1、Unit 1Cultural relicsUsing Language,. 速记单词1. 根据汉语提示写出正确单词。(1)The _(当地的)people are strongly against the project to be built by their village. (2)It is famous for the _(城堡)built in the 19th century. (3)He was on _(审判) for blowing up a building. (4)At the _(入口) to the valley stands a big pine tree. (5)
2、Because the ship was badly damaged in the storm, it began to _(下沉). (6)Our class had a heated _(辩论) on the topic.,local,castle,trial,entrance,sink,debate,2. 根据语境用所给单词的适当形式填空。(1)It is _that the _he has given is not reliable. (evidence/evident)(2)The _has _around the world for the first time. (sailor/
3、sail)(3)It is an _party so you need not dress so _. (informal/formally)(4)A bomb _during the rush hour and the _caused two deaths. (explode/explosion)(5)The _which the artist _was valuable. (paint/painting),evident,evidence,sailor,sailed,informal,formally,exploded,explosion,painting,painted,. 短语互译1.
4、 拆开 _2. 而不是 _3. 看重；器重 _4. at midnight _5. care about _6. agree with _,take apart,rather than,think highly of,在午夜,关心，介意，在乎,同意,完成句子1. 一天，他正在一家二手家具店里查看，这时他(突然)在众多不同的花瓶和首饰中看见了一个神奇的东西。One day he _in a second-hand furniture shop _. (be doing. . . when. . . )2. 举例来说，中国人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口都多，这是可以得到证实的。For exampl
5、e, _China has more people than any other country in the world. (it作形式主语),was looking,when,he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and,jewels,it can be proved that,3. 他/她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是观点或看法。He/She only cares about _，_. (whether引导宾语从句；which引导定语从句),whether the eyewitnes
6、s has given true,information,which must be facts rather than opinions,1. apart adv. 分离地；分别地【语境领悟】The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it. 老人看到一些德国人拆除并移走了琥珀屋。The boy is so clever that he can take apart any toy car and put it together. 这个男孩很聪明，他能够拆开任何玩具汽车然后将它组装起来。,Its
7、difficult to tell the two brothers apart. 这两兄弟很难区分开。【归纳拓展】take apart 拆开tell. . . apart 把区别开来apart from 除之外(还有),Apart from schoolwork, I spend my spare time in singing. 除了学校功课之外，空闲时我喜爱唱歌。【名师点津】在take apart中，作宾语的名词可放于take和apart之间，也可以放于take和apart之后；若代词作宾语，则只能放于take和apart之间。,【即学活用】完成句子。_is easy, but putt
8、ing it together is quite difficult. (take)把这个机器拆开很简单，但是组装起来却十分困难。The twin sisters are so alike that I cant _. (tell)这对孪生姐妹太像了，我区分不出她们。Rod loves _. However, he never manages to put them together again. (take)罗德喜欢拆钟表，然而他从来不能把它们再组装起来。,Taking the machine apart/Taking apart the machine,tell them apart,ta
9、king apart clocks,2. trial n审判；审讯；试验【语境领悟】So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial因此在审判中，看法不是强有力的证据。The product is on trial in our laboratory. 该产品正在由我们实验室做测试。The case, which is related with the school shooting, has been under trial. 与校园枪击案有关的案件已在审理之中。,【归纳拓展】 under trial 在审理中on trial 在受审中；在试验中,【
10、即学活用】选用trial的短语填空。The workers are busy now; that is because some machines are _. The murder is _, which will last six weeks.,on trial,under/on trial,3. evidence n. 根据；证据【语境领悟】This kind of information is called evidence这种信息就叫做证据。There is some evidence that he was there on the night. 有证据证明那天晚上他在场。The
