that I _ some of the m
10、oney.答案：(1)advocate building(2)(should) save,2commitment n承诺；交托；信奉If you are serious about our relationship, you should make a commitment.如果你对我们的关系很认真，你就应该给个承诺。The government will continue to honour its commitment to pensioners.政府将一如既往地向领取养老金的人兑现承诺。,知识拓展(1)commitment to.对的拥护honour/fulfil/meet a comm
11、itment兑现承诺make a commitment (to do sth.)做出承诺(做)(2)commit vt.使同意；使承诺；vi.同意，承诺commit a crime犯罪commit suicide自杀commit to (doing) sth.承诺(做)，答应(做)commit sb to (doing) sth.使某人承诺做；使某人答应(做),I felt I did not have to make such a commitment to them.我觉得我没有必要对他们作出那样的承诺。I do not want to commit to any particular d
12、ate.我不想定下具体的日期。She tried to commit suicide, but we saved her life by chance.她试图自杀，但我们碰巧救了她。,活学活用补全句子(1)我们已经答应帮忙，就一定会做到的。Weve _ _ _ to help, and we will.(2)一个孩子在法律上是被看作无能力犯罪的。A child is considered legally incapable of _ _ _.答案：(1)made a commitment(2)committing a crime,3electrical adj.电的；与电有关的His fath
13、er is an electrical engineer.他的父亲是一位电力工程师。比较网站electrical, electric, electronic,活学活用用“比较网站”中的词填空(1)The cooker isnt working because of an _ fault.(2)The child likes _ toys.(3)I got an _ organ as my birthday present.答案：(1)electrical(2)electric(3)electronic,4casual adj.随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的Such casual dress wou
14、ld not be correct for a formal occasion.这样的便服不宜在正式的场合穿。We had a casual meeting on a crowded train.我们在拥挤的火车上不期而遇。My car had broken down and I sought help from casual passersby.我的车抛锚了，我就向碰巧路过的人求助。,知识拓展casually adv.偶然地；无意地casualness n随便；偶然活学活用John was dismissed last week because of his _ attitude towar
15、ds his job.AinformalBcasualCdeterminedDearnest答案：B题意：约翰因对工作漫不经心而于上周被解雇了。informal“非正式的”；casual“漫不经心的”；determined“坚决的”；earnest“认真的”。,5circumstance n环境；情况The circumstances forced me to accept.环境迫使我不得不同意。He was forced by the circumstances to do this.他做此事是为环境所迫。Due to circumstances beyond our control the
16、 lecture was cancelled.由于无法控制的情况，讲座取消了。,知识拓展circumstance表示“条件，情况”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式。in/under the circumstances在这种情况下in/under no circumstances无论如何不Under the circumstances, we must rely on ourselves.在这样的情况下我们必须依赖自己。At no time and under no circumstances will China use nuclear weapons.在任何时间和任何情况下，中国都不会使用核武器
17、。,活学活用补全句子(1)无论什么情况下你都要锁上门。Under no circumstances _ _ _ the door unlocked.(2)在这种情况下她工作得很好。She did the job well _ _ _.答案：(1)should you leave(2)in the circumstances,6refresh vt.使恢复；使振作A cool drink refreshed me after my long walk.走了很长的一段路之后，一杯冷饮使我恢复了精神。A long vacation will refresh me。长假过后我就会重新振作精神。,温馨提
18、示前缀re：前缀re(back)，表示“又，再，回”。rebuildre(back再)build(建造；建设)vt.重建renewre(back再，重)new(新)vt.重新；重新开始reviewre(back再)view(观察，观看)vt./n.复习retellre(back再，重)tell(讲述)vt.复述,知识拓展(1)refresh ones memory恢复记忆refresh oneself with sth.用某物给某人提神(2)refreshing adj.使人神清气爽的refreshment nU恢复精神；pl.点心活学活用汉译英休息一会儿，能使你恢复精神。_答案：A rest
19、 will refresh you.,7contribution n贡献；捐助；稿件The signing of such a treaty would be a major contribution towards world peace.签订这样一项条约是对世界和平的重大贡献。知识拓展make contributions to对作出贡献相当于make a contribution tocontribute v捐助；捐献；贡献出；投稿contribute to有助于；促使；导致contributor n贡献者；捐助者；投稿者contributive adj.贡献的；出资的；有助的,The d
20、octor makes a great contribution to the public health.这位医生对公共健康作出了巨大的贡献。Before the millionaire died, he had decided to contribute most of his wealth to the charity organization.那位百万富翁去世之前，将他的大部分财产捐给了那家慈善组织。,活学活用补全句子食用含太多脂肪的食物会引起心脏病，导致高血压。Eating too much fat can _ _ heart disease and cause high blood
21、 pressure.答案：contribute to,1.on behalf of代表一方；作为的代言人Please accept my apology on behalf of the hotel.请接受我代表酒店向您道歉。They presented the Queen with a bouquet on behalf of the women students.她们代表女学生向女王献花。,知识拓展on behalf of sb./on sb.s behalf代表(或代替)某人；为帮助某人；因为某人；为了某人in behalf of sb./in sb.s behalf为帮助某人Thank