11、first signs of spring are in evidence. 春天的最初迹象已显然可见。,【归纳拓展】(1)There is some evidence that. . . 有证据证明in evidence 显眼，显而易见(2)evident adj. 明显的，明白的Its evident that. . . 很明显It is evident that Mo Yan is a genius in writing. 很显然莫言是个写作天才。,【即学活用】完成句子。_that he will win the election. (there)没有证据证明他会赢得这场竞选。_the
12、team has progressed a lot since the coach came. (it)很显然自从教练来到这个队，他们已取得很大进步。,There is no evidence,It is evident that,4. explode vi. 爆炸【语境领悟】In April 1945 I heard something explode at midnight. 1945年的4月，我半夜突然听到爆炸声。The speakers mistake was so funny that the audience exploded with laughter. 那位演说者的错误如此可笑
13、, 以致听众哄然大笑。,【归纳拓展】 explode with 突然explosion n. 爆炸【巧学助记】 The explosion of the gas pipe did great damage to the building, and as a result, several cars parking there exploded too. 煤气管道的爆炸严重损害了这座建筑物，结果停在那里的几辆汽车也爆炸了。,【易混辨析】,【即学活用】选词填空(explode/blow up)。In order to beautify the city, they _some old buildi
14、ngs. Firecrackers _here and there when the Spring Festival came. The bomb _the moment the police arrived there.,blew up,exploded,exploded,5. entrance n. 入口【语境领悟】To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed. 令我奇怪的是煤矿入口封闭了。Students were given free entrance to the football match. 学生可以免费入场观看足球赛。Th
15、ere are a few entrances to the railway station. 火车站有几个入口。,【归纳拓展】the entrance to 的入口the exit of. . . 的出口,【即学活用】用介词填空。Two fiery griffins guarded the entrance _the castle. All the exits _the building were blocked up when the fire broke out. 选词填空(exit/entrance)。Ill meet you at the _to the zoo tomorrow.
16、There are usually many taxis waiting at the _of the theater.,to,of,entrance,exit,6. sink vi. 下沉；沉下【语境领悟】Thankfully, he sank back into his comfortable chair; someone else would do the job. 那件工作将由另一个人去做; 他颇感欣慰地坐回到他那把舒适的椅子上。He looked very pale; his cheeks had sunk in. 他的脸色非常苍白, 双颊陷了下去。,He was very tire
17、d and sank into a chair. 他非常疲倦, 靠在椅子上。The flames at last sank down and the fire went out. 火焰最后微弱下来, 然后火就熄灭了。【归纳拓展】sink back 重重地往后坐下sink in 下陷；被吸收；被理解sink into 渗入, 陷入, 沉入, 进入sink down 降低,【即学活用】用sink的适当短语填空。Her head _, tears in her eyes. At last the child _a deep sleep. Your warning didnt _. You may h
18、ave to talk to him again.,sank down,sank into,sink in,7. debate n. 争论；辩论 vi. 争论；辩论【语境领悟】Whats the question now under debate? 现在辩论的是什么问题呢？The truth of this news story is beyond debate. 这则新闻报道的真实性无可争议。They debated with each other on the environment protection and economy growth. 他们就环境保护和经济发展展开了辩论。,【归纳
19、拓展】under debate 在讨论中; 在辩论中beyond/without debate 无可争议debate with sb. about/on 就与某人辩论,【即学活用】用介、副词填空。The bill is _debate and hasnt been passed yet. He told a lie _debate. 完成句子。I _whether I should accept the gift. (debate)我正在考虑是否应该接受这礼物。We have _. (debate) 我们正在就时事问题进行辩论。,under,without/beyond,am debating
20、 with myself,been debating about current affairs,8. think highly of看重；器重【语境领悟】I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room. 我看重那些寻找琥珀屋的人们。He was highly thought of and so he was called the heroic bus driver. 他受到高度评价，被称为英雄公交车司机。,【归纳拓展】think well/much of. . . 认为好；对评价高think ill/poorly/li
21、ttle of. . . 认为不好；对评价不高think nothing of 不把当回事I dont think much of her idea. 我认为她的主意不怎么样。I should be sorry if you thought ill of me. 你要是对我有不好的看法，我会感到遗憾的。,【想一想】下面是表示赞扬或诋毁的短语，你能填上正确的形容词或副词吗？speak _ of. . . 高度赞扬speak _ of. . . 说的坏话sing _ praise for. . . 高度赞扬【参考答案】highly/well ill high,【名师点津】当think highly
22、/well/much of. . . 用于被动语态结构时，副词应放于其修饰的动词前，即be highly/well/much thought of。,【即学活用】完成句子。What he said _. (think)他的话受到高度评价。He _the heavy snow and walked on. (think)他没有把大雪当回事，继续向前走。,was well/highly/much thought of,thought nothing of,9. One day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an
23、 amazing object among the many different vases and jewels. 一天，他正在一家二手家具店里查看，这时他(突然)在众多不同的花瓶和首饰中看见了一个神奇的东西。【句式分析】 本句是be doing. . . when. . . “正在做这时”句型。when在句中作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”，相当于and then，and at that time。,He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm struck his ears. 他正躺在床上突然听到了像烟雾警报器之类的声音。【归
24、纳拓展】when作并列连词时的常见句式还有： be about to do. . . when. . . 即将做这时be on the point of doing. . . when. . . 正要这时had just done. . . when. . . 刚做完这时,He had just rushed into the classroom when the teacher came in. 他刚跑进教室，这时老师进来了。,【即学活用】仿写句子。今天早晨我正在大街上走，就在这时我看见两个游客正在困惑地看着地图。This morning I _I saw that two traveler
25、s were reading a map, looking puzzled. 我正准备睡觉，这时有人敲门。I _there was a knock on the door. 我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。I had hardly got to the office _at once.,was walking on the street when,was about to sleep when,when my wife phoned me to go,back home,10. For example, it can be proved that China has more peop
26、le than any other country in the world. 举例来说，中国人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口都多，这是可以得到证实的。【句式分析】 本句是含有主语从句的复合句。it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，that在从句中为引导词且不充当成分。,It was reported that she was elected the first female president of that country. 据报道，她当选那个国家的第一位女总统。It is well known that he is good at writing. 众所周知，他擅长写作。,【
27、即学活用】仿写句子。他所说的并不是真的，这可以得到证实。_据说他下周要来。_他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。_,It can be proved that what he has said is not true.,It is said that he will come next week.,It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the,office.,11. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to
28、 believe. 在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信哪些证人不能相信。【句式分析】 该句为“疑问词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。We have not decided when and where to go on an outing. 我们尚未确定何时何地去郊游。,【名师点津】“疑问词不定式”用法的四个注意事项：(1)在句中可作主语、宾语、表语；(2)疑问词：who，what，when，where，how等；(3)作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；(4)这种结构常用在动词tell，show，understand，explain，teach，learn，advise，discuss，find
29、 out等后作宾语。How to do it is a question. 该怎样做是一个问题。,【即学活用】完成句子。No one could tell me _. (where)没有人能告诉我哪儿能买到这本有趣的书。To be honest, I dont know _. (what)诚实地说，我不知道下一步做什么。,where to get the interesting book,what to do next,1. prove vt. & vi证明；证实【语境领悟】A fact is anything that can be proved. 事实是可以被证明的信息。All this
30、proved him (to be) honest. =All this proved that he was honest. 所有这一切都证明他是个诚实的人。Just give me a chance and Ill prove it to you. 只要给我机会，我会证明给你看。My advice proved (to be) wrong. 我的意见证明是错的。,【归纳拓展】 that. . . n. /pron. (to be)+n. /adj. prove sth. to sb. 向证明prove (to be). . . 证明是,prove 证明是,【即学活用】一句多译。你如何能证明
31、它是正确的呢? _,How can you prove that it is right?,How can you prove it (to be) right?,2. rather than而不是；与其说不如说【语境领悟】It is you rather than he that are to blame for the terrible accident. 是你而不是他该对这次可怕的事故负责。【名师点津】(1)rather than连接两个平行成分。(2)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。,He