22、 you very much for your tireless efforts on our behalf.非常感谢你为我们所做的不懈努力。The President signed the treaty in behalf of his government.总统代表他的政府在条约上签了字。,活学活用(1)完成句子不要为了我去费力做这件事了。Dont trouble to do it _ _ _.(2)(2013辽宁)_ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.ABy means ofBOn beha
23、lf ofCIn search ofDFor fear of,答案：(1)on my behalf(2)B考查介词短语的辨析。句意：代表这里的每一个人，我祝您回国旅途愉快。on behalf of“代表”；by means of“通过”；in search of“寻找”；for fear of“为了避免”；可知，B项是最佳答案。,2put up with忍受；容忍That woman was a servant, who had a lot to put up with.那妇人是一个仆人，不得不忍受许多烦恼。We cant put up with the smell coming from t
24、he river behind our school.我们忍受不了从学校后面那条河里飘来的气味。,知识拓展(1)同义词：bear, stand, tolerate(2)put aside节省，储蓄，储存备用put down写下，记下put forward提出(建议)；把向前拨put off延期，推迟put on穿上，戴上；演出put out熄灭，扑灭put through给接通(电话),I cant bear to think of it.我都忍受不了去想它。I cant stand Tom; he talks too much.汤姆话太多了，我受不了了。The boss cant toler
25、ate caring in the office.老板不能容忍在办公室内吃东西。He put forward a plan for the committee to consider.他提出一项计划交由委员会审议。One should always put a little money aside for a rainy day.一个人总应积攒点钱以备不时之需。,She washed the cups and put them away.她洗完杯子后便把它们收了起来。Let me put down your telephone number in case I forget it.让我先记下你
26、的电话号码，以免忘了。,活学活用(1)Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almost every word her teacher says.Aput outBput downCput awayDput together答案：B本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：玛丽非常擅长在课堂上记笔记。她几乎能把老师说的每个词都写下来。put out“熄灭”；put down“写下，记下”；put away“把放好”；put together“放在一起”。,(2)The exam results will be_on Friday af
27、ternoon.Aput downBput offCput upDput away答案：C本题考查短语动词的用法。题意：考试结果要星期五下午张贴公布。put down “记下，写下，镇压”；put off“推迟，延期”；put up“建起，搭起，张贴”；put away “收拾起来”。,3so long as只要Ill help you so long as I have time.只要我有时间我会帮助你的。I dont care, so long as she let me be with her.只要她让我和她在一起，我才不在乎呢。You may borrow this book, so
28、long as you keep it clean.这本书你只要能保持整洁，就可以借给你。,知识拓展条件状语从句有两种：真实条件句和非真实条件句(即虚拟条件句)。能引导真实条件句的连词除了so/as long as外，还有if，unless，suppose/supposing(that)，providing/provided that，given(that)，on condition that，only if等。If you are tired, we will go straight home.如果你疲倦了，我们就直接回家。I wont go to the party unless Im i
29、nvited.除非我被邀请，否则我不会去参加晚会的。,You can go there on condition that you dont come back late for dinner.你可以去那儿，条件是回来吃饭不能太晚。Supposing that there is no pure water; what shall we drink?假如没有纯净的水，人们喝什么？I will go providing /provided that you go too.如果你也去，我就去。Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to
30、school.我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。,Given that he can get another chance, he will surely succeed.如果他能再一次得到机会的话，他肯定会成功的。活学活用(1)补全句子只要你有自信，你就会获胜的。_ _ _ you have confidence in yourself, youll win.,(2)Ones life has value _ one brings value to the life of others.Aso that Bno matter how Cas long as Dexcept that答案：(1
31、)So/As long as(2)C考查状语从句。as long as“只要”；so that“为了”；no matter how“无论怎样/多么”；except that“除了”；题意：一个人只要能给别人的生活带来价值，他的生活就是有价值的。,1.As Im not sure where to start with my project, I would appreciate any suggestions you may have.因为我还不清楚我该从哪里着手开始我的研究，我会感激你们的任何建议。本句为主从复合句，as引导原因状语从句，在该从句中where to start.作Im not
32、 sure的宾语；you may have为定语从句，修饰suggestions。,where to start with my project为“疑问词不定式”结构。疑问代词(who，what，which等)和疑问副词(when，where，how等)后面跟不定式，构成“疑问词不定式”结构，这种结构在句中可以作主语、宾语(一般用在tell，understand，explain，advise，discuss等后面)、表语等。如：,主语,温馨提示将该结构改成从句时，需在疑问词后加上适当的主语，并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语。如：How to do it is a question.How we s
33、hould do it is a question.我们该怎样做是一个问题。Which to choose is important.Which we should choose is important.我们要选哪个很重要。,活学活用补全句子有二十名学生要去听如何快速阅读的课。Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ _ _ _.答案：how to read fast,2It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using i