32、would give up _give in. 他宁愿放弃也不愿屈服。He, _you, is to have a holiday on the farm. 是他而不是你要到农场度假。,rather than,rather than,【即学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people rather than _(harm) them. I think Tom, rather than you, _(be) to blame.,harm,is,3. He/She only cares about
33、whether the eyewitness has given true information，which must be facts rather than opinions. 他/她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是观点或看法。【句式分析】 此句为主从复合句。whether引导宾语从句, 作主句谓语cares about的宾语；在whether引导的宾语从句中又套有一个which引导的非限制性定语从句，对先行词information 起补充说明的作用，which在从句中充当主语。,【名师点津】 whether引导宾语从句既可作介词的宾语，也可作动词的宾语。w
34、hether在从句中意为“是否”，且只引导从句，不充当成分。I havent settled the question of whether Ill go back home. 我是否回家, 还没有定。,【即学活用】仿写句子。一切都取决于(depend on)她是否胜任(fit)这份工作，这是我们关心(care about)的事情。_他们关心的是警察是不是已经找出了足够的证据，这些证据一定是真的。They care about _, which must be true.,It all depends on whether she can be fit for the job, which w
35、e,care about,whether the police have found out enough,evidence,4. Nor do I think they should give it to any government. 我认为他们不应该把它交给任何政府部门。【句式分析】 该句把否定副词置于句首，句子使用了部分倒装语序。这种倒装的句式为“否定副词+助动词情态动词主语动词其他”。类似的常见否定副词有：not/neither/little/seldom/ hardly等。,Seldom have I seen her recently. 最近我很少见她。Hardly had he
36、 gone out when it began to rain. 他刚出去天就开始下雨了。,【即学活用】把下面的句子变成倒装句。He little knows what trouble hes in. _He seldom eats breakfast. _,Little does he know what trouble hes in.,Seldom does he eat breakfast.,. 多项选择1. (2013诸城高一检测)There is something wrong with the computer, so he is trying toand repair it. A
37、. take it apartB. take it awayC. take it off D. take it up【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意: 电脑坏了, 他正在试图把它拆开进行修理。take apart“拆开”; take away“拿走”; take off“脱下, 起飞”; take up“占据”。,2. (2013兖州高一检测)This kind of new machine is on_ before they are put into the market. A. experiment B. trialC. examination D. agreement【解析】选B。考查
38、名词词义辨析。句意: 投入市场之前, 这种新机器处于试验中。be on trial“在试验中”与句意相符。,3. He is quite reliable. Yes, hefails to keep his promise. A. rarelyB. merelyC. fairlyD. chiefly【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。答句句意: 是的, 他很少失信。A项表示“很少”; B项表示“仅仅”; C项表示“相当, 颇”; D项表示“主要地”。,4. (2013邯郸高一检测)When the New Year bell sounds, fireworks and crackers begin t
39、ohere and there. A. explode B. destroyC. devote D. trap【解析】选A。考查动词词义。句意: 当新年的钟声响起, 烟花爆竹开始在各处响起。explode“爆炸”; destroy“破坏”; devote“献身”; trap“使陷入困境”。,5. John was dismissed last week because of hisattitude towards his job. A. informal B. casualC. tough D. violent【解析】选B。考查形容词词义。句意: 约翰上周被开除是因为他对待工作的态度随便。ca
40、sual“随便的”, 符合句意。informal“非正式的”; tough“强硬的; 艰苦的”; violent“暴力的”。,6. (2013南宁高一检测)Young as she is, our English teacher is very experienced andby all of us. A. thinks highly of B. highly thought ofC. thinks high of D. high thought of【解析】选B。考查动词短语的被动语态。句意: 尽管年轻, 我们的英语老师经验很丰富, 受到大家的高度评价。be highly thought o
41、f意思是“受到高度评价”。,7. (2013长沙高一检测)Shewith her roommate about who should do the cleaning last night, but she didnt think it was her fault. A. discussed B. debatedC. argued D. quarreled【解析】选D。考查动词词义。句意: 昨天晚上她和她的室友关于谁应打扫卫生吵了一架, 这里要用quarrel with sb. about sth. “就(关于)与某人发生口角”。discuss“讨论”, 为及物动词, 后直接加宾语; debate“辩论”, 其宾语常是学术性问题; argue“争辩”, 与句意不符。,