34、tif not, turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！此处if not是if you dont use it的省略形式，属于if型省略结构，意为“如果不是这样的话”。Ask her if it is a convenient time. If not, can she suggest another possible time?问问她那个时间方便不方便。要是不方便，那她可不可以另提一个可行的时间？,知识拓展if so如果这样if any如果有if ever如果曾有过的话if necessary/possible如果有必要/可能,活学活用补全句子(
35、1)图书馆里有关于英语语法的书吗？Are there any books about English grammar in the library?如果有，也很少。_ _， there are only a few.(2)如果有必要，我开车来接你。_ _， Ill pick you up.答案：(1)If any(2)If necessary,3It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials, so, if you can, buy things made from recycled materials.用新材料来做这些东西
36、要花费大量的能源，因此，只要有可能，就买那些用回收材料制成的物品。,句子分析如下：,并列分句1,引导条件状语从句,连接两个并列分句,并列分句2,知识拓展It takes (sb.)精力/时间to do sth.句型表示“做某事花费(某人)多少精力/时间”。Itll take a while to sort this problem out.得需要一段时间才能把这问题处理完。“花费”句型荟萃：,The journey should take us about three days.这次旅程将花费我们大约3天时间。We are spending a lot more on food than we
37、 used to.我们在食物上的花销比过去多多了。,活学活用句型转换My brother spent 5,000 yuan on the iPhone 4S.My brother _the iPhone 4S._to buy the iPhone 4S.The iPhone 4S cost my brother 5,000 yuan.答案：paid 5,000 yuan for；It took my brother 5,000 yuan.,怎样用英语写海报、告示海报是向大众发布某种消息的布告。海报的形式多为招聘广告，活动宣传和人物介绍。英文海报的内容常为球讯、影讯、商业报道、展览会、报告会、专
38、题讲座等。一般的英文海报由标题、正文和落款组成。,写 作 指 导,一、海报的格式1在第一行的正中间写“POSTER”。2在第二行“POSTER”下面写上活动的具体名称或者活动的内容。例如：An Exciting Basketball Match。3在第三行空3个空格写上Good news for you.也可不写。4第四行空3个格写正文，为一段。5在正文的右下角写发布单位，下一行写日期。,二、写作要求主题要鲜明，语言要简明扼要，有感染力，能够唤起公众的关注。句子要短小精悍，通俗易懂。时态通常用一般现在时和将来时。,三、黄金佳句Well have a show/football match on
39、 July 16th.There is a piece of news that well hold a. 地点时间We hope to raise money to help the poor children .It will be held . The match will be wonderful.You can buy tickets in . and the price is 2 yuan for each.By then, some new clothes are even 50% off. If you spend more than 100 yuan at one time,
40、 you can get at present.,人类，只有一个地球。地球是人类赖以生存的家园，它无私地把自己所拥有的一切全部奉献给了人类，而人类不仅不好好珍惜，不回报地球，还加以破坏，让地球日渐“衰老”。请同学们发挥想象力，以“全球变暖，保护环境”为主题，写一篇英语海报。,话 题 导 入,谋篇布局 本次写作要求写一篇海报，需要用说明的表达方式来解说事物，阐明事理，给人以知识。文章结构：提出问题、分析原因、解决办法。语言特点：时态多用一般现在时，采用客观表述，避免主观色彩；层次分明，条理清楚。,关键用词,参考范文The weather is becoming warmer and warmer
41、; the glaciers are melting faster and faster; many animals are losing their habitats; the sea level is rising and many seaside cities are facing the danger of being submerged. All of these are caused by global warming.,How does the global warming happen? Human activities are one of the factors that
42、lead to global warming. Many of our activities, such as burning fossil fuels, driving too many private cars and destroying the forests will speed up global warming. Now that we know the reasons for it，we should avoid these activities to stop the earth from getting warmer. We should use solar energy
43、instead of burning fossil fuels. Using more public transportation instead of driving cars can help save resources as well as reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. Furthermore, we should plant more trees to absorb the carbon dioxide in the air.We ought to do our best to help stop global warming.,名师点
44、评文章分为三部分：第一部分列举全球变暖的表现，引出话题；第二部分承接上文，提出“全球变暖是如何发生的”这一问题，分析原因，并提出了切实可行的解决方法；第三部分呼吁人们尽自己所能防止全球变暖。文章层次分明，条理清楚，中心突出，内容充实。使用了恰当的连接词，使文章语言流畅，一些较好的词汇、习惯用语和句式使文章增色不少。,.单词拼写1She doesnt want to make a _(承诺) to me now.2They are planning to do something to prevent the _(污染)3Everyones _(情况) are unique so one nee
45、ds to handle his own affairs differently.4There is some _(分歧) on this issue.5He has made a _(贡献) to the project.答案：mitment2.pollution3.circumstances4.disagreement5.contribution,.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1The city is searching for the ways to reduce air _(pollute)2Weve seen enormous _(grow) in the number of businesses using the Web.3The cooker isnt working because of a(n) _ (electricity) fault.4Professor Taylor is generally recognized as one of the states most respected _(educate),
